{"id":40844,"date":"2019-09-25T08:23:25","date_gmt":"2019-09-25T07:23:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-diagrama-pv-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-11T15:57:32","modified_gmt":"2020-01-11T14:57:32","slug":"que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-diagrama-pv-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-diagrama-pv-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isoc\u00f3rico? &#8211; Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal &#8211; Diagrama pV &#8211; Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Para un proceso ideal de gas y politr\u00f3pico, el caso n \u279d \u221e corresponde a un proceso isocr\u00f3rico (volumen constante).\u00a0En un diagrama pV, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea horizontal que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n V = constante.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<h2>Proceso isoc\u00f3rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal<\/h2>\n<p>Un\u00a0<a title=\"Proceso isoc\u00f3rico - Proceso isom\u00e9trico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-proceso-isometrico-definicion\/\"><strong>proceso isocr\u00f3rico<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el que el\u00a0<strong>volumen<\/strong>\u00a0del sistema cerrado\u00a0<strong>permanece constante<\/strong>\u00a0(V = constante).\u00a0Describe el comportamiento del gas dentro del contenedor, que no puede deformarse.\u00a0Como el volumen permanece constante, la transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema no funciona con el\u00a0<a title=\"p\u0394V Work - Trabajo de l\u00edmite y V\u0394p Work\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/p%ce%b4v-work-boundary-work-and-v%ce%b4p-work\/\">p\u2206V<\/a>\u00a0, sino que solo cambia la\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\"><strong>energ\u00eda interna<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(la temperatura) del sistema.\u00a0Para un proceso ideal de gas y\u00a0<strong>politr\u00f3pico<\/strong>\u00a0, el caso\u00a0<strong><em>n\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u279d\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u221e<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0corresponde a un proceso\u00a0<strong>isocr\u00f3rico (volumen constante)<\/strong>\u00a0.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un gas ideal?<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-pV-Diagram.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-17464 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-pV-Diagram-300x247.png\" alt=\"proceso isocr\u00f3rico - diagrama pV\" width=\"300\" height=\"247\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-pV-Diagram-300x247.png\" \/><\/a>Supongamos una\u00a0<strong>adici\u00f3n de calor isocr\u00f3rica<\/strong>\u00a0en un gas ideal.\u00a0En un\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\">gas ideal<\/a>\u00a0, las mol\u00e9culas no tienen volumen y no interact\u00faan.\u00a0Seg\u00fan la\u00a0<a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\">ley de los gases ideales<\/a>\u00a0, la\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la presi\u00f3n? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\">presi\u00f3n<\/a>\u00a0var\u00eda linealmente con la\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la temperatura? F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-temperatura-fisica-definicion\/\">temperatura<\/a>\u00a0y la cantidad, e inversamente con el\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el volumen? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-volume-physics\/\">volumen<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>pV = nRT<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>d\u00f3nde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>p<\/em>\u00a0es la presi\u00f3n absoluta del gas<\/li>\n<li><em>n<\/em>\u00a0es la cantidad de sustancia<\/li>\n<li><em>T<\/em>\u00a0es la temperatura absoluta<\/li>\n<li><em>V<\/em>\u00a0es el volumen<\/li>\n<li><em>R<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0es la constante de gas ideal, o universal, igual al producto de la constante de Boltzmann y la constante de Avogadro,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el s\u00edmbolo R es una constante llamada constante de\u00a0<strong>gas universal<\/strong>\u00a0que tiene el mismo valor para todos los gases, es decir, R = 8.31 J \/ mol K.<\/p>\n<p>El proceso isocr\u00f3rico se puede expresar con la ley de los gases ideales como:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-equation-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17465 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-equation-1.png\" alt=\"proceso isocr\u00f3rico - ecuaci\u00f3n 1\" width=\"138\" height=\"52\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-equation-1.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>o<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-equation-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17466 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-equation-2.png\" alt=\"proceso isocr\u00f3rico - ecuaci\u00f3n 2\" width=\"86\" height=\"66\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isochoric-process-equation-2.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>En un\u00a0<strong>diagrama pV<\/strong>\u00a0, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea horizontal que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n V = constante.<\/p>\n<p><strong>El trabajo de presi\u00f3n-volumen<\/strong>\u00a0del sistema cerrado se define como:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png?a34b7f\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17436 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png?a34b7f\" alt=\"trabajo pV - proceso isob\u00e1rico\" width=\"157\" height=\"99\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png?a34b7f\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Como el proceso es\u00a0<strong>isocr\u00f3rico<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<strong><em>dV<\/em>\u00a0= 0<\/strong>\u00a0, el trabajo de\u00a0<strong>presi\u00f3n-volumen es igual a cero<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Seg\u00fan el modelo de gas ideal, la energ\u00eda interna se puede calcular mediante:<\/p>\n<p><em>\u2206U = mc\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2206T<\/em><\/p>\n<p>donde la propiedad\u00a0<strong>c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>v<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0(J \/ mol K)<\/strong>\u00a0se denomina\u00a0<strong>calor espec\u00edfico<\/strong>\u00a0(o\u00a0<strong>capacidad calor\u00edfica<\/strong>\u00a0) a un volumen constante porque, bajo ciertas condiciones especiales (volumen constante), relaciona el cambio de temperatura de un sistema con la cantidad de energ\u00eda agregada por transferencia de calor.<\/p>\n<p>Como no hay trabajo realizado por o sobre el sistema, la\u00a0<strong>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/strong>\u00a0dicta\u00a0<em>\u2206U = \u2206Q.\u00a0<\/em>Por lo tanto:<\/p>\n<p>Q = \u00a0\u00a0<em>mc\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2206T<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<a title=\"Calor espec\u00edfico a volumen constante y presi\u00f3n constante\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/specific-heat-constant-volume-pressure\/\">Calor espec\u00edfico a volumen constante y presi\u00f3n constante<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<a title=\"La relaci\u00f3n de Mayer: f\u00f3rmula de Mayer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/mayers-relation-mayers-formula\/\">f\u00f3rmula de Mayer<\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17463\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isochoric-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17463 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isochoric-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isocr\u00f3rico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"382\" height=\"468\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isochoric-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Proceso isocr\u00f3rico &#8211; caracter\u00edsticas principales<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17321\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17321\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Guy-Lussac-Law.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17321 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Guy-Lussac-Law.png\" alt=\"Ley de Guy-Lussac\" width=\"274\" height=\"301\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Guy-Lussac-Law.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17321\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Para una masa fija de gas a volumen constante, la presi\u00f3n es directamente proporcional a la temperatura Kelvin.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Para un proceso ideal de gas y politr\u00f3pico, el caso n \u279d \u221e corresponde a un proceso isocr\u00f3rico (volumen constante).\u00a0En un diagrama pV, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea horizontal que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n V = constante.\u00a0Ingenieria termal Proceso isoc\u00f3rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal Un\u00a0proceso isocr\u00f3rico\u00a0es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el que &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isoc\u00f3rico? &#8211; Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal &#8211; Diagrama pV &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-diagrama-pv-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isoc\u00f3rico? &#8211; Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal &#8211; Diagrama pV &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isoc\u00f3rico? - Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal - Diagrama pV - Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Para un proceso ideal de gas y politr\u00f3pico, el caso n \u279d \u221e corresponde a un proceso isocr\u00f3rico (volumen constante). 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