{"id":46394,"date":"2019-10-22T01:38:38","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T00:38:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quest-ce-que-le-changement-de-phase-transition-de-phase-definition\/"},"modified":"2020-03-01T09:26:39","modified_gmt":"2020-03-01T08:26:39","slug":"quest-ce-que-le-changement-de-phase-transition-de-phase-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-le-changement-de-phase-transition-de-phase-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&#8217;est-ce que le changement de phase &#8211; transition de phase &#8211; d\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">En thermodynamique, un changement de phase ou \u00e9galement une transition de phase est une transition entre les \u00e9tats de mati\u00e8re solide, liquide et gazeux et, dans de rares cas, le plasma.\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Exemples<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"inside-grid-column\">Evaporation de l&#8217;eau \u00e0 pression atmosph\u00e9rique<\/li>\n<li class=\"inside-grid-column\">Evaporation de l&#8217;eau \u00e0 haute pression<\/li>\n<li class=\"inside-grid-column\">Evaporation de l&#8217;eau \u00e0 haute pression &#8211; Bilan \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique dans un g\u00e9n\u00e9rateur de vapeur\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Sublimation<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16113\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16113\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Sublimation-Desublimation-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16113 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Sublimation-Desublimation-min-300x253.png\" alt=\"sublimation\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Sublimation-Desublimation-min-300x253.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16113\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Source: wikipedia.org CC BY-SA<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>sublimation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>changement<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>phase<\/strong>\u00a0d&#8217;une substance directement de la phase solide \u00e0 la phase gazeuse sans passer par la phase liquide interm\u00e9diaire.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>La sublimation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>changement de phase endothermique<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0qui se produit \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures et des pressions\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>inf\u00e9rieures au point triple d&#8217;une substance<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0dans son diagramme de phases.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Consid\u00e9rons la glace \u00e0 -10 \u00b0 C et \u00e0 la pression de 500 Pa. Dans ce cas, le transfert de chaleur vers la glace entra\u00eene d&#8217;abord une augmentation de la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 -8 \u00b0 C.\u00a0\u00c0 ce stade, cependant, la glace passe directement de la phase solide \u00e0 la phase vapeur dans le processus connu sous le nom de sublimation.\u00a0La chaleur correspondante est appel\u00e9e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>chaleur de sublimation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>s<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Un transfert de chaleur suppl\u00e9mentaire entra\u00eenerait une surchauffe de la vapeur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La sublimation \u00e9tant un changement de phase endothermique, elle n\u00e9cessite une \u00e9nergie suppl\u00e9mentaire.\u00a0Cette \u00e9nergie suppl\u00e9mentaire requise peut \u00eatre calcul\u00e9e en ajoutant l&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>enthalpie de fusion<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et l&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>enthalpie de vaporisation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et est connue sous le nom d&#8217;enthalpie de sublimation (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9e chaleur de sublimation).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pour certaines substances, la sublimation est beaucoup plus facile que l&#8217;\u00e9vaporation de la masse fondue.\u00a0Cela d\u00e9pend de leur triple point.\u00a0Lorsque la pression de son point triple est trop \u00e9lev\u00e9e, il est difficile de les obtenir sous forme liquide.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Le processus inverse de sublimation est la d\u00e9sublimation, dans laquelle une substance passe directement d&#8217;un gaz \u00e0 une phase solide.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>D\u00e9sublimation<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16113\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16113\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Sublimation-Desublimation-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16113 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Sublimation-Desublimation-min-300x253.png\" alt=\"sublimation\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Sublimation-Desublimation-min-300x253.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16113\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Source: wikipedia.org CC BY-SA<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>d\u00e9sublimation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(ou\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>d\u00e9p\u00f4t<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) est une\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>transition<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>phase<\/strong>\u00a0d&#8217;une substance\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>directement<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>phase gazeuse<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>phase solide<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0sans passer par la phase liquide interm\u00e9diaire.\u00a0La d\u00e9sublimation est un\u00a0<strong>changement de\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>phase exothermique<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<span>qui se produit \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures et des pressions\u00a0<strong>inf\u00e9rieures<\/strong>\u00a0au\u00a0<strong>point triple d&#8217;<\/strong>\u00a0une substance\u00a0dans son diagramme de phases.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Consid\u00e9rez la vapeur d&#8217;eau \u00e0 -5 \u00b0 C et \u00e0 la pression de 500 Pa. Dans ce cas, lorsque la chaleur est extraite de la vapeur d&#8217;eau, la vapeur entra\u00eene une diminution de la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 -8 \u00b0 C.\u00a0\u00c0 ce stade, cependant, la vapeur passe directement de la phase gazeuse \u00e0 la phase solide dans le processus appel\u00e9 d\u00e9sublimation.\u00a0La chaleur correspondante est appel\u00e9e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>chaleur de sublimation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>s<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La d\u00e9sublimation \u00e9tant un changement de phase exothermique, elle lib\u00e8re de l&#8217;\u00e9nergie.\u00a0Cette \u00e9nergie lib\u00e9r\u00e9e peut \u00eatre calcul\u00e9e en ajoutant l&#8217;enthalpie de fusion et l&#8217;enthalpie de vaporisation et est connue sous le nom d&#8217;enthalpie de sublimation (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9e chaleur de sublimation).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pour certaines substances, la d\u00e9sublimation est beaucoup plus facile que le passage en phase liquide.\u00a0Cela d\u00e9pend de leur triple point.\u00a0Lorsque la pression de son point triple est trop \u00e9lev\u00e9e, il est difficile de les obtenir sous forme liquide.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Le processus inverse de d\u00e9sublimation est la sublimation, dans laquelle une substance passe directement d&#8217;un solide \u00e0 une phase gazeuse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Un exemple de d\u00e9sublimation est lorsque le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>givre se<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0forme sur une feuille en hiver.\u00a0Pour que la d\u00e9sublimation se produise, l&#8217;\u00e9nergie thermique doit \u00eatre retir\u00e9e d&#8217;un gaz.\u00a0Par cons\u00e9quent, lorsque la feuille devient suffisamment froide, la vapeur d&#8217;eau dans l&#8217;air entourant la feuille peut perdre suffisamment d&#8217;\u00e9nergie thermique pour se transformer directement en solide.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l&#8217;article original en anglais. Pour plus d&#8217;informations, voir l&#8217;article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l&#8217;adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En thermodynamique, un changement de phase ou \u00e9galement une transition de phase est une transition entre les \u00e9tats de mati\u00e8re solide, liquide et gazeux et, dans de rares cas, le plasma.\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique Exemples Evaporation de l&#8217;eau \u00e0 pression atmosph\u00e9rique Evaporation de l&#8217;eau \u00e0 haute pression Evaporation de l&#8217;eau \u00e0 haute pression &#8211; Bilan \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique dans &#8230; <a title=\"Qu&#8217;est-ce que le changement de phase &#8211; transition de phase &#8211; d\u00e9finition\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-le-changement-de-phase-transition-de-phase-definition\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Qu&#8217;est-ce que le changement de phase &#8211; transition de phase &#8211; d\u00e9finition\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu&#039;est-ce que le changement de phase - transition de phase - d\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"En thermodynamique, un changement de phase ou aussi une transition de phase est une transition entre les \u00e9tats de mati\u00e8re solide, liquide et gazeux et, dans de rares cas, le plasma. 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