{"id":44040,"date":"2019-10-14T14:32:50","date_gmt":"2019-10-14T13:32:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quest-ce-quune-condition-aux-limites-de-dirichlet-condition-aux-limites-de-type-i-definition\/"},"modified":"2020-02-17T17:17:51","modified_gmt":"2020-02-17T16:17:51","slug":"quest-ce-quune-condition-aux-limites-de-dirichlet-condition-aux-limites-de-type-i-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-quune-condition-aux-limites-de-dirichlet-condition-aux-limites-de-type-i-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&#8217;est-ce qu&#8217;une condition aux limites de Dirichlet &#8211; Condition aux limites de type I &#8211; D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">La condition limite de Dirichlet ou la premi\u00e8re condition de type est un type de condition limite, nomm\u00e9 d&#8217;apr\u00e8s un math\u00e9maticien allemand Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805\u20131859).\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Condition aux limites de Dirichlet &#8211; Condition aux limites de type I<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/dirichlet-boundary-condition-type-I.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-20186 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/dirichlet-boundary-condition-type-I.png\" alt=\"condition aux limites de dirichlet - type I\" width=\"327\" height=\"318\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/dirichlet-boundary-condition-type-I.png\" \/><\/a>En math\u00e9matiques, la\u00a0<strong>condition aux limites de Dirichlet (ou du premier type)<\/strong>\u00a0est un type de condition aux limites, du nom du math\u00e9maticien allemand Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805\u20131859).\u00a0Lorsqu&#8217;elle est impos\u00e9e \u00e0 une \u00e9quation diff\u00e9rentielle ordinaire ou partielle, la condition sp\u00e9cifie les valeurs dans lesquelles la d\u00e9riv\u00e9e d&#8217;une solution est appliqu\u00e9e dans les limites du domaine.<\/p>\n<p>Dans les probl\u00e8mes de transfert de chaleur, cette condition correspond \u00e0 une\u00a0<strong>temp\u00e9rature de surface fixe<\/strong>\u00a0donn\u00e9e\u00a0.\u00a0La\u00a0<strong>condition limite de Dirichlet<\/strong>\u00a0est tr\u00e8s proche, par exemple, lorsque la surface est en contact avec un solide en fusion ou un liquide en \u00e9bullition.\u00a0Dans les deux cas, il y a transfert de chaleur \u00e0 la surface, tandis que la surface reste \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature du processus de changement de phase.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>\u00c9quation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de conduction thermique<\/h2>\n<p>L&#8217;\u00a0<strong>\u00e9quation de conduction thermique<\/strong>\u00a0est une \u00e9quation diff\u00e9rentielle partielle qui d\u00e9crit la r\u00e9partition de la\u00a0<strong>chaleur<\/strong>\u00a0(ou du\u00a0<strong>champ de temp\u00e9rature<\/strong>\u00a0) dans un corps donn\u00e9 dans le temps.\u00a0Une connaissance d\u00e9taill\u00e9e du champ de temp\u00e9rature est tr\u00e8s importante dans la conduction thermique \u00e0 travers les mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0Une fois cette distribution de temp\u00e9rature connue, le\u00a0<strong>flux thermique de conduction<\/strong>\u00a0en un point quelconque du mat\u00e9riau ou \u00e0 sa surface peut \u00eatre calcul\u00e9 \u00e0 partir de\u00a0<a title=\"Loi de Fourier sur la conduction thermique\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-la-loi-de-fourier-sur-la-conduction-thermique-definition\/\">la loi<\/a>\u00a0de\u00a0<a title=\"Fourier\u2019s Law of Thermal Conduction\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-la-loi-de-fourier-sur-la-conduction-thermique-definition\/\">Fourier<\/a>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;\u00e9quation de la chaleur est\u00a0<strong>d\u00e9riv\u00e9e<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>la loi<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>Fourier<\/strong>\u00a0et de la\u00a0<a title=\"Loi de conservation de l'\u00e9nergie\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/laws-of-conservation\/law-of-conservation-of-energy\/\"><strong>conservation de l&#8217;\u00e9nergie<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0La loi de Fourier stipule que le temps\u00a0<strong>de transfert de chaleur \u00e0<\/strong>\u00a0travers un mat\u00e9riau est\u00a0<strong>proportionnel au\u00a0<\/strong><strong>gradient<\/strong>\u00a0n\u00e9gatif\u00a0<strong>de la temp\u00e9rature<\/strong>\u00a0et \u00e0 la surface, perpendiculairement \u00e0 ce gradient, \u00e0 travers lequel la chaleur s&#8217;\u00e9coule.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Fourier%E2%80%99s-law-of-Thermal-Conduction-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20040 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Fourier%E2%80%99s-law-of-Thermal-Conduction-equation.png\" alt=\"Loi de Fourier sur la conduction thermique\" width=\"335\" height=\"152\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Fourier\u2019s-law-of-Thermal-Conduction-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Un changement d&#8217;\u00e9nergie interne par unit\u00e9 de volume dans le mat\u00e9riau, \u0394Q, est proportionnel au changement de temp\u00e9rature, \u0394u.\u00a0C&#8217;est:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Q = \u03c1.c\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sub>p<\/sub><\/strong><strong>\u00a0.\u2206T<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Forme g\u00e9n\u00e9rale<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En utilisant ces deux \u00e9quations, nous pouvons d\u00e9river l&#8217;\u00e9quation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de la conduction thermique:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/heat-conduction-equation-general-form.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20166 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/heat-conduction-equation-general-form.png\" alt=\"Equation de conduction thermique - Equation de Fourier-Biot\" width=\"543\" height=\"233\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/heat-conduction-equation-general-form.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Cette \u00e9quation est \u00e9galement connue sous le nom d&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00e9quation de Fourier-Biot<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et fournit l&#8217;outil de base pour l&#8217;analyse de conduction thermique.\u00a0A partir de sa solution, on peut obtenir le champ de temp\u00e9rature en fonction du temps.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En d&#8217;autres termes, l&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00e9quation de conduction thermique<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0indique que:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>En tout point du milieu, le taux net de transfert d&#8217;\u00e9nergie par conduction dans un volume unitaire plus le taux volum\u00e9trique de g\u00e9n\u00e9ration d&#8217;\u00e9nergie thermique doit \u00eatre \u00e9gal au taux de variation de l&#8217;\u00e9nergie thermique stock\u00e9e dans le volume.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l&#8217;article original en anglais. Pour plus d&#8217;informations, voir l&#8217;article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l&#8217;adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La condition limite de Dirichlet ou la premi\u00e8re condition de type est un type de condition limite, nomm\u00e9 d&#8217;apr\u00e8s un math\u00e9maticien allemand Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805\u20131859).\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique Condition aux limites de Dirichlet &#8211; Condition aux limites de type I En math\u00e9matiques, la\u00a0condition aux limites de Dirichlet (ou du premier type)\u00a0est un type de condition &#8230; <a title=\"Qu&#8217;est-ce qu&#8217;une condition aux limites de Dirichlet &#8211; Condition aux limites de type I &#8211; D\u00e9finition\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-quune-condition-aux-limites-de-dirichlet-condition-aux-limites-de-type-i-definition\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Qu&#8217;est-ce qu&#8217;une condition aux limites de Dirichlet &#8211; Condition aux limites de type I &#8211; D\u00e9finition\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu&#039;est-ce qu&#039;une condition aux limites de Dirichlet - Condition aux limites de type I - D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La condition limite de Dirichlet ou la premi\u00e8re condition de type est un type de condition limite, nomm\u00e9 d&#039;apr\u00e8s un math\u00e9maticien allemand Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (1805\u20131859). 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