{"id":41106,"date":"2019-09-26T00:23:43","date_gmt":"2019-09-25T23:23:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-13T13:22:58","modified_gmt":"2020-01-13T12:22:58","slug":"que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso adiab\u00e1tico? Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Un proceso adiab\u00e1tico es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el que no hay transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema (Q = 0).\u00a0El sistema puede considerarse perfectamente aislado.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<h2><span>Proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, en el que no\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>hay transferencia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0dentro o fuera del sistema (Q = 0).\u00a0El sistema puede considerarse\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perfectamente aislado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En un proceso adiab\u00e1tico, la energ\u00eda se transfiere solo como trabajo.\u00a0La suposici\u00f3n de que no hay transferencia de calor es muy importante, ya que podemos usar la aproximaci\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica solo en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>procesos muy r\u00e1pidos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En estos procesos r\u00e1pidos, no hay tiempo suficiente para que la transferencia de energ\u00eda como calor tenga lugar hacia o desde el sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En dispositivos reales (como turbinas, bombas y compresores) se\u00a0producen\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p\u00e9rdidas de calor<\/span><\/strong><span> y p\u00e9rdidas en el proceso de combusti\u00f3n, pero estas p\u00e9rdidas suelen ser bajas en comparaci\u00f3n con el flujo de energ\u00eda general y podemos aproximar algunos procesos termodin\u00e1micos por el proceso adiab\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Proceso adiab\u00e1tico y la primera ley<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Para un sistema cerrado, podemos escribir la\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"Primera ley en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda dH = dQ + Vdp\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-in-terms-of-enthalpy-dh-dq-vdp\/\"><span>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dH = dQ + Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el t\u00e9rmino\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Vdp<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"p\u0394V Work - Trabajo de l\u00edmite y V\u0394p Work\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/p%ce%b4v-work-boundary-work-and-v%ce%b4p-work\/\"><span>proceso de flujo de trabajo<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Este trabajo, Vdp, se utiliza para sistemas de flujo abierto como una turbina o una bomba en la que hay un &#8220;dp&#8221;, es decir, un cambio de presi\u00f3n.\u00a0Como puede verse, esta forma de ley\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>simplifica la descripci\u00f3n de la transferencia de energ\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En el proceso adiab\u00e1tico, el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cambio de entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es igual al\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>trabajo del proceso de flujo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0realizado en o por el sistema:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17354\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17354\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Adiabatic-Process-main-characteristics1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17354 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Adiabatic-Process-main-characteristics1.png\" alt=\"Caracter\u00edsticas principales del proceso adiab\u00e1tico.\" width=\"380\" height=\"564\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Adiabatic-Process-main-characteristics1.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17354\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Caracter\u00edsticas principales del proceso adiab\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-primera-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/\"><span>Primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica.<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>Ley del gas ideal<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><span>Qu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><strong><span>Proceso adiab\u00e1tico (dQ = 0):<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>dH = Vdp \u2192 W = H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><em><span>C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0) \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><em><span>\u00a0(para un\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Expansi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica &#8211; Compresi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un gas ideal?<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>En un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, las mol\u00e9culas no tienen volumen y no interact\u00faan.\u00a0Seg\u00fan la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>ley de los gases ideales<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la presi\u00f3n? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\"><span>presi\u00f3n<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0var\u00eda linealmente con la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la temperatura? F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-temperatura-fisica-definicion\/\"><span>temperatura<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0y la cantidad, e inversamente con el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el volumen? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-volume-physics\/\"><span>volumen<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>pV = nRT<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>d\u00f3nde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span>p<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es la presi\u00f3n absoluta del gas<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>n<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es la cantidad de sustancia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>T<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es la temperatura absoluta<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>V<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0es el volumen<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>R<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00a0es la constante de gas ideal, o universal, igual al producto de la constante de Boltzmann y la constante de Avogadro,<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el s\u00edmbolo R es una constante llamada constante de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>gas universal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que tiene el mismo valor para todos los gases, es decir, R = 8.31 J \/ mol K.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>El\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0se puede expresar con la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ley de los gases ideales<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>pV\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0= constante<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>o<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span>p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0V\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0= p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0V\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>en el que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03ba = c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0es la relaci\u00f3n de los\u00a0<a title=\"Capacidad de calor - Capacidad de calor espec\u00edfica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/heat-capacity\/\"><strong>calores espec\u00edficos<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(o\u00a0<strong>capacidades de calor<\/strong>\u00a0) para el gas.\u00a0Uno para\u00a0<strong>presi\u00f3n constante (c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>p<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0)<\/strong>\u00a0y otro para\u00a0<strong>volumen constante (c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>v<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0)<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Tenga en cuenta que esta relaci\u00f3n\u00a0<strong>\u03ba\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong>= c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>p<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0\/ c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>v<\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0es un factor para determinar la velocidad del sonido en un gas y otros procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Otra relaci\u00f3n p, V, T<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17281 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" alt=\"Relaci\u00f3n p, V, T - proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" width=\"209\" height=\"72\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>En un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diagrama pV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea (llamada\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>adiabat<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p = constante \/ V\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>\u03ba<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Para un proceso ideal de gas y politr\u00f3pico, el caso\u00a0<\/span><i><span>n = \u03ba\u00a0<\/span><\/i><\/strong><span><strong>corresponde a un proceso adiab\u00e1tico.<\/strong><\/span><i>\u00a0\u00a0<\/i><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Ejemplo de expansi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17362\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17362\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-adiabatic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17362 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-adiabatic-process-300x251.png\" alt=\"Diagrama PV - proceso adiab\u00e1tico\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-adiabatic-process-300x251.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17362\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Suponga una expansi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica de helio (3 \u2192 4) en una turbina de gas (ciclo de Brayton).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Suponga una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de helio (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>3 \u2192 4<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) en una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>turbina de gas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Dado que el helio se comporta casi como un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, use la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>ley del gas ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0para calcular la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temperatura<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>salida<\/strong>\u00a0del gas (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, real<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0).\u00a0En estas turbinas, la etapa de alta presi\u00f3n recibe gas (punto 3 en la figura; p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>6.7 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1190 K<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(917 \u00b0 C)) de un intercambiador de calor y lo expulsa a otro intercambiador de calor, donde la presi\u00f3n de salida es p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2.78 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(punto 4)\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Soluci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>La temperatura de salida del gas, T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, real<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0, puede calcularse utilizando la relaci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p, V, T<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para el proceso adiab\u00e1tico.\u00a0Tenga en cuenta que, es la misma relaci\u00f3n que para el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, por lo tanto, los resultados deben ser id\u00e9nticos.\u00a0En este caso, calculamos la expansi\u00f3n para diferentes turbinas de gas (menos eficientes) como en el caso de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica en la turbina de gas.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17281 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" alt=\"Relaci\u00f3n p, V, T - proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" width=\"209\" height=\"72\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pVT-relation-isentropic-process.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el factor para helio es igual a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03ba\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>= c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ c\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1.66<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0De la ecuaci\u00f3n anterior se deduce que la temperatura de salida del gas,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, real<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0, es:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/adiabatic-process-example.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17307 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/adiabatic-process-example.png\" alt=\"proceso adiab\u00e1tico - ejemplo\" width=\"518\" height=\"80\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/adiabatic-process-example.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"La relaci\u00f3n de Mayer: f\u00f3rmula de Mayer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/mayers-relation-mayers-formula\/\"><strong><span>relaci\u00f3n de Mayer<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso adiab\u00e1tico en turbina de gas<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16843\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16843\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/first-law-example-brayton-cycle.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16843 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/first-law-example-brayton-cycle-300x244.png\" alt=\"primera ley - ejemplo - ciclo de brayton\" width=\"300\" height=\"244\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/first-law-example-brayton-cycle-300x244.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16843\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El ciclo ideal de Brayton consiste en cuatro procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\u00a0Dos procesos isentr\u00f3picos y dos procesos isob\u00e1ricos.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Supongamos el\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ciclo de Brayton<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0que describe el funcionamiento de un\u00a0\u00a0<strong>motor t\u00e9rmico a\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>presi\u00f3n constante<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<span>\u00a0.\u00a0<strong>Los modernos<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0motores de\u00a0<strong>turbina de gas<\/strong>\u00a0y los motores de\u00a0\u00a0<strong>inyecci\u00f3n de aire<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0tambi\u00e9n siguen el ciclo de Brayton.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>El ciclo de Brayton consta de cuatro procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\u00a0Dos procesos adiab\u00e1ticos y dos procesos isob\u00e1ricos.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><span>Compresi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el aire ambiente ingresa al compresor, donde se presuriza (1 \u2192 2).\u00a0El trabajo requerido para el compresor viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>C<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>adici\u00f3n de calor isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el aire comprimido pasa a trav\u00e9s de una c\u00e1mara de combusti\u00f3n, donde se quema el combustible y se calienta el aire u otro medio (2 \u2192 3).\u00a0Es un proceso de presi\u00f3n constante, ya que la c\u00e1mara est\u00e1 abierta para fluir hacia adentro y hacia afuera.\u00a0El calor neto agregado viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>add<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Expansi\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el aire calentado y presurizado se expande en la turbina y abandona su energ\u00eda.\u00a0El trabajo realizado por la turbina viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>rechazo de calor isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0: el calor residual debe rechazarse para cerrar el ciclo.\u00a0El calor neto rechazado viene dado por\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>re<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00a0= H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4\u00a0<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0&#8211; H\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Como se puede ver, podemos describir y calcular (por ejemplo,\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-eficiencia-termica-definicion\/\"><span>eficiencia t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0) tales ciclos (de manera similar para el\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ciclo de Rankine<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) usando\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><span>entalp\u00edas<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica del ciclo de Brayton\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/thermal-efficiency\/thermal-efficiency-of-brayton-cycle\/\"><span>Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica del ciclo de Brayton<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Eficiencia isentr\u00f3pica: turbina, compresor, boquilla<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>En cap\u00edtulos anteriores supusimos que la expansi\u00f3n del gas es\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y, por lo tanto, usamos\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4, es<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0como la temperatura de salida del gas.\u00a0Estos supuestos solo son aplicables con ciclos ideales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La mayor\u00eda\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>de los dispositivos de flujo constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(turbinas, compresores, boquillas) funcionan en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>condiciones adiab\u00e1ticas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, pero no son realmente isentr\u00f3picos, sino que est\u00e1n idealizados como isentr\u00f3picos para fines de c\u00e1lculo.\u00a0Definimos los par\u00e1metros\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>C<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0, \u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>N<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0,<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0como una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>relaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0entre\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>el trabajo real realizado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0por el dispositivo y el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>trabajo del dispositivo cuando se opera en condiciones isentr\u00f3picas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(en el caso de una turbina).\u00a0Esta relaci\u00f3n se conoce como la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eficiencia de turbina isentr\u00f3pica \/ compresor \/ boquilla<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Estos par\u00e1metros describen qu\u00e9 tan eficientemente una turbina, compresor o boquilla se aproxima a un dispositivo isentr\u00f3pico correspondiente.\u00a0Este par\u00e1metro reduce la eficiencia general y el rendimiento del trabajo.\u00a0Para turbinas, el valor de\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0es t\u00edpicamente de 0.7 a 0.9 (70-90%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Efficiency-equations.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17298 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Efficiency-equations.png\" alt=\"Eficiencia isentr\u00f3pica - ecuaciones\" width=\"532\" height=\"357\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Efficiency-equations.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-compression.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-17268 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-compression-274x300.png\" alt=\"Compresi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"274\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-compression-274x300.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17267\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" alt=\"Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un caso especial de procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.\u00a0Es un proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible.\u00a0Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Ejemplo: eficiencia de turbina isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17267\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17267\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" alt=\"Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un caso especial de procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.\u00a0Es un proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible.\u00a0Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Suponga una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de helio (3 \u2192 4) en una turbina de gas.\u00a0En estas turbinas, la etapa de alta presi\u00f3n recibe gas (punto 3 en la figura; p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>6.7 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0; T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1190 K (917 \u00b0 C)) de un intercambiador de calor y lo expulsa a otro intercambiador de calor, donde la presi\u00f3n de salida es p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2.78 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(punto 4)\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>La temperatura (para el proceso isentr\u00f3pico) del gas a la salida de la turbina es T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 839 K (566 \u00b0 C).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Calcule<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0el trabajo realizado por esta turbina y calcule la temperatura real a la salida de la turbina, cuando la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eficiencia de la turbina isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0sea\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0= 0.91 (91%)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Soluci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>A partir de la primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica, el trabajo realizado por la turbina en un proceso isentr\u00f3pico se puede calcular a partir de:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>W\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0= h\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; h\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u2192 W\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>Ts<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><em><span>c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Seg\u00fan la Ley del Gas Ideal, sabemos que el calor espec\u00edfico molar de un gas ideal monoat\u00f3mico es:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= 3 \/ 2R = 12.5 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0y<\/span><strong><em><span>\u00a0C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0+ R = 5 \/ 2R = 20.8 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Transferimos las capacidades de calor espec\u00edficas en unidades de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>J \/ kg K a trav\u00e9s de:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= C\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0.\u00a01 \/ M (peso molar de helio) = 20.8 x 4.10\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sup><span>-3<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= 5200 J \/ kg K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>El trabajo realizado por la turbina de gas en el proceso isentr\u00f3pico es entonces:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>W\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T, s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0) = 5200 x (1190 &#8211; 839) = 1.825 MJ \/ kg<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>El trabajo real realizado por la turbina de gas en el proceso adiab\u00e1tico es entonces:<\/span><br \/>\n<strong><em><span>W\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T, real<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0(T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>3<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0&#8211; T\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>4s<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0).\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<strong><em><span>= 5200 x (1190 &#8211; 839) x 0.91 = 1.661 MJ \/ kg<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Expansi\u00f3n Gratis &#8211; Expansi\u00f3n Joule<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Estos son\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>procesos adiab\u00e1ticos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en los que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>no se<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0produce\u00a0<strong>transferencia de calor<\/strong>\u00a0entre el sistema y su entorno y\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>no se realiza ning\u00fan trabajo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en el sistema.\u00a0Estos tipos de procesos adiab\u00e1ticos se denominan\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n libre<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso irreversible<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en el que un gas se expande en una c\u00e1mara de evacuaci\u00f3n aislada.\u00a0Tambi\u00e9n se llama\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>expansi\u00f3n Joule<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Para un gas ideal, la temperatura no cambia (ver:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Segunda ley de Joule\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/joules-second-law\/\"><span>Segunda Ley de Joule<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0), sin embargo, los gases reales experimentan un cambio de temperatura durante la expansi\u00f3n libre.\u00a0En expansi\u00f3n libre, Q = W = 0, y la primera ley requiere que:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>dE\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>int<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0= 0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>No se puede trazar una expansi\u00f3n libre en un diagrama PV, porque el proceso es r\u00e1pido, no cuasiest\u00e1tico.\u00a0Los estados intermedios no son estados de equilibrio y, por lo tanto, la presi\u00f3n no est\u00e1 claramente definida.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un proceso adiab\u00e1tico es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el que no hay transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema (Q = 0).\u00a0El sistema puede considerarse perfectamente aislado.\u00a0Ingenieria termal Proceso adiab\u00e1tico Un\u00a0proceso adiab\u00e1tico\u00a0es un\u00a0proceso termodin\u00e1mico\u00a0, en el que no\u00a0hay transferencia de calor\u00a0dentro o fuera del sistema (Q = 0).\u00a0El sistema puede considerarse\u00a0perfectamente aislado\u00a0.\u00a0En un proceso &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso adiab\u00e1tico? Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso adiab\u00e1tico? Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso adiab\u00e1tico? Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un proceso adiab\u00e1tico es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el que no hay transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema (Q = 0). El sistema puede considerarse perfectamente aislado. 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