{"id":46667,"date":"2019-10-23T00:16:16","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T23:16:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quelle-est-la-rugosite-relative-dun-tuyau-definition\/"},"modified":"2020-03-02T16:33:13","modified_gmt":"2020-03-02T15:33:13","slug":"quelle-est-la-rugosite-relative-dun-tuyau-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quelle-est-la-rugosite-relative-dun-tuyau-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Quelle est la rugosit\u00e9 relative d&#8217;un tuyau &#8211; D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">La quantit\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour mesurer la rugosit\u00e9 de la surface interne du tuyau s&#8217;appelle la rugosit\u00e9 relative. Il est \u00e9gal \u00e0 la hauteur des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de surface (\u03b5) divis\u00e9e par le diam\u00e8tre du tuyau (D). G\u00e9nie thermique<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Rugosit\u00e9 relative<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>La quantit\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour mesurer la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>rugosit\u00e9 de la surface int\u00e9rieure du tuyau<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est appel\u00e9e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>rugosit\u00e9 relative<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, et elle est \u00e9gale \u00e0 la hauteur moyenne des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de surface (\u03b5) divis\u00e9e par le diam\u00e8tre du tuyau (D).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relative-roughness-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-14577 aligncenter lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relative-roughness-equation.png\" alt=\"rugosit\u00e9 relative - \u00e9quation\" width=\"243\" height=\"64\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relative-roughness-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>, o\u00f9 les irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de surface de hauteur moyenne et le diam\u00e8tre du tuyau sont exprim\u00e9s en millim\u00e8tres.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Si nous connaissons la rugosit\u00e9 relative de la surface int\u00e9rieure du tuyau, nous pouvons obtenir la valeur du\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>facteur<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>friction \u00e0<\/strong>\u00a0partir du\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diagramme de Moody<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Le diagramme de Moody (\u00e9galement connu sous le nom de diagramme de Moody) est un graphique sous forme non dimensionnelle qui met en relation\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>le facteur de friction Darcy<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nombre de Reynolds<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>rugosit\u00e9 relative<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pour un \u00e9coulement pleinement d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 dans un tuyau circulaire.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relative-roughness-absolute-roughness-friction-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14587 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relative-roughness-absolute-roughness-friction-min.png\" alt=\"rugosit\u00e9 relative - rugosit\u00e9 absolue\" width=\"390\" height=\"691\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/relative-roughness-absolute-roughness-friction-min.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Sommaire:<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span>La perte de charge du syst\u00e8me hydraulique est divis\u00e9e en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>deux cat\u00e9gories principales<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Perte de charge importante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; due au frottement dans des tuyaux droits<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Perte de charge mineure<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; due \u00e0 des composants comme des valves, des coudes\u2026<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"\u00c9quation de Darcy-Weisbach\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/darcy-weisbach-equation\/\"><strong><span>L&#8217;\u00e9quation de Darcy<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour calculer<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0les pertes majeures<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Facteur de friction Darcy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-le-facteur-de-friction-de-darcy-definition\/\"><span>Le\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>facteur de friction<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0pour l&#8217;\u00e9coulement du fluide peut \u00eatre d\u00e9termin\u00e9 \u00e0 l&#8217;aide d&#8217;un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Diagramme Moody\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/moody-diagram\/\"><strong><span>diagramme de Moody<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-14429 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"Tableau humeur-min\" width=\"300\" height=\"188\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min-300x188.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Facteur de friction pour le flux laminaire\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/friction-factor-for-laminar-flow\/\"><strong><span>Le facteur de friction<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0pour l&#8217;\u00e9coulement laminaire<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0est<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0ind\u00e9pendant de la rugosit\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de la surface int\u00e9rieure du tuyau.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>f = 64 \/ Re<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Facteur de friction pour \u00e9coulement turbulent - \u00c9quation de Colebrook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/friction-factor-turbulent-flow-colebrook\/\"><strong><span>Le facteur de frottement<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0pour un \u00e9coulement turbulent<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0\u00a0d\u00e9pend fortement de la<\/span><strong><a title=\"Rugosit\u00e9 relative du tuyau\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/relative-roughness-of-pipe\/\"><span>\u00a0rugosit\u00e9 relative<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Elle est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e par l&#8217;\u00e9quation de Colebrook.\u00a0Il faut noter<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0qu&#8217;aux tr\u00e8s grands nombres de Reynolds<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, le facteur de friction est ind\u00e9pendant du nombre de Reynolds.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span>Pourquoi la perte de t\u00eate est tr\u00e8s importante?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Comme on peut le voir sur la photo, la perte de charge est\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>une caract\u00e9ristique cl\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de tout syst\u00e8me hydraulique.\u00a0Dans les syst\u00e8mes dans lesquels un certain d\u00e9bit doit \u00eatre maintenu (par exemple pour assurer un refroidissement ou un transfert de chaleur suffisant \u00e0 partir d&#8217;un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Noyau du r\u00e9acteur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reactor-physics.com\/what-is-reactor-core-definition\/\"><span>c\u0153ur de r\u00e9acteur<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0),\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>l&#8217;\u00e9quilibre<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perte de charge<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et de la\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>t\u00eate ajout\u00e9e<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0par une pompe d\u00e9termine le d\u00e9bit \u00e0 travers le syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14299\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14299\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14299 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H-300x207.png\" alt=\"Diagramme caract\u00e9ristique QH de la pompe centrifuge et de la canalisation\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H-300x207.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14299\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagramme caract\u00e9ristique QH de la pompe centrifuge et de la canalisation<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/darcy-friction-factor-relative-roughness-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14586 alignright lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/darcy-friction-factor-relative-roughness-min-285x300.png\" alt=\"facteur de friction darcy - rugosit\u00e9 relative\" width=\"285\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/darcy-friction-factor-relative-roughness-min-285x300.png\" \/><\/a><span>Il faut noter qu&#8217;aux\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>tr\u00e8s grands nombres de Reynolds<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>le facteur de friction est ind\u00e9pendant du nombre de Reynolds<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0En effet, l&#8217;\u00e9paisseur de la sous-couche laminaire (sous-couche visqueuse) diminue avec l&#8217;augmentation du nombre de Reynolds.\u00a0Pour les tr\u00e8s grands nombres de Reynolds, l&#8217;\u00e9paisseur de la sous-couche laminaire est comparable \u00e0 la rugosit\u00e9 de la surface et elle influence directement l&#8217;\u00e9coulement.\u00a0La sous-couche laminaire devient si mince que la rugosit\u00e9 de surface fait saillie dans l&#8217;\u00e9coulement.\u00a0Les pertes par frottement dans ce cas sont produites dans le flux principal principalement par les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de rugosit\u00e9 saillants, et la contribution de la sous-couche laminaire est n\u00e9gligeable.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l&#8217;article original en anglais. Pour plus d&#8217;informations, voir l&#8217;article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l&#8217;adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La quantit\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour mesurer la rugosit\u00e9 de la surface interne du tuyau s&#8217;appelle la rugosit\u00e9 relative. Il est \u00e9gal \u00e0 la hauteur des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de surface (\u03b5) divis\u00e9e par le diam\u00e8tre du tuyau (D). G\u00e9nie thermique Rugosit\u00e9 relative La quantit\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour mesurer la\u00a0rugosit\u00e9 de la surface int\u00e9rieure du tuyau\u00a0est appel\u00e9e\u00a0rugosit\u00e9 relative\u00a0, et elle &#8230; <a title=\"Quelle est la rugosit\u00e9 relative d&#8217;un tuyau &#8211; D\u00e9finition\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quelle-est-la-rugosite-relative-dun-tuyau-definition\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Quelle est la rugosit\u00e9 relative d&#8217;un tuyau &#8211; D\u00e9finition\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Quelle est la rugosit\u00e9 relative d&#039;un tuyau - D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La quantit\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour mesurer la rugosit\u00e9 de la surface interne du tuyau est appel\u00e9e la rugosit\u00e9 relative. Il est \u00e9gal \u00e0 la hauteur des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de surface (\u03b5) divis\u00e9e par le diam\u00e8tre du tuyau (D). G\u00e9nie thermique\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quelle-est-la-rugosite-relative-dun-tuyau-definition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Quelle est la rugosit\u00e9 relative d&#039;un tuyau - D\u00e9finition\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La quantit\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e pour mesurer la rugosit\u00e9 de la surface interne du tuyau est appel\u00e9e la rugosit\u00e9 relative. Il est \u00e9gal \u00e0 la hauteur des irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s de surface (\u03b5) divis\u00e9e par le diam\u00e8tre du tuyau (D). 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