{"id":40808,"date":"2019-09-25T06:46:08","date_gmt":"2019-09-25T05:46:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-calor-y-energia-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-11T15:27:49","modified_gmt":"2020-01-11T14:27:49","slug":"que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-calor-y-energia-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-calor-y-energia-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico? Calor y energ\u00eda: definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span>Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda.\u00a0<\/span><span>En un proceso isob\u00e1rico y el gas ideal, parte del calor agregado al sistema se utilizar\u00e1 para hacer el trabajo y parte del calor agregado aumentar\u00e1 la energ\u00eda interna.\u00a0<\/span><span>Ingenieria termal<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><a id=\"wpseosnippet_title\" class=\"title\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/wp-admin\/post-new.php?post_type=page#\"><span>Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>La forma cl\u00e1sica de la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-primera-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/\"><span>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0es la siguiente ecuaci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dU = dQ &#8211; dW<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, dW es igual a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dW = pdV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y se conoce como el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"p\u0394V Work - Trabajo de l\u00edmite y V\u0394p Work\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/p%ce%b4v-work-boundary-work-and-v%ce%b4p-work\/\"><span>trabajo l\u00edmite<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En un proceso isob\u00e1rico y el gas ideal,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>parte del calor agregado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0al sistema se utilizar\u00e1 para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>hacer el trabajo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>parte del calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0agregado aumentar\u00e1 la\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\"><strong><span>energ\u00eda interna<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0(aumentar\u00e1 la temperatura).\u00a0Por lo tanto, es conveniente utilizar la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>entalp\u00eda en<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0lugar de la energ\u00eda interna. Dado que\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>H = U + pV<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, entonces\u00a0<\/span><em><strong><span>dH = dU + pdV + Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span>\u00a0y sustituimos\u00a0<\/span><em><strong><span>dU = dH &#8211; pdV &#8211; Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span>\u00a0en la forma cl\u00e1sica de la ley:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span>dH &#8211; pdV &#8211; Vdp = dQ &#8211; pdV<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Obtenemos la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Primera ley en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda dH = dQ + Vdp\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-in-terms-of-enthalpy-dh-dq-vdp\/\"><span>ley en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>dH = dQ + Vdp<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>o<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>dH = TdS + Vdp<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el t\u00e9rmino\u00a0<\/span><em><strong><span>Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso de flujo de trabajo.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Este trabajo, \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><em><strong><span>Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em><span>\u00a0, se utiliza para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>sistemas de flujo abierto<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0como una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>turbina<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0o una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en la que hay un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>&#8220;dp&#8221;<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, es decir, un cambio de presi\u00f3n.\u00a0No hay cambios en el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Control Volume - Control Volume Analysis\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/control-volume-control-volume-analysis\/\"><span>volumen de control<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Como puede verse, esta forma de ley\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>simplifica la descripci\u00f3n de la transferencia de energ\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A presi\u00f3n constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cambio de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es igual a la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energ\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0transferida del ambiente a trav\u00e9s del calentamiento:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Proceso isob\u00e1rico (Vdp = 0):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dH = dQ \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><span>\u2192<\/span><span>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Q = H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>En una entrop\u00eda constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, es decir, en un proceso isentr\u00f3pico, el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cambio de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0equivale al\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>trabajo del proceso de flujo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0realizado en o por el sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Proceso isentr\u00f3pico (dQ = 0):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dH = Vdp \u2192 W = H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Es obvio, ser\u00e1 muy \u00fatil en el an\u00e1lisis de los dos ciclos termodin\u00e1micos utilizados en la ingenier\u00eda de potencia, es decir, en el ciclo Brayton y el ciclo Rankine.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17426\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17426\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17426 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isob\u00e1rico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"381\" height=\"717\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17426\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Proceso isob\u00e1rico &#8211; caracter\u00edsticas principales<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17320\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17320\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17320 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" alt=\"La Ley de Charles es una de las leyes del gas.\" width=\"533\" height=\"403\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17320\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Para una masa fija de gas a presi\u00f3n constante, el volumen es directamente proporcional a la temperatura Kelvin.\u00a0Fuente: grc.nasa.gov La pol\u00edtica de derechos de autor de la NASA establece que &#8220;el material de la NASA no est\u00e1 protegido por derechos de autor a menos que se indique lo contrario&#8221;.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda.\u00a0En un proceso isob\u00e1rico y el gas ideal, parte del calor agregado al sistema se utilizar\u00e1 para hacer el trabajo y parte del calor agregado aumentar\u00e1 la energ\u00eda interna.\u00a0Ingenieria termal &nbsp; Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda La forma cl\u00e1sica de la\u00a0primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica\u00a0es la &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico? Calor y energ\u00eda: definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-calor-y-energia-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico? Calor y energ\u00eda: definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico? Calor y energ\u00eda: definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Proceso isob\u00e1rico: calor y energ\u00eda. En un proceso isob\u00e1rico y el gas ideal, parte del calor agregado al sistema se utilizar\u00e1 para hacer el trabajo y parte del calor agregado aumentar\u00e1 la energ\u00eda interna. 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