{"id":50350,"date":"2020-01-13T12:53:44","date_gmt":"2020-01-13T11:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/"},"modified":"2020-01-13T13:04:44","modified_gmt":"2020-01-13T12:04:44","slug":"que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso termodin\u00e1mico? Definici\u00f3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Un proceso termodin\u00e1mico se define como un cambio de un macroestado de equilibrio a otro macroestado. El conocimiento de los procesos termodin\u00e1micos es de suma importancia para los ingenieros. Ingenieria termal<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermodynamic-processes.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-17258 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermodynamic-processes-300x246.png\" alt=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos\" width=\"300\" height=\"246\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermodynamic-processes-300x246.png\" \/><\/a><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0se define como un cambio de un macroestado de equilibrio a otro macroestado.\u00a0Los\u00a0<strong>estados\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>inicial<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>final<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0son los elementos definitorios del proceso.\u00a0Durante dicho proceso, un sistema comienza desde un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>estado inicial i<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, descrito por una\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la presi\u00f3n? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\"><span>presi\u00f3n p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0, un\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el volumen? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-volume-physics\/\"><span>volumen V\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>i<\/span><\/sub><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0y una\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la temperatura? F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-temperatura-fisica-definicion\/\"><span>temperatura\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>Ti<\/span><\/sub><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0, pasa a trav\u00e9s de varios\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>estados cuasiest\u00e1ticos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0a un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>estado final f<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, descrito por una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>presi\u00f3n p\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>f<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>volumen V\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>f<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0, y una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temperatura T\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>f<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En este proceso<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la energ\u00eda? F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/\"><span>la energ\u00eda<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0se puede transferir de forma o al sistema y tambi\u00e9n\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Trabajar en termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-trabajo-en-termodinamica-definicion\/\"><span>se<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0puede\u00a0<a title=\"Work in Thermodynamics\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-trabajo-en-termodinamica-definicion\/\">trabajar<\/a>\u00a0por el sistema o en \u00e9l.\u00a0Un ejemplo de un proceso termodin\u00e1mico es aumentar la presi\u00f3n de un gas mientras se mantiene una temperatura constante.\u00a0En la siguiente secci\u00f3n, hay ejemplos de procesos termodin\u00e1micos que son de suma importancia en la ingenier\u00eda de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Motores de calor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-motor-termico-definicion\/\"><span>motores t\u00e9rmicos<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Tipos de procesos termodin\u00e1micos<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso reversible<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>En termodin\u00e1mica, un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso reversible<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0se define como un proceso que se puede\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>revertir<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0induciendo\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cambios infinitesimales<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en alguna propiedad del sistema, y \u200b\u200bal hacerlo no deja cambios ni en el sistema ni en el entorno.\u00a0Durante el proceso reversible, la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><strong><span>entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0del sistema\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>no aumenta<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y el sistema est\u00e1 en\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Equilibrio termal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-temperature-physics\/thermal-equilibrium\/\"><span>equilibrio termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0con su entorno.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso irreversible<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>En termodin\u00e1mica, un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso irreversible<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0se define como un proceso que no se puede revertir, proceso, que no puede devolver tanto el sistema como el entorno a sus condiciones originales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Durante el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso irreversible\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span><strong>aumenta<\/strong>\u00a0la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><strong><span>entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0del sistema\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso c\u00edclico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un proceso que finalmente devuelve un sistema a su estado inicial se denomina\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso c\u00edclico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Al final de un ciclo, todas las propiedades tienen el mismo valor que ten\u00edan al principio.\u00a0Para tal proceso, el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>estado final<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>mismo que el estado inicial<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, por lo que el\u00a0cambio\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\"><strong><span>total de energ\u00eda interna<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0debe ser cero.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Debe tenerse en cuenta que, de acuerdo con la\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"Segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-segunda-ley-de-la-termodinamica-definicion\/\"><span>segunda ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/span><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0, no todo el calor proporcionado a un ciclo puede transformarse en una cantidad igual de trabajo,\u00a0debe producirse un\u00a0cierto\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>rechazo de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0La\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Eficiencia t\u00e9rmica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-eficiencia-termica-definicion\/\"><strong><span>eficiencia t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub><span>\u00ba<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0, de cualquier motor t\u00e9rmico como la relaci\u00f3n entre el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Trabajar en termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-trabajo-en-termodinamica-definicion\/\"><span>trabajo<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0que hace,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, para el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Calor en termodin\u00e1mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-calor-en-la-fisica-calor-definicion\/\"><span>calor<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0de entrada a la alta temperatura, Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>H<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>\u00ba<\/span><\/sub><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00a0= W \/ Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>H<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso reversible\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-reversible-definicion\/\"><span>Proceso reversible<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso irreversible\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-un-proceso-irreversible-definicion\/\"><span>proceso irreversible<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso c\u00edclico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-ciclico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso c\u00edclico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17267\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" alt=\"Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"276\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion-276x300.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>El proceso isentr\u00f3pico es un caso especial de procesos adiab\u00e1ticos.\u00a0Es un proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible.\u00a0Un proceso isentr\u00f3pico tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16885\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Cyclic-process-work.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16885 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Cyclic-process-work-300x243.png\" alt=\"Proceso c\u00edclico - trabajo\" width=\"300\" height=\"243\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Cyclic-process-work-300x243.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16885\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Un proceso que finalmente devuelve un sistema a su estado inicial se denomina proceso c\u00edclico.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, en el cual la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entrop\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><strong><span>entrop\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>del fluido o gas permanece constante.\u00a0Significa que el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es un caso especial de un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0en el que no hay transferencia de calor o materia.\u00a0Es un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico reversible<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0tambi\u00e9n se puede llamar un proceso de entrop\u00eda constante.\u00a0En ingenier\u00eda, un proceso tan idealizado es muy \u00fatil para la comparaci\u00f3n con procesos reales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isentropico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Principales caracter\u00edsticas del proceso isentr\u00f3pico.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17280\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17280\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Process-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17280 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Process-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isentr\u00f3pico - caracter\u00edsticas\" width=\"386\" height=\"609\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-Process-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17284\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17284\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-isentropic-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17284 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-isentropic-process-300x251.png\" alt=\"Diagrama PV - proceso isentr\u00f3pico\" width=\"300\" height=\"251\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/P-V-diagram-isentropic-process-300x251.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17284\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagrama PV de una expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica de helio (3 \u2192 4) en una turbina de gas.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso adiab\u00e1tico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, en el que no\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>hay transferencia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0dentro o fuera del sistema (Q = 0).\u00a0El sistema puede considerarse\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perfectamente aislado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En un proceso adiab\u00e1tico, la energ\u00eda se transfiere solo como trabajo.\u00a0La suposici\u00f3n de que no hay transferencia de calor es muy importante, ya que podemos usar la aproximaci\u00f3n adiab\u00e1tica solo en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>procesos muy r\u00e1pidos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En estos procesos r\u00e1pidos, no hay tiempo suficiente para que la transferencia de energ\u00eda como calor tenga lugar hacia o desde el sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En dispositivos reales (como turbinas, bombas y compresores) se\u00a0producen\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p\u00e9rdidas de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y p\u00e9rdidas en el proceso de combusti\u00f3n, pero estas p\u00e9rdidas suelen ser bajas en comparaci\u00f3n con el flujo de energ\u00eda general y podemos aproximar algunos procesos termodin\u00e1micos por el proceso adiab\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso adiab\u00e1tico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Caracter\u00edsticas principales del proceso adiab\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17354\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17354\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Adiabatic-Process-main-characteristics1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17354 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Adiabatic-Process-main-characteristics1.png\" alt=\"Caracter\u00edsticas principales del proceso adiab\u00e1tico.\" width=\"380\" height=\"564\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Adiabatic-Process-main-characteristics1.png\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17267\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\" alt=\"Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica versus adiab\u00e1tica\" width=\"393\" height=\"427\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isentropic-vs.-adiabatic-expansion.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17267\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Expansi\u00f3n isentr\u00f3pica vs. adiab\u00e1tica.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso isot\u00e9rmico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<a title=\"Proceso isot\u00e9rmico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isotermico-definicion\/\"><strong>proceso isot\u00e9rmico<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0es un\u00a0<a title=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\"><strong>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, en el que la\u00a0<strong>temperatura<\/strong>\u00a0del sistema\u00a0<strong>permanece constante<\/strong>\u00a0(T = constante).\u00a0La transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema generalmente debe ocurrir a una velocidad tan lenta para ajustarse continuamente a la temperatura del dep\u00f3sito a trav\u00e9s del intercambio de calor.\u00a0En cada uno de estos estados\u00a0se mantiene el\u00a0<a title=\"Equilibrio termal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-temperature-physics\/thermal-equilibrium\/\"><strong>equilibrio t\u00e9rmico<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Para un proceso\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ley del gas ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><strong><span>ideal de gas<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>y politr\u00f3pico, el caso\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>n = 1<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0corresponde a un proceso\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>isot\u00e9rmico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(temperatura constante).\u00a0A diferencia del\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso adiab\u00e1tico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-adiabatico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0, en el que\u00a0<\/span><strong><i><span>n = \u03ba<\/span><\/i><\/strong><em><span>\u00a0\u00a0 y\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>un sistema no intercambia calor con su entorno (Q = 0;\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>\u2206T \u2260 0\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>, en un proceso isot\u00e9rmico no hay cambio en la energ\u00eda interna (debido a \u2206T = 0 ) y, por lo tanto,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>\u0394U = 0 (para gases ideales) y Q \u2260 0.<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0Un proceso adiab\u00e1tico no es necesariamente un proceso isot\u00e9rmico, ni un proceso isot\u00e9rmico es necesariamente adiab\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isot\u00e9rmico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isotermico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso isot\u00e9rmico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Principales caracter\u00edsticas del proceso isot\u00e9rmico.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17407\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isothermal-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17407 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isothermal-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isot\u00e9rmico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"382\" height=\"714\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isothermal-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17319\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17319\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Boyle-Mariotte-Law.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17319 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Boyle-Mariotte-Law.gif\" alt=\"Ley de Boyle-Mariotte\" width=\"532\" height=\"403\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Boyle-Mariotte-Law.gif\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17319\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Ley Boyle-Mariotte.\u00a0Para una masa fija de gas a temperatura constante, el volumen es inversamente proporcional a la presi\u00f3n.\u00a0Fuente: grc.nasa.gov La pol\u00edtica de derechos de autor de la NASA establece que &#8220;el material de la NASA no est\u00e1 protegido por derechos de autor a menos que se indique lo contrario&#8221;.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isob\u00e1rico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, en el cual la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la presi\u00f3n? - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\"><strong><span>presi\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0del sistema\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>permanece constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(p = const).\u00a0La transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema funciona, pero tambi\u00e9n cambia la energ\u00eda interna del sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Dado que hay cambios en\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\"><span>la energ\u00eda interna<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(dU) y cambios en el volumen del sistema (\u2206V), los ingenieros a menudo usan la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><strong><span>entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0del sistema, que se define como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span>H = U + pV<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>En muchos an\u00e1lisis termodin\u00e1micos es conveniente utilizar la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>entalp\u00eda en<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0lugar de la energ\u00eda interna.\u00a0Especialmente en el caso de la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Primera ley en t\u00e9rminos de entalp\u00eda dH = dQ + Vdp\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-in-terms-of-enthalpy-dh-dq-vdp\/\"><strong><span>primera ley de la termodin\u00e1mica<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En ingenier\u00eda, ambos ciclos termodin\u00e1micos muy importantes (ciclo de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Brayton y Rankine<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) se basan en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dos procesos isob\u00e1ricos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, por lo tanto, el estudio de este proceso es crucial para las centrales el\u00e9ctricas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isob\u00e1rico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isobarico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Principales caracter\u00edsticas del proceso isob\u00e1rico.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17407\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17407\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isothermal-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17407 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isothermal-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isot\u00e9rmico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"382\" height=\"714\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isothermal-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17320\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17320 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" alt=\"La Ley de Charles es una de las leyes del gas.\" width=\"533\" height=\"403\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17320\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Para una masa fija de gas a presi\u00f3n constante, el volumen es directamente proporcional a la temperatura Kelvin.\u00a0Fuente: grc.nasa.gov La pol\u00edtica de derechos de autor de la NASA establece que &#8220;el material de la NASA no est\u00e1 protegido por derechos de autor a menos que se indique lo contrario&#8221;.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso isocorico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isoc\u00f3rico - Proceso isom\u00e9trico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-proceso-isometrico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso isocr\u00f3rico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>es un proceso termodin\u00e1mico, en el que el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>volumen<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0del sistema cerrado\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>permanece constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(V = constante).\u00a0Describe el comportamiento del gas dentro del contenedor, que no puede deformarse.\u00a0Dado que el volumen permanece constante, la transferencia de calor dentro o fuera del sistema no funciona con el\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"p\u0394V Work - Trabajo de l\u00edmite y V\u0394p Work\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/p%ce%b4v-work-boundary-work-and-v%ce%b4p-work\/\"><span>p\u2206V<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, sino que solo cambia la\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-la-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicion\/\"><strong><span>energ\u00eda interna<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0(la temperatura) del sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En la ingenier\u00eda de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>motores de combusti\u00f3n interna<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, los procesos isocr\u00f3ricos son muy importantes para sus ciclos termodin\u00e1micos (ciclo Otto y Diesel), por lo tanto, el estudio de este proceso es crucial para la ingenier\u00eda automotriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso isoc\u00f3rico - Proceso isom\u00e9trico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-isocorico-proceso-isometrico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso isocr\u00f3rico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Principales caracter\u00edsticas del proceso isocr\u00f3rico.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17463\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17463\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isochoric-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17463 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isochoric-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso isocr\u00f3rico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"382\" height=\"468\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isochoric-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17321\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Guy-Lussac-Law.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17321 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Guy-Lussac-Law.png\" alt=\"Ley de Guy-Lussac\" width=\"274\" height=\"301\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Guy-Lussac-Law.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17321\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Para una masa fija de gas a volumen constante, la presi\u00f3n es directamente proporcional a la temperatura Kelvin.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso politropico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso politropico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-politropico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso politr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0es cualquier proceso termodin\u00e1mico que se puede expresar mediante la siguiente ecuaci\u00f3n:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span>pV\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>n<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0= constante<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>El\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso politr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0puede describir la expansi\u00f3n y compresi\u00f3n del gas, que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>incluyen la transferencia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0El exponente\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0se conoce como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00edndice politr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0y puede tomar cualquier valor de 0 a \u221e, dependiendo del proceso en particular.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso politropico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-politropico-definicion\/\"><span>proceso politr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Principales caracter\u00edsticas del proceso politropico<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17477\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17477\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Polytropic-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17477 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Polytropic-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Proceso politr\u00f3pico - caracter\u00edsticas principales\" width=\"397\" height=\"617\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Polytropic-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17462\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17462\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/polytropic-process-pv-diagram.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17462 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/polytropic-process-pv-diagram.png\" alt=\"proceso politropico - diagrama pv\" width=\"721\" height=\"551\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/polytropic-process-pv-diagram.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17462\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Procesos politropicos con varios indices politropicos.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Proceso de estrangulamiento &#8211; Proceso Isenthalpic<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso de estrangulamiento - Proceso Isenthalpic\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-de-estrangulamiento-proceso-de-isenthalpic-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso de estrangulamiento<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0es un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Procesos termodin\u00e1micos.\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso termodin\u00e1mico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0, en el cual la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la entalp\u00eda?\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-enthalpy\/\"><strong><span>entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0del gas o medio\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>permanece constante (h = constante)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0De hecho, el\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proceso de aceleraci\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0es uno de los\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>procesos isent\u00e1lpicos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Durante el proceso de aceleraci\u00f3n,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>no<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0se realiza\u00a0<strong>ning\u00fan trabajo<\/strong>\u00a0en el sistema (dW = 0) y, por lo general, no\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>hay transferencia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) desde o hacia el sistema (dQ = 0).\u00a0Por otro lado, el proceso de estrangulamiento no puede ser isentr\u00f3pico, es un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso irreversible\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-un-proceso-irreversible-definicion\/\"><strong><span>proceso fundamentalmente irreversible<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Caracter\u00edsticas del proceso de estrangulamiento:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span>Sin transferencia de trabajo<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Sin transferencia de calor<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Proceso irreversible<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Proceso Isenthalpic<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a title=\"Estrangulamiento de vapor h\u00famedo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-processes\/throttling-process-isenthalpic-process\/throttling-of-wet-steam\/\"><span>El estrangulamiento del vapor h\u00famedo<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0tambi\u00e9n se asocia con la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>conservaci\u00f3n de la entalp\u00eda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Pero en este caso, una\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>reducci\u00f3n en la presi\u00f3n<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0provoca un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumento en la calidad del vapor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Ver tambi\u00e9n:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Proceso de estrangulamiento - Proceso Isenthalpic\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-de-estrangulamiento-proceso-de-isenthalpic-definicion\/\"><span>Proceso de regulaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/throttling-process-hs-diagram-steam.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17502 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/throttling-process-hs-diagram-steam.png\" alt=\"proceso de estrangulamiento - diagrama hs - steam\" width=\"574\" height=\"464\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/throttling-process-hs-diagram-steam.png\" \/><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_16885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16885\"><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16885\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;..<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>Este art\u00edculo se basa en la traducci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica del art\u00edculo original en ingl\u00e9s. Para m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n vea el art\u00edculo en ingl\u00e9s. Puedes ayudarnos. Si desea corregir la traducci\u00f3n, env\u00edela a: translations@nuclear-power.com o complete el formulario de traducci\u00f3n en l\u00ednea. Agradecemos su ayuda, actualizaremos la traducci\u00f3n lo antes posible. Gracias.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Un proceso termodin\u00e1mico se define como un cambio de un macroestado de equilibrio a otro macroestado. El conocimiento de los procesos termodin\u00e1micos es de suma importancia para los ingenieros. Ingenieria termal Procesos termodin\u00e1micos. Un\u00a0proceso termodin\u00e1mico\u00a0se define como un cambio de un macroestado de equilibrio a otro macroestado.\u00a0Los\u00a0estados\u00a0inicial\u00a0y\u00a0final\u00a0son los elementos definitorios del proceso.\u00a0Durante dicho proceso, un &#8230; <a title=\"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso termodin\u00e1mico? Definici\u00f3n\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/es\/que-es-el-proceso-termodinamico-definicion\/\" aria-label=\"M\u00e1s en \u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso termodin\u00e1mico? Definici\u00f3n\">Leer m\u00e1s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[16],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es el proceso termodin\u00e1mico? Definici\u00f3n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un proceso termodin\u00e1mico se define como un cambio de un macroestado de equilibrio a otro macroestado. El conocimiento de los procesos termodin\u00e1micos es de suma importancia para los ingenieros. 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