{"id":46804,"date":"2019-11-01T19:36:17","date_gmt":"2019-11-01T18:36:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quelle-est-la-methode-de-longueur-de-tuyau-equivalent-definition\/"},"modified":"2020-03-02T17:04:17","modified_gmt":"2020-03-02T16:04:17","slug":"quelle-est-la-methode-de-longueur-de-tuyau-equivalent-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quelle-est-la-methode-de-longueur-de-tuyau-equivalent-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Quelle est la m\u00e9thode de longueur de tuyau \u00e9quivalent &#8211; D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">La m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente (m\u00e9thode Le \/ D) permet \u00e0 l&#8217;utilisateur de d\u00e9crire la perte de charge \u00e0 travers un coude ou un raccord comme une longueur de tuyau droit. G\u00e9nie thermique<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>M\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>La m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(\u00a0<strong>m\u00e9thode\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>e<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ D<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) permet \u00e0 l&#8217;utilisateur de d\u00e9crire la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Perte de t\u00eate mineure - Pertes locales\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/minor-head-loss-local-losses\/\"><span>perte de pression \u00e0<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0travers un coude ou un raccord comme une\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>longueur de tuyau droit<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Cette m\u00e9thode est bas\u00e9e sur l&#8217;observation que les pertes importantes sont \u00e9galement proportionnelles \u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"T\u00eate de vitesse\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/bernoullis-equation-bernoullis-principle\/velocity-head\/\"><span>t\u00eate de vitesse<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(\u00a0<\/span><strong><em><span>v\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><em><span>\u00a0\/ 2g<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>\u00a0).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/equivalent-length-method.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14695 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/equivalent-length-method.png\" alt=\"m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente\" width=\"166\" height=\"62\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/equivalent-length-method.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>La\u00a0m\u00e9thode\u00a0L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>e<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ D\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>augmente simplement le facteur multiplicateur<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0dans l&#8217;\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"\u00c9quation de Darcy-Weisbach\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/darcy-weisbach-equation\/\"><strong><span>\u00e9quation de Darcy-Weisbach<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0(c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire\u00a0<strong><em>\u0192.L \/ D<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0) par une longueur de tuyau droit (c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire\u00a0<em>L\u00a0<\/em><em><sub>e<\/sub><\/em>\u00a0) qui donnerait lieu \u00e0 une perte de pression \u00e9quivalente aux pertes dans le raccords, d&#8217;o\u00f9 le nom de \u00ablongueur \u00e9quivalente\u00bb.\u00a0Le facteur multiplicateur devient donc\u00a0<strong><em>\u0192 (L + L\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub>e<\/sub><\/em><\/strong><strong><em>\u00a0) \/ D<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0et l&#8217;\u00e9quation pour le calcul de la perte de charge du syst\u00e8me est donc:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/equivalent-length.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14694 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/equivalent-length.png\" alt=\"longueur \u00e9quivalente\" width=\"235\" height=\"78\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/equivalent-length.png\" \/><\/a><span>Tous les raccords, coudes, t\u00e9s peuvent \u00eatre additionn\u00e9s pour faire\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>une longueur totale<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et la perte de pression calcul\u00e9e \u00e0 partir de cette longueur.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 constat\u00e9 exp\u00e9rimentalement<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que si les longueurs \u00e9quivalentes pour une gamme de tailles d&#8217;un type donn\u00e9 de raccord sont divis\u00e9es par les\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diam\u00e8tres<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0des raccords, alors un rapport presque constant (c&#8217;est-\u00e0-dire L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>e<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ D) est obtenu.\u00a0L&#8217;avantage de la m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente est qu&#8217;une seule valeur de donn\u00e9es est suffisante pour\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>couvrir toutes les tailles<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de cet ajustement et donc la tabulation de donn\u00e9es de longueur \u00e9quivalente est relativement facile.\u00a0Certaines longueurs \u00e9quivalentes typiques sont indiqu\u00e9es dans le tableau.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Voir aussi:\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.katmarsoftware.com\/articles\/pipe-fitting-equivalent-length.htm\"><span>Logiciel de dimensionnement de tuyaux et de calcul de d\u00e9bit<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/table-of-equivalent-lengths-valves-elbows-bends.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14693 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/table-of-equivalent-lengths-valves-elbows-bends.png\" alt=\"tableau des longueurs \u00e9quivalentes - soupapes, coudes, coudes\" width=\"260\" height=\"256\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/table-of-equivalent-lengths-valves-elbows-bends.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Sommaire:<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span>La perte de charge du syst\u00e8me hydraulique est divis\u00e9e en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>deux cat\u00e9gories principales<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Perte de t\u00eate majeure - Perte par friction\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/\"><strong><span>Perte de charge importante<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0&#8211; due au frottement dans des tuyaux droits<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Perte de t\u00eate mineure - Pertes locales\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/minor-head-loss-local-losses\/\"><strong><span>Perte de charge mineure<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0&#8211; due \u00e0 des composants comme des valves, des coudes\u2026<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span>Une\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>forme sp\u00e9ciale de l&#8217;\u00e9quation de Darcy<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour calculer\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>les pertes mineures<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Les pertes mineures sont \u00e0\u00a0peu pr\u00e8s proportionnelle \u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>place du d\u00e9bit<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et par\u00a0cons\u00e9quent ,\u00a0ils peuvent \u00eatre int\u00e9gr\u00e9s facilement dans l&#8217;\u00e9quation de\u00a0Darcy-Weisbach par\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coefficient de r\u00e9sistance K<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>En tant que perte de pression locale,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>l&#8217;acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration du fluide dans un canal chauff\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre envisag\u00e9e.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Il existe les m\u00e9thodes suivantes:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>M\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>M\u00e9thode K (m\u00e9thode du coefficient de r\u00e9sistance)<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>M\u00e9thode 2K<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>M\u00e9thode 3K<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span>Pourquoi la perte de t\u00eate est tr\u00e8s importante?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Comme on peut le voir sur la photo, la perte de charge est\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>une caract\u00e9ristique cl\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de tout syst\u00e8me hydraulique.\u00a0Dans les syst\u00e8mes dans lesquels un certain d\u00e9bit doit \u00eatre maintenu (par exemple pour assurer un refroidissement ou un transfert de chaleur suffisant \u00e0 partir d&#8217;un\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Noyau du r\u00e9acteur\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reactor-physics.com\/what-is-reactor-core-definition\/\"><span>c\u0153ur de r\u00e9acteur<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0),\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>l&#8217;\u00e9quilibre<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perte de charge<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et de la\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>t\u00eate ajout\u00e9e<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0par une pompe d\u00e9termine le d\u00e9bit \u00e0 travers le syst\u00e8me.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14299\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14299\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14299 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H-300x207.png\" alt=\"Diagramme caract\u00e9ristique QH de la pompe centrifuge et de la canalisation\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H-300x207.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14299\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagramme caract\u00e9ristique QH de la pompe centrifuge et de la canalisation<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l&#8217;article original en anglais. Pour plus d&#8217;informations, voir l&#8217;article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l&#8217;adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente (m\u00e9thode Le \/ D) permet \u00e0 l&#8217;utilisateur de d\u00e9crire la perte de charge \u00e0 travers un coude ou un raccord comme une longueur de tuyau droit. G\u00e9nie thermique M\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente La m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente\u00a0(\u00a0m\u00e9thode\u00a0L\u00a0e\u00a0\/ D\u00a0) permet \u00e0 l&#8217;utilisateur de d\u00e9crire la\u00a0perte de pression \u00e0\u00a0travers un coude ou &#8230; <a title=\"Quelle est la m\u00e9thode de longueur de tuyau \u00e9quivalent &#8211; D\u00e9finition\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quelle-est-la-methode-de-longueur-de-tuyau-equivalent-definition\/\" aria-label=\"En savoir plus sur Quelle est la m\u00e9thode de longueur de tuyau \u00e9quivalent &#8211; D\u00e9finition\">Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Quelle est la m\u00e9thode de longueur de tuyau \u00e9quivalent - D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La m\u00e9thode de longueur \u00e9quivalente (m\u00e9thode Le \/ D) permet \u00e0 l&#039;utilisateur de d\u00e9crire la perte de charge \u00e0 travers un coude ou un raccord comme une longueur de tuyau droit. 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