{"id":492457,"date":"2024-07-06T22:54:29","date_gmt":"2024-07-06T21:54:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%a1%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9f%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b5-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%af%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%ab%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%97-%e0%a4%aa\/"},"modified":"2024-07-06T22:54:29","modified_gmt":"2024-07-06T21:54:29","slug":"%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%a1%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9f%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b5-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%af%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%ab%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%97-%e0%a4%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/hi\/%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%a1%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9f%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%b5-%e0%a4%ae%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%af%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%ab%e0%a5%88%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%82%e0%a4%97-%e0%a4%aa\/","title":{"rendered":"\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940: \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 3\u0921\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n

\"\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935<\/p>\n

\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/h2>\n

\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 (Additive Manufacturing) \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0947 3D \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093e\u092e \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u090f\u0915 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u0926\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u0924 \u091c\u094b\u0921\u093c\u0915\u0930 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u0902\u092a\u0930\u093f\u0915 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u0940 \u0909\u092a\u092d\u094b\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0914\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0930\u0942\u0930\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u0932\u0947\u0916 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0939\u092e \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 (Thermodynamics) \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0964<\/p>\n

\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u091f\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0930<\/h2>\n

\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u092e\u091f\u0947\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0932 \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u091c\u092c \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0915, \u0927\u093e\u0924\u0941, \u092f\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092a\u093e\u0909\u0921\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 (Thermal Conductivity): \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0907\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u092a\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092d\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0928\u0940 \u0924\u0947\u091c\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0930 \u0905\u0938\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n
  • \u0939\u0940\u091f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0930 (Heat Transfer): \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u0940\u091f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0930 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u090f \u0930\u0916\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u0939\u0940 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0947 \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0943\u0922\u093c \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e<\/h2>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u091a\u093e\u0930\u0942 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u0902\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (First Law of Thermodynamics): \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0928 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948 \u0914\u0930 \u0928 \u0939\u0940 \u0928\u0937\u094d\u091f \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u090f\u0915 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0926\u0932\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n
  • \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e (Second Law of Thermodynamics): \u092f\u0939 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0903\u0938\u094d\u092b\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0949\u092a\u0940 (\u0915\u0941\u0932 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u0943\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\n

    \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0924\u093e\u0915\u093f \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0930\u091a\u0928\u093e \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u092e\u094d\u0928\u0932\u093f\u0916\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u0939\u0932\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u092a\u0930 \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0926\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091a\u0930 (Process Temperature): \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093f\u0928\u094d\u0928 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0905\u0932\u0917-\u0905\u0932\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0938\u0947\u0938 \u091f\u0947\u092e\u094d\u092a\u0930\u0947\u091a\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n
  • \u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u0947\u091f (Cooling Rate): \u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0930\u0947\u091f \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u0924\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n
  • \u0939\u0940\u091f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091f\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f (Heat Treatment): \u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0928\u0947 \u0909\u0924\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0940\u091f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u091f\u092e\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u092d\u0940 \u092e\u091c\u092c\u0942\u0924 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937<\/h2>\n

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\u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[127],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u090f\u0921\u093f\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u092e\u0948\u0928\u094d\u092f\u0941\u092b\u0948\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940: \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0917\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 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