{"id":41813,"date":"2019-09-30T07:01:22","date_gmt":"2019-09-30T06:01:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-la-fraccion-vacia-flujo-de-dos-fases-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-20T14:33:56","modified_gmt":"2020-01-20T13:33:56","slug":"que-es-la-fraccion-vacia-flujo-de-dos-fases-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-fraccion-vacia-flujo-de-dos-fases-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda? Flujo de dos fases: definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">La fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda, \u03b1, es uno de los par\u00e1metros m\u00e1s importantes utilizados para caracterizar el flujo de fluido en dos fases, especialmente el flujo de gas-l\u00edquido.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Par\u00e1metros b\u00e1sicos de flujo de fluido bif\u00e1sico<\/h2>\n<p>En esta secci\u00f3n consideraremos el flujo simult\u00e1neo de\u00a0<strong>gas (o vapor) y agua l\u00edquida<\/strong>\u00a0(como se encuentra en\u00a0<a title=\"Generador de vapor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/steam-generator\/\">generadores<\/a>\u00a0y condensadores de\u00a0<a title=\"Generador de vapor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/steam-generator\/\">vapor<\/a>\u00a0) en flujo concurrente a trav\u00e9s de un conducto con \u00e1rea de secci\u00f3n transversal A. Los sub\u00edndices\u00a0<strong>\u201cv\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<strong>\u201c\u2113\u201d<\/strong>\u00a0indican la\u00a0<strong>fase de vapor<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<strong>l\u00edquida<\/strong>\u00a0, respectivamente.\u00a0Los par\u00e1metros fundamentales que caracterizan este flujo son:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda: flujo bif\u00e1sico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/void-fraction-two-phase-flow\/\"><strong>Fracci\u00f3n nula<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Calidad est\u00e1tica - Calidad de flujo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/static-quality-flow-quality\/\"><strong>Calidad est\u00e1tica<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Calidad est\u00e1tica - Calidad de flujo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/static-quality-flow-quality\/\"><strong>Calidad de flujo<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Densidad de la mezcla: flujo bif\u00e1sico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/mixture-density-two-phase-flow\/\"><strong>Densidad de mezcla<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Relaci\u00f3n de deslizamiento - Relaci\u00f3n de velocidad\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/slip-ratio-velocity-ratio\/\"><strong>Relaci\u00f3n de deslizamiento &#8211; Relaci\u00f3n de velocidad<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Velocidad superficial: flujo bif\u00e1sico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/two-phase-fluid-flow\/superficial-velocity-two-phase-flow\/\"><strong>Velocidad superficial<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Fracci\u00f3n nula<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>La fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda, \u03b1<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, es uno de los par\u00e1metros m\u00e1s importantes utilizados para caracterizar el flujo de fluido en dos fases, especialmente el flujo de gas-l\u00edquido.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Se utilizan varias definiciones geom\u00e9tricas para especificar este par\u00e1metro.\u00a0La fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda en un flujo de fluido de dos fases se puede definir como:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span>La fracci\u00f3n del\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>volumen<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0del\u00a0<strong>canal<\/strong>\u00a0que est\u00e1 ocupada por la fase gaseosa.\u00a0Esta fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda se conoce como la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda volum\u00e9trica.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span>La fracci\u00f3n del\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00e1rea de secci\u00f3n transversal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0del\u00a0<strong>canal<\/strong>\u00a0que est\u00e1 ocupada por la fase gaseosa.\u00a0Esta fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda se conoce como la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda transversal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>La\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda local se<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0refiere a eso en un \u00fanico punto o volumen muy peque\u00f1o.\u00a0Por lo tanto, toma los valores de 1 o 0.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Para prop\u00f3sitos adicionales, asumiremos que una fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda es la fracci\u00f3n del\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00e1rea de secci\u00f3n transversal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0del\u00a0<strong>canal<\/strong>\u00a0que est\u00e1 ocupada por la fase gaseosa (es decir, fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda de secci\u00f3n transversal) definida como:<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/void-fraction-definition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14771 aligncenter lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/void-fraction-definition.png\" alt=\"definici\u00f3n de fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda\" width=\"184\" height=\"98\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/void-fraction-definition.png\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<span>La fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda es importante en el flujo de dos fases, ya que influye en los par\u00e1metros f\u00edsicos clave, como la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>viscosidad<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ca\u00edda de presi\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>la transferencia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Las relaciones entre\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>x, \u03b1 y S<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pueden deducirse y el resultado es:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relations-between-quality-void-fraction-and-slip.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14782 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relations-between-quality-void-fraction-and-slip.png\" alt=\"relaciones entre calidad, fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda y deslizamiento\" width=\"619\" height=\"101\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relations-between-quality-void-fraction-and-slip.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14781\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14781\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Chart-Slip-Ratio.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14781 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Chart-Slip-Ratio.png\" alt=\"Efecto de S sobre \u03b1 vs x para agua a 7 MPa.  Fuente: Buongiorno Jacopo, Departamento de Ciencia e Ingenier\u00eda Nuclear del MIT, NOTAS SOBRE EL FLUJO DE DOS FASES\" width=\"601\" height=\"483\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Chart-Slip-Ratio.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14781\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Efecto de S sobre \u03b1 vs x para agua a 7 MPa.\u00a0Fuente: Buongiorno Jacopo, Departamento de Ciencia e Ingenier\u00eda Nuclear del MIT, NOTAS SOBRE EL FLUJO DE DOS FASES<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda, \u03b1, es uno de los par\u00e1metros m\u00e1s importantes utilizados para caracterizar el flujo de fluido en dos fases, especialmente el flujo de gas-l\u00edquido.\u00a0Ingenieria termal Par\u00e1metros b\u00e1sicos de flujo de fluido bif\u00e1sico En esta secci\u00f3n consideraremos el flujo simult\u00e1neo de\u00a0gas (o vapor) y agua l\u00edquida\u00a0(como se encuentra en\u00a0generadores\u00a0y condensadores de\u00a0vapor\u00a0) en flujo concurrente &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la fracci\u00f3n vac\u00eda? 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