{"id":50225,"date":"2020-01-11T15:28:49","date_gmt":"2020-01-11T14:28:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-11T15:39:26","modified_gmt":"2020-01-11T14:39:26","slug":"que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal &#8211; Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Proceso isob\u00e1rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal.\u00a0El proceso isob\u00e1rico se puede expresar con la ley de los gases ideales como: V \/ T = constante.\u00a0Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2>Proceso isob\u00e1rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal<\/h2>\n<p>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un gas ideal?<\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17427\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17427\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17427 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work.png\" alt=\"proceso isob\u00e1rico - trabajo - diagrama pV\" width=\"296\" height=\"234\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17427\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">En un diagrama pV, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea horizontal (llamada isobar) que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n p = constante.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Supongamos una\u00a0<strong>adici\u00f3n de calor isob\u00e1rico<\/strong>\u00a0en un gas ideal.\u00a0En un\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el gas ideal?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\">gas ideal<\/a>\u00a0, las mol\u00e9culas no tienen volumen y no interact\u00faan.\u00a0Seg\u00fan la\u00a0<a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\">ley de los gases ideales<\/a>\u00a0, la\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la presi\u00f3n? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\">presi\u00f3n<\/a>\u00a0var\u00eda linealmente con la\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la temperatura? F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-temperatura-fisica-definicion\/\">temperatura<\/a>\u00a0y la cantidad, e inversamente con el\u00a0<a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el volumen? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-volume-physics\/\">volumen<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>pV = nRT<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>d\u00f3nde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>p<\/em>\u00a0es la presi\u00f3n absoluta del gas<\/li>\n<li><em>n<\/em>\u00a0es la cantidad de sustancia<\/li>\n<li><em>T<\/em>\u00a0es la temperatura absoluta<\/li>\n<li><em>V<\/em>\u00a0es el volumen<\/li>\n<li><em>R<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0es la constante de gas ideal, o universal, igual al producto de la constante de Boltzmann y la constante de Avogadro,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el s\u00edmbolo R es una constante llamada constante de\u00a0<strong>gas universal<\/strong>\u00a0que tiene el mismo valor para todos los gases, es decir, R = 8.31 J \/ mol K.<\/p>\n<p>El proceso isob\u00e1rico se puede expresar con la ley de los gases ideales como:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17430 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-2.png\" alt=\"proceso isob\u00e1rico - ecuaci\u00f3n - 2\" width=\"134\" height=\"63\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-2.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>o<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17431 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-3.png\" alt=\"proceso isob\u00e1rico - ecuaci\u00f3n - 3\" width=\"77\" height=\"67\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-3.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>En un\u00a0<strong>diagrama pV<\/strong>\u00a0, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea horizontal (llamada isobar) que tiene la ecuaci\u00f3n p = constante.<\/p>\n<p><strong>El trabajo de presi\u00f3n-volumen<\/strong>\u00a0del sistema cerrado se define como:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17436 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png\" alt=\"trabajo pV - proceso isob\u00e1rico\" width=\"157\" height=\"99\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Suponiendo que la cantidad de gas ideal permanece constante y aplicando la\u00a0<strong>ley del gas ideal<\/strong>\u00a0, esto se convierte en<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17428 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work-equation.png\" alt=\"proceso isob\u00e1rico - ecuaci\u00f3n de trabajo\" width=\"313\" height=\"45\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Seg\u00fan el modelo de gas ideal, la\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\">energ\u00eda interna<\/a>\u00a0se puede calcular mediante:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u2206U = mc\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2206T<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>donde la propiedad\u00a0<strong>c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>v<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0(J \/ mol K)<\/strong>\u00a0se denomina\u00a0<a title=\"Capacidad de calor - Capacidad de calor espec\u00edfica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/heat-capacity\/\"><strong>calor espec\u00edfico<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(o\u00a0<strong>capacidad calor\u00edfica<\/strong>\u00a0) a un volumen constante porque, bajo ciertas condiciones especiales (volumen constante), relaciona el cambio de temperatura de un sistema con la cantidad de energ\u00eda agregada por transferencia de calor.<\/p>\n<p>Al sumar estas ecuaciones, obtenemos la ecuaci\u00f3n para el calor:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q = \u00a0\u00a0<em>mc\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2206T + m R\u00a0<\/em><em>\u2206T = m (c\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><em>\u00a0+ R) \u2206T = m c\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>p<\/sub><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2206T<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>donde la propiedad\u00a0<strong>c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>p<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0(J \/ mol K)<\/strong>\u00a0se denomina\u00a0<strong>calor espec\u00edfico<\/strong>\u00a0(o\u00a0<strong>capacidad calor\u00edfica<\/strong>\u00a0) a una presi\u00f3n constante.<\/p>\n<p>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<a title=\"Calor espec\u00edfico a volumen constante y presi\u00f3n constante\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/specific-heat-constant-volume-pressure\/\">Calor espec\u00edfico a volumen constante y presi\u00f3n constante<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<a title=\"La relaci\u00f3n de Mayer: f\u00f3rmula de Mayer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/mayers-relation-mayers-formula\/\">f\u00f3rmula de Mayer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17426\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17426\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17426 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isob\u00e1rico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"381\" height=\"717\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17426\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Proceso isob\u00e1rico &#8211; caracter\u00edsticas principales<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17320\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17320\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17320 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" alt=\"La Ley de Charles es una de las leyes del gas.\" width=\"533\" height=\"403\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17320\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Para una masa fija de gas a presi\u00f3n constante, el volumen es directamente proporcional a la temperatura Kelvin.\u00a0Fuente: grc.nasa.gov La pol\u00edtica de derechos de autor de la NASA establece que &#8220;el material de la NASA no est\u00e1 protegido por derechos de autor a menos que se indique lo contrario&#8221;.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2>Ley de Charles<\/h2>\n<p><strong>La Ley de Charles<\/strong>\u00a0es una de las leyes del gas.\u00a0A finales del siglo XVIII, el inventor y cient\u00edfico franc\u00e9s\u00a0<strong>Jacques Alexandre C\u00e9sar Charles<\/strong>\u00a0estudi\u00f3 la relaci\u00f3n entre el\u00a0<strong>volumen<\/strong>\u00a0y la\u00a0<strong>temperatura<\/strong>\u00a0de un gas\u00a0<strong>a presi\u00f3n constante<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Los resultados de ciertos experimentos con gases a una presi\u00f3n relativamente baja llevaron a Jacques Alexandre C\u00e9sar Charles a formular una ley bien conocida.\u00a0Se afirma que:<\/p>\n<p><em>Para una masa fija de gas a presi\u00f3n constante, el volumen es directamente proporcional a la temperatura Kelvin.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Eso significa que, por ejemplo, si duplica la temperatura, duplicar\u00e1 el volumen.\u00a0Si reduce a la mitad la temperatura, reducir\u00e1 a la mitad el volumen.<\/p>\n<p>Puede expresar esto matem\u00e1ticamente como:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>V = constante.\u00a0T<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>S\u00ed, parece ser id\u00e9ntico al\u00a0<strong>proceso isob\u00e1rico<\/strong>\u00a0del gas ideal.\u00a0Estos resultados son totalmente consistentes con\u00a0<strong>la ley del gas ideal<\/strong>\u00a0, que determina que la constante es igual a\u00a0<strong>nR \/ p<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Si reorganiza la ecuaci\u00f3n pV = nRT dividiendo ambos lados por p, obtendr\u00e1:<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>V = nR \/ p.\u00a0T<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>donde nR \/ p es constante y:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>p<\/em>\u00a0es la presi\u00f3n absoluta del gas<\/li>\n<li><em>n<\/em>\u00a0es la cantidad de sustancia<\/li>\n<li><em>T<\/em>\u00a0es la temperatura absoluta<\/li>\n<li><em>V<\/em>\u00a0es el volumen<\/li>\n<li><em>R<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0es la constante de gas ideal, o universal, igual al producto de la constante de Boltzmann y la constante de Avogadro,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>En esta ecuaci\u00f3n, el s\u00edmbolo R es una constante llamada constante de gas universal que tiene el mismo valor para todos los gases, es decir, R = 8.31 J \/ mol K.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Proceso isob\u00e1rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal.\u00a0El proceso isob\u00e1rico se puede expresar con la ley de los gases ideales como: V \/ T = constante.\u00a0Ingenieria termal Proceso isob\u00e1rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0\u00bfQu\u00e9 es un gas ideal? En un diagrama pV, el proceso ocurre a lo largo de una l\u00ednea horizontal (llamada isobar) que tiene &#8230; <a title=\"Qu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-ecuacion-de-gas-ideal-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en Qu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal &#8211; Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu\u00e9 es el proceso isob\u00e1rico - Ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal - Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Proceso isob\u00e1rico: ecuaci\u00f3n de gas ideal. 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El proceso isob\\u00e1rico se puede expresar con la ley de los gases ideales como: V \/ T = constante. 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