{"id":41101,"date":"2019-09-26T00:05:34","date_gmt":"2019-09-25T23:05:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-13T13:18:58","modified_gmt":"2020-01-13T12:18:58","slug":"que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isentr\u00f3pico? Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el cual la entrop\u00eda del fluido o gas permanece constante. Tambi\u00e9n se llama un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante. Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<h2><span>Proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0, en el cual la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><strong><span>entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>del fluido o gas permanece constante.\u00a0Significa que el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es un caso especial de un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en el que no hay transferencia de calor o materia.\u00a0Es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.\u00a0En ingenier\u00eda, un proceso tan idealizado es muy \u00fatil para la comparaci\u00f3n con procesos reales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Dado que hay cambios en\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\"><span>la energ\u00eda interna<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(dU) y cambios en el volumen del sistema (\u2206V), los ingenieros a menudo usan la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><strong><span>entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0del sistema, que se define como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>H = U + pV<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>En muchos an\u00e1lisis termodin\u00e1micos es conveniente utilizar la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>entalp\u00eda en<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0lugar de la energ\u00eda interna.\u00a0Especialmente en el caso de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span>Proceso isentr\u00f3pico y la primera ley<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>La\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"Primera ley en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda dH = dQ + Vdp\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-in-terms-of-enthalpy-dh-dq-vdp\/\"><span>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dH = dQ + Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>o<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dH = TdS + Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17280\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17280\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Process-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17280 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Process-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isentr\u00f3pico - caracter\u00edsticas\" width=\"386\" height=\"609\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Process-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Tabla de caracter\u00edsticas principales<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-primera-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/\"><span>Primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>Ley del gas ideal<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><span>Qu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el t\u00e9rmino\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Vdp<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso de flujo de trabajo.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Este trabajo, Vdp, se utiliza para sistemas de flujo abierto como una turbina o una bomba en la que hay un &#8220;dp&#8221;, es decir, un cambio de presi\u00f3n.\u00a0Como puede verse, esta forma de ley\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>simplifica la descripci\u00f3n de la transferencia de energ\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>En una entrop\u00eda constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, es decir, en un proceso isentr\u00f3pico, el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cambio de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es igual al\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>trabajo del proceso de flujo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0realizado en o por el sistema:<\/span><strong><span>Proceso isentr\u00f3pico (dQ = 0):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dH = Vdp \u2192 W = H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><em><span>C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><em><span>\u00a0(para\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica &#8211; Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un gas ideal?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>En un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, las mol\u00e9culas no tienen volumen y no interact\u00faan.\u00a0Seg\u00fan la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>ley de los gases ideales<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la presi\u00f3n? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\"><span>presi\u00f3n<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0var\u00eda linealmente con la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la temperatura? F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-temperatura-fisica-definicion\/\"><span>temperatura<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0y la cantidad, e inversamente con el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el volumen? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-volume-physics\/\"><span>volumen<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>pV = nRT<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>d\u00f3nde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span>p<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es la presi\u00f3n absoluta del gas<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>n<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es la cantidad de sustancia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>T<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es la temperatura absoluta<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>V<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es el volumen<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>R<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00a0es la constante de gas ideal, o universal, igual al producto de la constante de Boltzmann y la constante de Avogadro,<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el s\u00edmbolo R es una constante llamada constante de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>gas universal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que tiene el mismo valor para todos los gases, es decir, R = 8.31 J \/ mol K.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>El\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(un caso especial de proceso adiab\u00e1tico) se puede expresar con la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ley de los gases ideales<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>pV\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0= constante<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>o<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span>p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0V\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0= p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0V\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>en el que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03ba = c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0es la relaci\u00f3n de los\u00a0<a title=\"Capacidad de calor - Capacidad de calor espec\u00edfica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/heat-capacity\/\"><strong>calores espec\u00edficos<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(o\u00a0<strong>capacidades de calor<\/strong>\u00a0) para el gas.\u00a0Uno para\u00a0<strong>presi\u00f3n constante (c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>p<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0)<\/strong>\u00a0y otro para\u00a0<strong>volumen constante (c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>v<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0)<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Tenga en cuenta que esta relaci\u00f3n\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>= c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>p<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0\/ c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>v<\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0es un factor para determinar la velocidad del sonido en un gas y otros procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Otra relaci\u00f3n p, V, T<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17281 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" alt=\"Relaci\u00f3n p, V, T - proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" width=\"209\" height=\"72\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>En un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diagrama pV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea (llamada\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>adiabat<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p = constante \/ V\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Para un proceso ideal de gas y politr\u00f3pico, el caso\u00a0<\/span><i><span>n = \u03ba\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/strong><span><strong>corresponde a un proceso isoentr\u00f3pico.<\/strong><\/span><i>\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Ejemplo: expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en turbina de gas<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17284\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17284\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-isentropic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17284 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-isentropic-process-300x251.png\" alt=\"Diagrama PV - proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-isentropic-process-300x251.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17284\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagrama PV de una expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica de helio (3 \u2192 4) en una turbina de gas.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Suponga una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de helio (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>3 \u2192 4<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) en una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>turbina de gas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Como el helio se comporta casi como un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, use la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>ley del gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0para calcular la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temperatura<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>salida<\/strong>\u00a0del gas (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, es<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0).\u00a0En estas turbinas, la etapa de alta presi\u00f3n recibe gas (punto 3 en la figura; p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>6.7 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1190 K<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(917 \u00b0 C)) de un intercambiador de calor y lo expulsa a otro intercambiador de calor, donde la presi\u00f3n de salida es p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2.78 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(punto 4)\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Soluci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>La temperatura de salida del gas, T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, se<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0puede calcular utilizando\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p, V, T Relaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para el proceso isentr\u00f3pico (proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible):<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17281 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" alt=\"Relaci\u00f3n p, V, T - proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" width=\"209\" height=\"72\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el factor para helio es igual a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03ba\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>= c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1.66<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0De la ecuaci\u00f3n anterior se deduce que la temperatura de salida del gas,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0, es:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isentropic-process-example.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17283 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isentropic-process-example.png\" alt=\"proceso isentr\u00f3pico - ejemplo\" width=\"503\" height=\"84\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isentropic-process-example.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Ejemplo: expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en turbina de gas<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16843\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16843\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/first-law-example-brayton-cycle.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16843 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/first-law-example-brayton-cycle-300x244.png\" alt=\"primera ley - ejemplo - ciclo de brayton\" width=\"300\" height=\"244\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/first-law-example-brayton-cycle-300x244.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16843\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El ciclo ideal de Brayton consiste en cuatro procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\u00a0Dos procesos isentr\u00f3picos y dos procesos isob\u00e1ricos.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Supongamos el\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ciclo Brayton ideal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0que describe el funcionamiento de un\u00a0\u00a0<strong>motor de calor a\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>presi\u00f3n constante<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<span>\u00a0.\u00a0<strong>Los modernos<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0motores de\u00a0<strong>turbina de gas<\/strong>\u00a0y los motores de\u00a0\u00a0<strong>inyecci\u00f3n de aire<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0tambi\u00e9n siguen el ciclo de Brayton.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>El ciclo ideal de Brayton consiste en cuatro procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\u00a0Dos procesos isentr\u00f3picos y dos procesos isob\u00e1ricos.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><span>Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el aire ambiente ingresa al compresor, donde se presuriza (1 \u2192 2).\u00a0El trabajo requerido para el compresor viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>C<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>adici\u00f3n de calor isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el aire comprimido pasa a trav\u00e9s de una c\u00e1mara de combusti\u00f3n, donde se quema el combustible y se calienta el aire u otro medio (2 \u2192 3).\u00a0Es un proceso de presi\u00f3n constante, ya que la c\u00e1mara est\u00e1 abierta para fluir hacia adentro y hacia afuera.\u00a0El calor neto agregado viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>add<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el aire calentado y presurizado se expande en la turbina y entrega su energ\u00eda.\u00a0El trabajo realizado por la turbina viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>rechazo de calor isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el calor residual debe rechazarse para cerrar el ciclo.\u00a0El calor neto rechazado viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>re<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Como se puede ver, podemos describir y calcular (por ejemplo,\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-eficiencia-termica-definicion\/\"><span>eficiencia t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0) tales ciclos (de manera similar para el\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ciclo de Rankine<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) usando\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><span>entalp\u00edas<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica del ciclo de Brayton\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/thermal-efficiency\/thermal-efficiency-of-brayton-cycle\/\"><span>Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica del ciclo de Brayton<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Procesos isentr\u00f3picos en ciclos termodin\u00e1micos<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>Ciclo ideal de Carnot<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Ciclo ideal de Rankine<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en una bomba<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en una turbina<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Ciclo ideal de Brayton<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en un compresor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en una turbina<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Ciclo ideal de Otto<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Ciclo Diesel Ideal<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Eficiencia isentr\u00f3pica: turbina, compresor, boquilla<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>En cap\u00edtulos anteriores supusimos que la expansi\u00f3n del gas es\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y, por lo tanto, usamos\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, es<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0como la temperatura de salida del gas.\u00a0Estos supuestos solo son aplicables con ciclos ideales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La mayor\u00eda\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>de los dispositivos de flujo constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(turbinas, compresores, boquillas) funcionan en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>condiciones adiab\u00e1ticas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, pero no son realmente isentr\u00f3picos, sino que est\u00e1n idealizados como isentr\u00f3picos para fines de c\u00e1lculo.\u00a0Definimos los par\u00e1metros\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>C<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0, \u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>N<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0como una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>relaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0entre\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>el trabajo real realizado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0por el dispositivo y el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>trabajo del dispositivo cuando se opera en condiciones isentr\u00f3picas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(en el caso de una turbina).\u00a0Esta relaci\u00f3n se conoce como la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eficiencia de turbina isentr\u00f3pica \/ compresor \/ boquilla<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Estos par\u00e1metros describen qu\u00e9 tan eficientemente una turbina, compresor o boquilla se aproxima a un dispositivo isentr\u00f3pico correspondiente.\u00a0Este par\u00e1metro reduce la eficiencia general y el rendimiento del trabajo.\u00a0Para turbinas, el valor de\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0es t\u00edpicamente de 0.7 a 0.9 (70-90%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Efficiency-equations.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17298 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Efficiency-equations.png\" alt=\"Eficiencia isentr\u00f3pica - ecuaciones\" width=\"532\" height=\"357\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Efficiency-equations.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-compression.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-17268 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-compression-274x300.png\" alt=\"Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"274\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-compression-274x300.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17267\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" alt=\"Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un caso especial de procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.\u00a0Es un proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible.\u00a0Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Ejemplo: eficiencia de turbina isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17267\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17267\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" alt=\"Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un caso especial de procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.\u00a0Es un proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible.\u00a0Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Suponga una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de helio (3 \u2192 4) en una turbina de gas.\u00a0En estas turbinas, la etapa de alta presi\u00f3n recibe gas (punto 3 en la figura; p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>6.7 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0; T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1190 K (917 \u00b0 C)) de un intercambiador de calor y lo expulsa a otro intercambiador de calor, donde la presi\u00f3n de salida es p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2.78 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(punto 4)\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>La temperatura (para el proceso isentr\u00f3pico) del gas a la salida de la turbina es T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 839 K (566 \u00b0 C).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Calcule<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0el trabajo realizado por esta turbina y calcule la temperatura real a la salida de la turbina, cuando la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eficiencia de la turbina isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0sea\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0= 0.91 (91%)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Soluci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>A partir de la primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica, el trabajo realizado por la turbina en un proceso isentr\u00f3pico se puede calcular a partir de:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>W\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0= h\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; h\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 W\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>Ts<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><em><span>c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Seg\u00fan la Ley del Gas Ideal, sabemos que el calor espec\u00edfico molar de un gas ideal monoat\u00f3mico es:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= 3 \/ 2R = 12.5 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0y<\/span><strong><em><span>\u00a0C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0+ R = 5 \/ 2R = 20.8 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Transferimos las capacidades de calor espec\u00edficas en unidades de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>J \/ kg K a trav\u00e9s de:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0.\u00a01 \/ M (peso molar de helio) = 20.8 x 4.10\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sup><span>-3<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= 5200 J \/ kg K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>El trabajo realizado por la turbina de gas en el proceso isentr\u00f3pico es entonces:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>W\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T, s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0) = 5200 x (1190 &#8211; 839) = 1.825 MJ \/ kg<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>El trabajo real realizado por la turbina de gas en el proceso adiab\u00e1tico es entonces:<\/span><br \/>\n<strong><em><span>W\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T, real<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0).\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<strong><em><span>= 5200 x (1190 &#8211; 839) x 0.91 = 1.661 MJ \/ kg<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el cual la entrop\u00eda del fluido o gas permanece constante. Tambi\u00e9n se llama un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante. Ingenieria termal Proceso isentr\u00f3pico Un\u00a0proceso isentr\u00f3pico\u00a0es un\u00a0proceso termodin\u00e1mico\u00a0, en el cual la\u00a0entrop\u00edadel fluido o gas permanece constante.\u00a0Significa que el\u00a0proceso isentr\u00f3pico\u00a0es un caso especial de un\u00a0proceso adiab\u00e1tico\u00a0en el que no &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isentr\u00f3pico? Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isentr\u00f3pico? Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso isentr\u00f3pico? Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el cual la entrop\u00eda del fluido o gas permanece constante. Tambi\u00e9n se llama un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante. 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