{"id":41414,"date":"2019-09-27T01:53:00","date_gmt":"2019-09-27T00:53:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-un-ejemplo-de-energia-cinetica-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-14T16:56:05","modified_gmt":"2020-01-14T15:56:05","slug":"que-es-un-ejemplo-de-energia-cinetica-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-un-ejemplo-de-energia-cinetica-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"El ejemplo de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica &#8211; Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Ejemplos de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica.\u00a0La energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica depende de la velocidad de un objeto y es la capacidad de un objeto en movimiento para trabajar en otros objetos.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica?<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-15713 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum.png\" alt=\"conservaci\u00f3n de p\u00e9ndulo de energ\u00eda mec\u00e1nica\" width=\"282\" height=\"214\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>La energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica,\u00a0<em>K<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, se define como la energ\u00eda almacenada en un objeto debido a su movimiento.\u00a0Un objeto en movimiento tiene la capacidad de hacer trabajo y, por lo tanto, se puede decir que tiene energ\u00eda.\u00a0Se llama energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica, de la palabra griega kinetikos, que significa &#8220;movimiento&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>La\u00a0<strong>energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica<\/strong>\u00a0depende de la velocidad de un objeto y es la capacidad de un objeto en movimiento para trabajar en otros objetos cuando choca con ellos.\u00a0Por otro lado, la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica de un objeto representa la cantidad de energ\u00eda requerida para aumentar la velocidad del objeto desde el reposo (v = 0) hasta su velocidad final.\u00a0La energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica tambi\u00e9n depende linealmente de la masa, que es una medida num\u00e9rica de la\u00a0<strong>inercia<\/strong>\u00a0del objeto\u00a0y la medida de la resistencia de un objeto a la aceleraci\u00f3n cuando se aplica una fuerza.<\/p>\n<p>Definimos la cantidad:<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>K = \u00bd mv\u00a0<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>ser la\u00a0<strong>energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica traslacional<\/strong>\u00a0del objeto.\u00a0Debe agregarse, se llama energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica &#8220;traslacional&#8221; para distinguirla de la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica rotacional.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Ejemplos de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica.<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>+ Energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica de fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n.<\/span><\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Como se puede ver cuando el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Reacciones de n\u00facleo compuesto\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/nuclear-engineering-fundamentals\/neutron-nuclear-reactions\/compound-nucleus-reactions\/\"><span>n\u00facleo compuesto se<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0divide, se divide en dos\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/fission\/fission-fragments\/\"><span>fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En la mayor\u00eda de los casos, los fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n resultantes tienen masas que var\u00edan ampliamente, pero el par m\u00e1s probable de fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n para la\u00a0fisi\u00f3n inducida por\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Neutrones t\u00e9rmicos\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutron\/thermal-neutron\/\"><span>neutrones t\u00e9rmicos<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0del\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Uranio 235\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-fuel\/uranium\/uranium-235\/\"><sup><span>235<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0U<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0tiene masas de aproximadamente 94 y 139.<\/span><strong><span>La mayor parte de la energ\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0producida durante la fisi\u00f3n (aproximadamente el 80% o aproximadamente 170 MeV o aproximadamente 27 picojulios) aparece como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica de los fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Los\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Interacci\u00f3n de part\u00edculas cargadas pesadas con materia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/interaction-radiation-matter\/interaction-heavy-charged-particles\/\"><span>fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n interact\u00faan fuertemente<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(intensamente) con los \u00e1tomos o mol\u00e9culas circundantes que viajan a alta velocidad,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>haciendo que se ionicen<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0La creaci\u00f3n de pares de iones requiere energ\u00eda, que se pierde de la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica del fragmento de fisi\u00f3n cargado que hace que se desacelere.\u00a0Los iones positivos y los electrones libres creados por el paso del fragmento de fisi\u00f3n cargado se reunir\u00e1n y liberar\u00e1n energ\u00eda\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>en forma de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(por ejemplo, energ\u00eda vibratoria o energ\u00eda rotacional de los \u00e1tomos).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>El rango de estas part\u00edculas masivas y altamente cargadas en el combustible es\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>del orden de micr\u00f3metros<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, de modo que la energ\u00eda de retroceso se deposita efectivamente como calor en el punto de fisi\u00f3n.\u00a0Este es el principio de c\u00f3mo los fragmentos de fisi\u00f3n calientan el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Combustible nuclear\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-fuel\/\"><span>combustible<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0en\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"N\u00facleo del reactor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reactor-physics.com\/what-is-reactor-core-definition\/\"><span>el n\u00facleo del reactor<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Interacci\u00f3n de part\u00edculas cargadas pesadas con materia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/interaction-radiation-matter\/interaction-heavy-charged-particles\/\"><span>interacci\u00f3n de part\u00edculas cargadas pesadas con materia<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>+ Energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica de neutrones r\u00e1pidos<\/span><\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><strong><a title=\"Neutrones r\u00e1pidos\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/fission\/prompt-neutrons\/\"><span>Los neutrones r\u00e1pidos<\/span><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0se emiten directamente de la fisi\u00f3n y se emiten en un tiempo muy corto de<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0aproximadamente\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>10-14<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0segundos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Por lo general, m\u00e1s del<\/span><strong><span>\u00a099 por ciento<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de los neutrones de fisi\u00f3n son los<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0neutrones r\u00e1pidos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, pero la fracci\u00f3n exacta depende del nucleido a ser fisionado y tambi\u00e9n depende de una energ\u00eda de neutrones incidente (generalmente aumenta con la energ\u00eda).<\/span><span>Por ejemplo, una fisi\u00f3n de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Uranio 235\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-fuel\/uranium\/uranium-235\/\"><sup><span>235<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0U<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0por\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Neutrones t\u00e9rmicos\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutron\/thermal-neutron\/\"><span>neutrones t\u00e9rmicos<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0produce\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2.43 neutrones<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, de los cuales\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2.42 neutrones son los neutrones r\u00e1pidos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y 0.01585 neutrones (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>0.01585 \/ 2.43 = 0.0065 = \u00df<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) son\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Neutrones Retrasados\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/fission\/delayed-neutrons\/\"><span>los neutrones retardados<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Casi todos los neutrones de fisi\u00f3n inmediata tienen energ\u00edas entre\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>0.1 MeV y 10 MeV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0La energ\u00eda neutr\u00f3nica media es de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aproximadamente 2 MeV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0La energ\u00eda de neutrones m\u00e1s probable es de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aproximadamente 0,7 MeV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La mayor parte de esta energ\u00eda se deposita en el refrigerante (\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Moderador de neutrones\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/neutron-moderator\/\"><span>moderador<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0), porque el agua tiene la mayor\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Potencia de ralentizaci\u00f3n macrosc\u00f3pica - MSDP\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/glossary\/macroscopic-slowing-down-power-msdp\/\"><span>potencia de desaceleraci\u00f3n macrosc\u00f3pica (MSDP)<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0de los materiales que se encuentran en el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"N\u00facleo del reactor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reactor-physics.com\/what-is-reactor-core-definition\/\"><span>n\u00facleo del reactor<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"PWR - Reactor de agua a presi\u00f3n\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/pwr-pressurized-water-reactor\/\"><span>PWR<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0).\u00a0<\/span><span>El rango de neutrones en un reactor depende en gran medida de cierto tipo de reactor, en el caso de los PWR generalmente es del orden de cent\u00edmetros.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>+ Energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica en colisi\u00f3n nuclear el\u00e1stica<\/span><\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><strong><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Neutr\u00f3n\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutron\/\"><span>neutr\u00f3n<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(n)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de masa\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>1.01 u que<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0viaja con una velocidad de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>3.60 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>4<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m \/ s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0interact\u00faa con un\u00a0n\u00facleo de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>carbono (C)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>m\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>C<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 12.00 u<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) inicialmente en reposo en una\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Colisiones el\u00e1sticas\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/laws-of-conservation\/law-of-conservation-of-energy\/elastic-collisions\/\"><strong><span>colisi\u00f3n frontal el\u00e1stica<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><span>\u00bfCu\u00e1les son las velocidades del n\u00facleo de neutrones y carbono despu\u00e9s de la colisi\u00f3n?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Soluci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Esta es una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>colisi\u00f3n frontal el\u00e1stica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de dos objetos con\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>masas desiguales<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Tenemos que usar las leyes de conservaci\u00f3n del momento y de la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica, y aplicarlas a nuestro sistema de dos part\u00edculas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservation-laws-elastic-collisions.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15743 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservation-laws-elastic-collisions.png\" alt=\"leyes de conservaci\u00f3n-colisiones el\u00e1sticas\" width=\"337\" height=\"259\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservation-laws-elastic-collisions.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Podemos resolver este sistema de ecuaciones o podemos usar la ecuaci\u00f3n derivada en la secci\u00f3n anterior.\u00a0Esta ecuaci\u00f3n establece que la velocidad relativa de los dos objetos despu\u00e9s de la colisi\u00f3n tiene la misma magnitud (pero direcci\u00f3n opuesta) que antes de la colisi\u00f3n, sin importar cu\u00e1les sean las masas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/solution-elastic-collision.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15744 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/solution-elastic-collision.png\" alt=\"soluci\u00f3n-colisi\u00f3n el\u00e1stica\" width=\"446\" height=\"357\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/solution-elastic-collision.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>El signo menos para v &#8216;nos dice que el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>neutr\u00f3n se dispersa hacia atr\u00e1s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0del n\u00facleo de carbono, porque el n\u00facleo de carbono es significativamente m\u00e1s pesado.\u00a0Por otro lado,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>su velocidad es menor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que su velocidad inicial.\u00a0Este proceso se conoce como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>moderaci\u00f3n de neutrones<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y depende significativamente de la masa de n\u00facleos moderadores.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Bloque desliz\u00e1ndose por una pendiente inclinada sin fricci\u00f3n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>El bloque de 1 kg comienza a una altura H (digamos 1 m) sobre el suelo, con\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energ\u00eda potencial\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>mgH<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que es igual a 0. Se desliza hacia el suelo (sin fricci\u00f3n) y llega sin energ\u00eda potencial y energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>K = \u00bd mv\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Calcule la velocidad del bloque en el suelo y su energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>E\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>mech<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= U + K = constante<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>=&gt; \u00bd mv\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= mgH<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>=&gt; v = \u221a2gH = 4.43 m \/ s<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>=&gt; K\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= \u00bd x 1 kg x (4.43 m \/ s)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= 19.62 kg.m\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0.s\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sup><span>-2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><span>\u00a0= 19.62 J<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>P\u00e9ndulo<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-15713 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum.png\" alt=\"conservaci\u00f3n de p\u00e9ndulo de energ\u00eda mec\u00e1nica\" width=\"282\" height=\"214\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum.png\" \/><\/a><span>Suponga un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p\u00e9ndulo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(bola de masa m suspendida en una cuerda de longitud\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>L<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que hemos levantado para que la bola est\u00e9 a una altura\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>H &lt;L por<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0encima de su punto m\u00e1s bajo en el arco de su movimiento de cuerda estirada. El p\u00e9ndulo est\u00e1 sujeto al\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>conservador fuerza gravitacional<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0donde las fuerzas de fricci\u00f3n como el arrastre de aire y la fricci\u00f3n en el pivote son insignificantes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Lo liberamos del reposo.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00bfQu\u00e9 tan r\u00e1pido va en la parte inferior?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15714 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum2.png\" alt=\"conservaci\u00f3n de p\u00e9ndulo de energ\u00eda mec\u00e1nica2\" width=\"322\" height=\"115\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/conservartion-of-mechanical-energy-pendulum2.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>El p\u00e9ndulo alcanza la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>mayor energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>menor energ\u00eda potencial<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0cuando est\u00e1 en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>posici\u00f3n vertical<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, porque tendr\u00e1 la mayor velocidad y estar\u00e1 m\u00e1s cerca de la Tierra en este punto.\u00a0Por otro lado, tendr\u00e1 la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>menor energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>mayor energ\u00eda potencial<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en las\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>posiciones extremas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de su oscilaci\u00f3n, porque tiene velocidad cero y est\u00e1 m\u00e1s lejos de la Tierra en estos puntos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Si la amplitud se limita a peque\u00f1as oscilaciones, el per\u00edodo\u00a0<\/span><em><span>T<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0de un p\u00e9ndulo simple, el tiempo necesario para un ciclo completo, es:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/period-of-pendulum-conservation-of-energy.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15715 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/period-of-pendulum-conservation-of-energy.png\" alt=\"per\u00edodo-de-p\u00e9ndulo-conservaci\u00f3n-de-energ\u00eda\" width=\"252\" height=\"77\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/period-of-pendulum-conservation-of-energy.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>donde\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>L<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0es la longitud del p\u00e9ndulo\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>yg<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0es la aceleraci\u00f3n local de la gravedad.\u00a0Para columpios peque\u00f1os, el per\u00edodo de columpio es aproximadamente el mismo para columpios de diferentes tama\u00f1os.\u00a0Es decir,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>el per\u00edodo es independiente de la amplitud<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Ejemplo: energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica de prot\u00f3n<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/what-is-proton-physics-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-16556 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/what-is-proton-physics-min-300x300.png\" alt=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el prot\u00f3n?\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/what-is-proton-physics-min-300x300.png\" \/><\/a><span>Un prot\u00f3n (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>m = 1.67 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>-27<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0kg<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) viaja a una velocidad\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>v = 0.9900c = 2.968 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>8<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m \/ s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00bfCu\u00e1l es su\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Seg\u00fan un c\u00e1lculo cl\u00e1sico, que no es correcto, obtendr\u00edamos:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>K = 1 \/ 2mV\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0= \u00bd x (1,67 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>-27<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0kg) x (2.968 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>8<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m \/ s)\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>7,355 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>-11<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0J<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Con la correcci\u00f3n\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>relativista, la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica relativista<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es igual a:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>K = (\u0263 &#8211; 1) mc\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>donde el factor de Lorentz<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u0263 = 7.089<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>por lo tanto<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>K = 6.089 x (1.67 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>-27<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0kg) x (2.9979 x 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>8<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m \/ s)\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>9.139 x\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>10-10<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0J = 5.701 GeV<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Esto es aproximadamente\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>12 veces m\u00e1s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0energ\u00eda que en el c\u00e1lculo cl\u00e1sico.\u00a0De acuerdo con esta relaci\u00f3n, una aceleraci\u00f3n de un haz de protones a 5.7 GeV requiere energ\u00edas que son diferentes en el orden.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ejemplos de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica.\u00a0La energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica depende de la velocidad de un objeto y es la capacidad de un objeto en movimiento para trabajar en otros objetos.\u00a0Ingenieria termal \u00bfQu\u00e9 es la energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica? La energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica,\u00a0K\u00a0, se define como la energ\u00eda almacenada en un objeto debido a su movimiento.\u00a0Un objeto en movimiento tiene la capacidad &#8230; <a title=\"El ejemplo de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-un-ejemplo-de-energia-cinetica-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en El ejemplo de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>El ejemplo de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica - Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ejemplos de energ\u00eda cin\u00e9tica. 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