{"id":41199,"date":"2019-09-26T06:58:44","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T05:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-la-entropia-y-la-segunda-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-13T17:00:26","modified_gmt":"2020-01-13T16:00:26","slug":"que-es-la-entropia-y-la-segunda-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-entropia-y-la-segunda-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica? &#8211; Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">La entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica.\u00a0La entrop\u00eda se relaciona con la segunda ley, ya que la segunda ley predice que debe producirse cierto rechazo de calor en ciclo cerrado.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Diversas declaraciones de la ley<\/h2>\n<p>La\u00a0<strong>segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/strong>\u00a0se puede expresar de muchas maneras espec\u00edficas.\u00a0Cada declaraci\u00f3n expresa la misma ley.\u00a0A continuaci\u00f3n se enumeran tres que a menudo se encuentran.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Declaraci\u00f3n de Clausius de la segunda ley\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/second-law-of-thermodynamics\/clausius-statement-of-the-second-law\/\">Declaraci\u00f3n de Clausius<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Declaraci\u00f3n de Kelvin-Planck de la Segunda Ley\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/second-law-of-thermodynamics\/kelvin-planck-statement-of-the-second-law\/\">Declaraci\u00f3n de Kelvin-Planck<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"La entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/second-law-of-thermodynamics\/entropy-and-the-second-law-of-thermodynamics\/\">La entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Antes de estas declaraciones, debemos recordar el trabajo de\u00a0\u00a0<strong>un ingeniero y f\u00edsico franc\u00e9s,\u00a0<b>Nicolas L\u00e9onard Sadi Carnot\u00a0<\/b>avanz\u00f3 el estudio de la segunda ley formando un principio (\u00a0tambi\u00e9n llamado\u00a0<b>la regla de Carnot\u00a0<\/b>) que especifica los l\u00edmites de la m\u00e1xima eficiencia que cualquier motor t\u00e9rmico puede obtener .<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span>La entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16713\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Entropy-T-s-Diagram.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16713 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Entropy-T-s-Diagram-300x273.png\" alt=\"Diagrama ts de un ciclo termodin\u00e1mico\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Entropy-T-s-Diagram-300x273.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16713\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagrama Ts del ciclo de Rankine<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Una consecuencia de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es el desarrollo de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>propiedad f\u00edsica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de la materia, que se conoce como\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><strong><span>entrop\u00eda (S)<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0El cambio en esta propiedad se utiliza para determinar la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>direcci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en la que proceder\u00e1 un proceso determinado.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>La entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0cuantifica la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energ\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de una sustancia que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ya no est\u00e1 disponible para realizar un trabajo \u00fatil<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Esto se relaciona con la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>segunda ley,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ya que la segunda ley predice que no todo el calor proporcionado a un ciclo puede transformarse en una cantidad igual de trabajo, debe producirse un cierto rechazo de calor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><span>entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Seg\u00fan Clausius, la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0se defini\u00f3 mediante el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cambio en la entrop\u00eda S<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de un sistema.\u00a0El cambio en la entrop\u00eda S, cuando se le agrega una cantidad de calor Q mediante un proceso reversible a temperatura constante, viene dado por:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Entropy-Equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16710 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Entropy-Equation.png\" alt=\"Entrop\u00eda- Ecuaci\u00f3n\" width=\"102\" height=\"74\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Entropy-Equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Aqu\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es la energ\u00eda transferida como\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Calor en termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-calor-en-la-fisica-calor-definicion\/\"><strong><span>calor<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0hacia o desde el sistema durante el proceso, y\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es la\u00a0<strong><a title=\"What is Temperature \u2013 Physics\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-temperatura-fisica-definicion\/\">temperatura<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0del sistema en\u00a0<a title=\"Kelvin Scale \u2013 Absolute Temperature\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-temperature-physics\/kelvin-scale-absolute-temperature\/\">grados Kelvin<\/a>\u00a0durante el proceso.\u00a0La unidad SI de la entrop\u00eda es\u00a0<strong>J \/ K<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0tambi\u00e9n se puede expresar como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u2206S\u22650<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para un ciclo cerrado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En palabras:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>La entrop\u00eda de cualquier sistema aislado nunca disminuye.\u00a0En un proceso termodin\u00e1mico natural, aumenta la suma de las entrop\u00edas de los sistemas termodin\u00e1micos que interact\u00faan.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>\u2265S\u22650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Debido a que la entrop\u00eda dice mucho acerca de la utilidad de una cantidad de calor transferida en la realizaci\u00f3n del trabajo, las\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Tablas de vapor: propiedades espec\u00edficas del agua y el vapor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/steam-tables\/\"><span>tablas de vapor<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0incluyen valores de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Entrop\u00eda Espec\u00edfica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/specific-entropy\/\"><span>entrop\u00eda espec\u00edfica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(s = S \/ m) como parte de la informaci\u00f3n tabulada.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica.\u00a0La entrop\u00eda se relaciona con la segunda ley, ya que la segunda ley predice que debe producirse cierto rechazo de calor en ciclo cerrado.\u00a0Ingenieria termal Diversas declaraciones de la ley La\u00a0segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica\u00a0se puede expresar de muchas maneras espec\u00edficas.\u00a0Cada declaraci\u00f3n expresa la misma ley.\u00a0A continuaci\u00f3n &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica? &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-entropia-y-la-segunda-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica? &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica? - Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La entrop\u00eda y la segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica. 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