{"id":49419,"date":"2019-11-18T21:19:33","date_gmt":"2019-11-18T20:19:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/quest-ce-que-la-chaleur-specifique-a-volume-et-pression-constants-definition\/"},"modified":"2019-11-18T21:19:33","modified_gmt":"2019-11-18T20:19:33","slug":"quest-ce-que-la-chaleur-specifique-a-volume-et-pression-constants-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-la-chaleur-specifique-a-volume-et-pression-constants-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu’est-ce que la chaleur sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 volume et pression constants – D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"
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La chaleur sp\u00e9cifique est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’\u00e9nergie interne qui est tr\u00e8s importante en thermodynamique.\u00a0Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s intensives cv et cp sont d\u00e9finies pour des substances compressibles pures et simples.\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Chaleur sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 volume et pression constants<\/span><\/h2>\n

La chaleur sp\u00e9cifique<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0\u00a0<\/span>l’\u00e9nergie interne<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0qui est tr\u00e8s importante en thermodynamique.\u00a0Les\u00a0<\/span>propri\u00e9t\u00e9s intensives\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0et\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0sont d\u00e9finies pour les substances compressibles pures et simples en tant que d\u00e9riv\u00e9es partielles de l’\u00a0<\/span>\u00e9nergie interne\u00a0<\/span>u (T, v)<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0et de l’\u00a0<\/span>enthalpie\u00a0<\/span>h (T, p)<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, respectivement:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Chaleur<\/a><\/p>\n

o\u00f9 les indices\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0et\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0d\u00e9signent les variables conserv\u00e9es pendant la diff\u00e9renciation.\u00a0Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0<\/strong>et\u00a0<\/span>c\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0sont appel\u00e9es\u00a0<\/span>chaleurs sp\u00e9cifiques<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(ou\u00a0<\/span>capacit\u00e9s thermiques<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0) car, dans certaines conditions particuli\u00e8res, elles associent le changement de temp\u00e9rature d’un syst\u00e8me \u00e0 la quantit\u00e9 d’\u00e9nergie ajout\u00e9e par transfert de chaleur.\u00a0Les unit\u00e9s SI sont\u00a0<\/span>J \/ kg K<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ou\u00a0<\/span>J \/ mole K<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Deux chaleurs sp\u00e9cifiques sont d\u00e9finies pour les gaz, une pour\u00a0<\/span>le volume constant (c\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0et une pour\u00a0<\/span>la pression constante (c\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0)<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Chaleur<\/a>Selon la\u00a0<\/span>premi\u00e8re loi de la thermodynamique<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, pour un processus \u00e0 volume constant avec un gaz parfait monoatomique, la chaleur sp\u00e9cifique molaire sera:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0= 3 \/ 2R = 12,5 J \/ mol K<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

parce que<\/span><\/p>\n

U = 3 \/ 2nRT<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

On peut d\u00e9duire que la\u00a0<\/span>chaleur sp\u00e9cifique molaire<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e0 pression constante est:<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0= C\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0+ R = 5 \/ 2R = 20,8 J \/ mole K<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Ce\u00a0<\/span>C\u00a0<\/span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la chaleur sp\u00e9cifique molaire \u00e0 volume constant\u00a0<\/span>C\u00a0<\/span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, car il faut maintenant fournir de l’\u00e9nergie\u00a0<\/span>non seulement<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0pour\u00a0<\/span>\u00e9lever la temp\u00e9rature<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0du gaz, mais aussi pour que le\u00a0<\/span>gaz fonctionne,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0car dans ce cas le volume change.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Cet article est bas\u00e9 sur la traduction automatique de l’article original en anglais. Pour plus d’informations, voir l’article en anglais. Pouvez vous nous aider Si vous souhaitez corriger la traduction, envoyez-la \u00e0 l’adresse: translations@nuclear-power.com ou remplissez le formulaire de traduction en ligne. Nous appr\u00e9cions votre aide, nous mettrons \u00e0 jour la traduction le plus rapidement possible. Merci<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La chaleur sp\u00e9cifique est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 l’\u00e9nergie interne qui est tr\u00e8s importante en thermodynamique.\u00a0Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s intensives cv et cp sont d\u00e9finies pour des substances compressibles pures et simples.\u00a0G\u00e9nie thermique Chaleur sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 volume et pression constants La chaleur sp\u00e9cifique\u00a0est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0\u00a0l’\u00e9nergie interne\u00a0qui est tr\u00e8s importante en thermodynamique.\u00a0Les\u00a0propri\u00e9t\u00e9s intensives\u00a0c\u00a0v\u00a0et\u00a0c\u00a0p\u00a0sont d\u00e9finies pour les … Lire la suite<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[8],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nQu'est-ce que la chaleur sp\u00e9cifique \u00e0 volume et pression constants - D\u00e9finition<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La chaleur sp\u00e9cifique est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 li\u00e9e \u00e0 l'\u00e9nergie interne qui est tr\u00e8s importante en thermodynamique. 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