{"id":45911,"date":"2019-10-20T10:53:30","date_gmt":"2019-10-20T09:53:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quel-est-lexemple-de-volume-definition\/"},"modified":"2020-02-26T13:17:41","modified_gmt":"2020-02-26T12:17:41","slug":"quel-est-lexemple-de-volume-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quel-est-lexemple-de-volume-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"L&#8217;exemple de volume &#8211; D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Exemples de volumes.\u00a0Le volume est une quantit\u00e9 physique de base.\u00a0Voici des exemples avec le volume de l\u2019atome, du noyau et du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur.\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Quel est le volume<\/h2>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/what-is-volume-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-16483 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/what-is-volume-min-300x300.png\" alt=\"quel est le volume - la physique\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/what-is-volume-min-300x300.png\" \/><\/a>Le volume<\/strong>\u00a0est une\u00a0<strong>quantit\u00e9 physique de<\/strong>\u00a0base\u00a0.\u00a0<strong>Le volume<\/strong>\u00a0est une quantit\u00e9 d\u00e9riv\u00e9e qui exprime l&#8217;\u00a0<strong>\u00e9tendue tridimensionnelle<\/strong>\u00a0d&#8217;un\u00a0<strong>objet<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Le volume est souvent quantifi\u00e9 num\u00e9riquement \u00e0 l&#8217;aide de l&#8217;unit\u00e9 d\u00e9riv\u00e9e du SI, le\u00a0<strong>m\u00e8tre cube<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Par exemple, le volume \u00e0 l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur d&#8217;une\u00a0<strong>sph\u00e8re<\/strong>\u00a0(c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire le volume d&#8217;une balle) est\u00a0<strong>calcul\u00e9<\/strong>\u00a0comme \u00e9tant\u00a0<strong>V = 4 \/ 3\u03c0r\u00a0<\/strong><strong><sup>3<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0, o\u00f9 r est le rayon de la sph\u00e8re.\u00a0Autre exemple, le volume d&#8217;un cube est \u00e9gal \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 fois c\u00f4t\u00e9 fois.\u00a0Comme chaque c\u00f4t\u00e9 d&#8217;un carr\u00e9 est identique, il peut simplement s&#8217;agir de la longueur d&#8217;un c\u00f4t\u00e9\u00a0<strong>coup\u00e9 en cubes<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p>Si une case a un c\u00f4t\u00e9 de 3 m\u00e8tres, le volume sera de 3 m\u00e8tres x 3 m\u00e8tres x 3 m\u00e8tres, soit 27 m\u00e8tres cubes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Exemple: volume d&#8217;un atome et d&#8217;un noyau<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11250\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11250\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Structure-of-Matter.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11250 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Structure-of-Matter-300x132.jpg\" alt=\"Structure de la mati\u00e8re.\" width=\"300\" height=\"132\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Structure-of-Matter-300x132.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11250\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Structure de la mati\u00e8re.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span>L&#8217;atome est<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0constitu\u00e9 d&#8217;un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>noyau<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0petit mais massif\u00a0entour\u00e9 d&#8217;un nuage d&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00e9lectrons se<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0d\u00e9pla\u00e7ant rapidement\u00a0.\u00a0Le noyau est compos\u00e9 de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>protons et de\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/fundamental-particles\/neutron\/\"><strong><span>neutrons<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Les rayons nucl\u00e9aires typiques sont de l&#8217;ordre de 10 \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>14<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m.\u00a0En supposant une forme sph\u00e9rique, les rayons nucl\u00e9aires peuvent \u00eatre calcul\u00e9s selon la formule suivante:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>r = r\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>0<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>1\/3<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span>o\u00f9 r\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>0<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1,2 x\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>10-15<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m = 1,2 fm<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Si nous utilisons cette approximation, nous nous attendons donc \u00e0 ce que le volume du noyau soit de l&#8217;ordre de 4 \/ 3\u03c0r\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>3<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0ou 7,23 \u00d7 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>-45<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>3<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0pour les noyaux d&#8217;hydrog\u00e8ne ou 1721 \u00d7 10\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>-45<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>3<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0pour les\u00a0noyaux\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-fuel\/uranium\/uranium-238\/\"><sup><span>238<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0U.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><span>Ce sont des volumes de noyaux et de noyaux atomiques (protons et neutrons) contenant environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>99,95%<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de la masse de l&#8217;atome.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Volume de liquide de refroidissement dans le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_102\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-102\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/WWER_nuclear_reactor.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-102 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/WWER_nuclear_reactor-300x288.jpg\" alt=\"R\u00e9acteur nucl\u00e9aire - WWER 1200\" width=\"300\" height=\"288\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/WWER_nuclear_reactor-300x288.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-102\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>R\u00e9acteur nucl\u00e9aire et syst\u00e8me de refroidissement primaire du WWER-1200.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Source: gidropress.podolsk.ru<\/span><br \/>\n<span>utilis\u00e9 avec la permission de \u0410\u041e \u041e\u041a\u0411 \u201c\u0413\u0418\u0414\u0420\u041e\u041f\u0420\u0415\u0421\u0421\u201d<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Dans les\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"PWR - R\u00e9acteur \u00e0 eau sous pression\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/pwr-pressurized-water-reactor\/\"><strong><span>r\u00e9acteurs \u00e0 eau sous pression<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0(REP)\u00a0modernes et typiques\u00a0, le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>syst\u00e8me de refroidissement<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0du\u00a0<strong>r\u00e9acteur<\/strong>\u00a0(RCS), illustr\u00e9 sur la figure, se compose de:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"R\u00e9cipient sous pression du r\u00e9acteur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor\/reactor-pressure-vessel\/\"><strong><span>cuve<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0du\u00a0<a title=\"R\u00e9cipient sous pression du r\u00e9acteur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-reactor\/reactor-pressure-vessel\/\"><strong>r\u00e9acteur<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, qui contient le\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Combustible nucl\u00e9aire\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/nuclear-fuel\/\"><span>combustible nucl\u00e9aire<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<li><span>quatre\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>boucles de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0transfert de chaleur parall\u00e8les\u00a0reli\u00e9es \u00e0 une cuve de r\u00e9acteur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>chaque boucle contient une\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Pompe de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/reactor-coolant-pump\/\"><strong><span>pompe de refroidissement principale<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0et un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"G\u00e9n\u00e9rateur de vapeur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/steam-generator\/\"><strong><span>g\u00e9n\u00e9rateur de vapeur<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>le syst\u00e8me comprend un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Pressuriseur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/pressurizer\/\"><strong><span>pressuriseur<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><span>et ses syst\u00e8mes auxiliaires<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Tous les composants RCS sont situ\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#8217;int\u00e9rieur du\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"B\u00e2timent de confinement\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/containment-building\/\"><span>b\u00e2timent de confinement<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En fonctionnement normal, il y a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Liquide satur\u00e9 et sous-refroidi\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-nuclear-engineering\/properties-steam-what-is-steam\/saturated-and-subcooled-liquid\/\"><span>de l&#8217;eau liquide comprim\u00e9e \u00e0 l&#8217;<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0int\u00e9rieur de la cuve du r\u00e9acteur, des boucles et des g\u00e9n\u00e9rateurs de vapeur.\u00a0La pression est maintenue \u00e0 environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>16 MPa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00c0 cette pression, l&#8217;eau bout \u00e0 environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>350 \u00b0 C<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(662 \u00b0 F).\u00a0La temp\u00e9rature d&#8217;entr\u00e9e de l&#8217;eau est d&#8217;environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>290 \u00b0 C<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(554 \u00b0 F).\u00a0L&#8217;eau (liquide de refroidissement) est chauff\u00e9e dans le c\u0153ur du r\u00e9acteur \u00e0 environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>325 \u00b0 C<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(617 \u00b0 F) lorsque l&#8217;eau s&#8217;\u00e9coule \u00e0 travers le c\u0153ur.\u00a0Comme on peut le voir, le r\u00e9acteur contient environ 25 \u00b0 C de liquide de refroidissement sous-refroidi (distance de la saturation).<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Volume-of-reactor-coolant-system.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-16481 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Volume-of-reactor-coolant-system.png\" alt=\"syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du volume du r\u00e9acteur\" width=\"262\" height=\"478\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Volume-of-reactor-coolant-system.png\" \/><\/a><span>Cette haute pression est maintenue par le\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/pressurizer\/\"><span>pressuriseur<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, un r\u00e9cipient s\u00e9par\u00e9 qui est connect\u00e9 au circuit primaire (jambe chaude) et partiellement rempli d&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de l'eau\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-nuclear-engineering\/properties-of-water\/\"><span>eau<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(partiellement avec\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s de Steam - Qu'est-ce que Steam\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-steam-proprietes-de-steam-definition\/\"><span>de la vapeur satur\u00e9e<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0) qui est chauff\u00e9e \u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Saturation - point d'\u00e9bullition\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-la-saturation-point-debullition-definition\/\"><strong><span>temp\u00e9rature de saturation<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><span>(point d&#8217;\u00e9bullition) pour la pression souhait\u00e9e par\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>radiateurs \u00e9lectriques<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0immerg\u00e9s\u00a0.\u00a0La temp\u00e9rature dans le pressuriseur peut \u00eatre maintenue \u00e0 350 \u00b0 C.\u00a0Dans des conditions normales, environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>60%<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0du volume du pressuriseur occupe l&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eau comprim\u00e9e<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et environ\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>40%<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0du volume occupe la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>vapeur satur\u00e9e<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Les volumes de PWR typiques sont dans le tableau suivant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Il s&#8217;agit d&#8217;un exemple illustratif, les donn\u00e9es suivantes\u00a0<\/span><span>ne<\/span><span>\u00a0correspondent \u00e0 aucune conception de r\u00e9acteur.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Il faut noter que le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>volume de liquide de refroidissement\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>change de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0mani\u00e8re significative\u00a0avec la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temp\u00e9rature<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0du liquide de refroidissement.\u00a0La\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>masse totale<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0du liquide de refroidissement reste toujours la m\u00eame, un changement de volume d&#8217;eau n&#8217;est pas un changement de stock d&#8217;eau.\u00a0Le volume de liquide de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur change avec la temp\u00e9rature en raison des\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Changements de densit\u00e9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-density-physics\/changes-of-density\/\"><strong><span>changements de densit\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0La plupart des substances se\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dilatent\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span><strong>lorsqu&#8217;elles sont\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>chauff\u00e9es<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et se\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>contractent lorsqu&#8217;elles sont refroidies<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Cependant, la quantit\u00e9 d&#8217;expansion ou de contraction varie selon le mat\u00e9riau.\u00a0Ce ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne est connu sous le nom\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>de dilatation thermique<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Le changement de volume d&#8217;un mat\u00e9riau qui subit un changement de temp\u00e9rature est donn\u00e9 par la relation suivante:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-expansion.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16267 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-expansion.png\" alt=\"dilatation thermique\" width=\"130\" height=\"62\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-expansion.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>o\u00f9 \u2206T est le changement de temp\u00e9rature, V est le volume d&#8217;origine, \u2206V est le changement de volume et\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u03b1\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>V<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0est le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coefficient de dilatation du volume<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14174\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14174\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/water-density-temperature.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14174 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/water-density-temperature-300x211.png\" alt=\"Graphique - densit\u00e9 - eau - temp\u00e9rature\" width=\"300\" height=\"211\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/water-density-temperature-300x211.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14174\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Densit\u00e9 de l&#8217;eau liquide (comprim\u00e9e) en fonction de la temp\u00e9rature de l&#8217;eau<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coefficient de dilatation thermique volum\u00e9trique<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pour l&#8217;eau n&#8217;est\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>pas constant<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0sur la plage de temp\u00e9rature et augmente avec la temp\u00e9rature (en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>particulier \u00e0 300 \u00b0 C<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0), donc le changement de densit\u00e9 n&#8217;est\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>pas lin\u00e9aire<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0avec la temp\u00e9rature (comme indiqu\u00e9 sur la figure).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Voir aussi:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Tables \u00e0 vapeur - Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques de l'eau et de la vapeur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/steam-tables\/\"><span>Tables Steam<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Dans des conditions normales,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0le volume total de liquide de refroidissement dans le syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur est presque constant.\u00a0D&#8217;un autre c\u00f4t\u00e9,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dans des conditions de charge transitoire,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>volume peut changer consid\u00e9rablement<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Ces changements se refl\u00e8tent naturellement dans un changement du niveau d&#8217;eau du pressuriseur.\u00a0Lorsque la temp\u00e9rature moyenne du liquide de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur baisse progressivement, le volume total d&#8217;eau diminue \u00e9galement, ce qui abaisse le niveau du pressuriseur.\u00a0Lors d&#8217;une reprise progressive de la charge, l&#8217;augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature moyenne du liquide de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur provoque une augmentation du volume total d&#8217;eau, ce qui augmente le niveau du pressuriseur.\u00a0Ces effets doivent \u00eatre contr\u00f4l\u00e9s par le syst\u00e8me de contr\u00f4le du niveau du pressuriseur.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l&#8217;article original en anglais. Pour plus d&#8217;informations, voir l&#8217;article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l&#8217;adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Exemples de volumes.\u00a0Le volume est une quantit\u00e9 physique de base.\u00a0Voici des exemples avec le volume de l\u2019atome, du noyau et du syst\u00e8me de refroidissement du r\u00e9acteur.\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique Quel est le volume Le volume\u00a0est une\u00a0quantit\u00e9 physique de\u00a0base\u00a0.\u00a0Le volume\u00a0est une quantit\u00e9 d\u00e9riv\u00e9e qui exprime l&#8217;\u00a0\u00e9tendue tridimensionnelle\u00a0d&#8217;un\u00a0objet\u00a0.\u00a0Le volume est souvent quantifi\u00e9 num\u00e9riquement \u00e0 l&#8217;aide de l&#8217;unit\u00e9 d\u00e9riv\u00e9e du &#8230; <a title=\"L&#8217;exemple de volume &#8211; D\u00e9finition\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quel-est-lexemple-de-volume-definition\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur L&#8217;exemple de volume &#8211; D\u00e9finition\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;exemple de volume - D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Exemples de volumes. 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