{"id":45119,"date":"2019-10-17T13:30:59","date_gmt":"2019-10-17T12:30:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quel-est-lexemple-de-letranglement-et-du-processus-isenthalpique-definition\/"},"modified":"2020-02-20T20:40:12","modified_gmt":"2020-02-20T19:40:12","slug":"quel-est-lexemple-de-letranglement-et-du-processus-isenthalpique-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quel-est-lexemple-de-letranglement-et-du-processus-isenthalpique-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"L’exemple de l’\u00e9tranglement et du processus isenthalpique – D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Exemple de r\u00e9gulation et de processus isenthalpique. D\u00e9terminez la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur de la vapeur lorsque r\u00e9gul\u00e9e de 1,15 MPa \u00e0 1,0 MPa. G\u00e9nie thermique<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Processus de limitation – Processus isenthalpique<\/span><\/h2>\n

Un\u00a0<\/span>processus d’\u00e9tranglement<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0est un\u00a0<\/span>processus thermodynamique<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, dans lequel l’\u00a0<\/span>enthalpie<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0du gaz ou du milieu\u00a0<\/span>reste constante (h = const)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0En fait, le\u00a0<\/span>processus d’\u00e9tranglement<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0est l’un des\u00a0<\/span>processus isenthalpiques<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Pendant le processus d’\u00e9tranglement,\u00a0<\/span>aucun travail<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0n’est effectu\u00e9 par ou sur le syst\u00e8me (dW = 0), et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement il n’y a\u00a0<\/span>pas de transfert de chaleur<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<\/span>adiabatique<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0) depuis ou vers le syst\u00e8me (dQ = 0).\u00a0De l’autre, le processus d’\u00e9tranglement ne peut pas \u00eatre isentropique, c’est un\u00a0<\/span>processus fondamentalement irr\u00e9versible<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Caract\u00e9ristiques du processus d’\u00e9tranglement:<\/span><\/p>\n

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  1. Pas de transfert de travail<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Pas de transfert de chaleur<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Processus irr\u00e9versible<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Processus isenthalpique<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    \"Une<\/a>
    Une vanne partiellement ouverte ou un bouchon poreux peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour r\u00e9duire la pression dans un syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    Exemple: \u00e9tranglement de la vapeur humide<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Un \u00e9tage haute pression de turbine \u00e0 vapeur fonctionne \u00e0 l’\u00e9tat stable avec des conditions d’entr\u00e9e de 6 MPa, t = 275,6 \u00b0 C, x = 1 (point C).\u00a0La vapeur sort de cet \u00e9tage de turbine \u00e0 une pression de 1,15 MPa, 186 \u00b0 C et x = 0,87 (point D).\u00a0D\u00e9terminez la qualit\u00e9 de vapeur de la vapeur lorsqu’elle est \u00e9trangl\u00e9e de 1,15 MPa \u00e0 1,0 MPa.\u00a0Supposons que le processus est adiabatique et qu’aucun travail n’est effectu\u00e9 par le syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Voir aussi:\u00a0<\/span>Tables Steam<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

    Solution:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    L’enthalpie pour l’\u00e9tat D doit \u00eatre calcul\u00e9e en utilisant la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur:<\/span><\/p>\n

    h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>D, humide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>D, vapeur<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0x + (1 – x) h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>D, liquide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0= 2782.\u00a00,87 + (1 – 0,87).\u00a0790 = 2420 + 103 =<\/span>\u00a02523 kJ \/ kg<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

    Comme il s’agit d’un processus isenthalpique, nous connaissons l’enthalpie pour le point T. \u00c0 partir des tables de vapeur, nous devons trouver la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur en utilisant la m\u00eame \u00e9quation et en r\u00e9solvant l’\u00e9quation de la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur, x:<\/span><\/p>\n

    h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, humide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, vapeur<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0x + (1 – x) h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, liquide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

    x = (\u00a0<\/span>h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, humide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0– h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, liquide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0) \/ (\u00a0<\/span>h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, vapeur<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0– h\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T, liquide<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0) = (2523 – 762) \/ (2777 – 762) = 0,874 = 87,4%<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"processus<\/a><\/p>\n

    Dans ce cas du processus d’\u00e9tranglement (1,15 MPa \u00e0 1 MPa), la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur augmente de 87% \u00e0 87,4% et la temp\u00e9rature diminue de 186 \u00b0 C \u00e0 179,9 \u00b0 C.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

    \n
    \n
    \"Limitation<\/a>
    La limitation de la vapeur humide provoque g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une augmentation de la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur, une augmentation de l’entropie et une diminution de la temp\u00e9rature.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l’article original en anglais. Pour plus d’informations, voir l’article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l’adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Exemple de r\u00e9gulation et de processus isenthalpique. D\u00e9terminez la qualit\u00e9 de la vapeur de la vapeur lorsque r\u00e9gul\u00e9e de 1,15 MPa \u00e0 1,0 MPa. G\u00e9nie thermique Processus de limitation – Processus isenthalpique Un\u00a0processus d’\u00e9tranglement\u00a0est un\u00a0processus thermodynamique\u00a0, dans lequel l’\u00a0enthalpie\u00a0du gaz ou du milieu\u00a0reste constante (h = const)\u00a0.\u00a0En fait, le\u00a0processus d’\u00e9tranglement\u00a0est l’un des\u00a0processus isenthalpiques\u00a0.\u00a0Pendant le processus … Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nL'exemple de l'\u00e9tranglement et du processus isenthalpique - D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Exemple de r\u00e9gulation et de processus isenthalpique. 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