{"id":41247,"date":"2019-09-26T10:47:27","date_gmt":"2019-09-26T09:47:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-calor-especifico-a-volumen-y-presion-constantes-definicion\/"},"modified":"2019-09-26T10:47:27","modified_gmt":"2019-09-26T09:47:27","slug":"que-es-el-calor-especifico-a-volumen-y-presion-constantes-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-calor-especifico-a-volumen-y-presion-constantes-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el calor espec\u00edfico a volumen y presi\u00f3n constantes? Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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El calor espec\u00edfico es una propiedad relacionada con la energ\u00eda interna que es muy importante en termodin\u00e1mica.\u00a0Las propiedades intensivas cv y cp se definen para sustancias compresibles puras y simples.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Calor espec\u00edfico a volumen constante y presi\u00f3n constante<\/span><\/h2>\n

El calor espec\u00edfico<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0es una propiedad relacionada con\u00a0<\/span>la energ\u00eda interna<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0que es muy importante en termodin\u00e1mica.\u00a0Las\u00a0<\/span>propiedades intensivas\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0se definen para sustancias compresibles puras y simples como derivadas parciales de la\u00a0<\/span>energ\u00eda interna\u00a0<\/span>u (T, v)<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span>entalp\u00eda\u00a0<\/span>h (T, p)<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, respectivamente:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Calor<\/a><\/p>\n

donde los sub\u00edndices\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0denotan las variables mantenidas fijas durante la diferenciaci\u00f3n.\u00a0Las propiedades\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0<\/strong>y\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0se denominan\u00a0<\/span>calores espec\u00edficos<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(o\u00a0<\/span>capacidades de calor<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0) porque en ciertas condiciones especiales relacionan el cambio de temperatura de un sistema con la cantidad de energ\u00eda agregada por transferencia de calor.\u00a0Sus unidades SI son\u00a0<\/span>J \/ kg K<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0o\u00a0<\/span>J \/ mol K<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Se definen dos calores espec\u00edficos para gases, uno para\u00a0<\/span>volumen constante (c\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0y otro para\u00a0<\/span>presi\u00f3n constante (c\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Calor<\/a>Seg\u00fan la\u00a0<\/span>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, para un proceso de volumen constante con un gas ideal monoat\u00f3mico, el calor espec\u00edfico molar ser\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0= 3 \/ 2R = 12.5 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

porque<\/span><\/p>\n

U = 3 \/ 2nRT<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Se puede deducir que el\u00a0<\/span>calor espec\u00edfico molar<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0a presi\u00f3n constante es:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0= C\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0+ R = 5 \/ 2R = 20.8 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Este\u00a0<\/span>C\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0es mayor que el calor espec\u00edfico molar a volumen constante\u00a0<\/span>C\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, porque ahora se debe suministrar energ\u00eda\u00a0<\/span>no solo<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0para\u00a0<\/span>elevar la temperatura<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0del gas sino tambi\u00e9n para que el\u00a0<\/span>gas funcione<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0porque en este caso el volumen cambia.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El calor espec\u00edfico es una propiedad relacionada con la energ\u00eda interna que es muy importante en termodin\u00e1mica.\u00a0Las propiedades intensivas cv y cp se definen para sustancias compresibles puras y simples.\u00a0Ingenieria termal Calor espec\u00edfico a volumen constante y presi\u00f3n constante El calor espec\u00edfico\u00a0es una propiedad relacionada con\u00a0la energ\u00eda interna\u00a0que es muy importante en termodin\u00e1mica.\u00a0Las\u00a0propiedades intensivas\u00a0c\u00a0v\u00a0y\u00a0c\u00a0p\u00a0se definen … Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el calor espec\u00edfico a volumen y presi\u00f3n constantes? 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