{"id":492721,"date":"2024-07-06T22:58:32","date_gmt":"2024-07-06T21:58:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%b5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%a1%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bc%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%87%e0%a4%a8-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%b2%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%8f-%e0%a4%89%e0%a4%a8\/"},"modified":"2024-07-06T22:58:32","modified_gmt":"2024-07-06T21:58:32","slug":"%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%b5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%a1%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bc%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%87%e0%a4%a8-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%b2%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%8f-%e0%a4%89%e0%a4%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/hi\/%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%9a%e0%a4%b5%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%8f%e0%a4%b8%e0%a5%80-%e0%a4%a1%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%bc%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%87%e0%a4%a8-%e0%a4%95%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%b2%e0%a4%bf%e0%a4%8f-%e0%a4%89%e0%a4%a8\/","title":{"rendered":"\u090f\u091a\u0935\u0940\u090f\u0938\u0940 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u090f\u091a\u0935\u0940\u090f\u0938\u0940 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0917\u0939\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0909\u092a\u093e\u092f\u0964<\/p>\n

\"\u090f\u091a\u0935\u0940\u090f\u0938\u0940<\/p>\n

\u090f\u091a\u0935\u0940\u090f\u0938\u0940 \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/h2>\n

\u090f\u091a\u0935\u0940\u090f\u0938\u0940 (\u0939\u0940\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917, \u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0940\u0936\u0928\u093f\u0902\u0917) \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u094b \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u091c\u091f\u093f\u0932 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u093f\u0938\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0943\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 (Thermodynamics) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u093e\u0917\u0942 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 HVAC \u0921\u094d\u0930\u093e\u092b\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0924\u093e, \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0941\u0936\u0932 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u092d\u0942\u092e\u093f\u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\n

\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935<\/h2>\n

\u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928, \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092f\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 HVAC \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0907\u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u0928\u093e \u0906\u0935\u0936\u094d\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902\u0915\u093f \u092f\u0947 \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u091c\u094b HVAC \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092e\u0939\u0924\u094d\u0935\u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • \u092a\u0939\u0932\u093e \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e: \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923<\/li>\n
  • \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e: \u090f\u0928\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u094b\u092a\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0922\u093c\u0928\u093e<\/li>\n
  • \u0917\u0948\u0938\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0906\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936 \u0917\u0948\u0938 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e: PV = nRT<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u0938\u094d\u0915\u0942\u0932\u0921 HVAC \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940<\/h2>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u0908 \u0938\u093f\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0902\u0924 HVAC \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0926\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092c\u0928\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0915 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u0939\u0940\u091f \u090f\u0915\u094d\u0938\u091a\u0947\u0902\u091c\u0930\u094d\u0938:<\/b> \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u091c\u0930\u093f\u090f \u090a\u0930\u094d\u091c\u093e \u0930\u0942\u092a\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n
  • \u0930\u0947\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932:<\/b> \u0935\u093e\u0937\u094d\u092a\u0938\u0902\u092a\u0940\u0921\u093c\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938\u0940<\/li>\n
  • \u0907\u0928\u0938\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928:<\/b> \u090f\u0928\u0930\u094d\u091c\u0940 \u0932\u0949\u0938 \u0915\u094b \u0915\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0923 HVAC \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f \u092d\u093e\u0917 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916 \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (Conduction):<\/b> \u0920\u094b\u0938 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n
  • \u0915\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 (Convection):<\/b> \u0926\u094d\u0930\u0935 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e\u094b\u0902 (\u0924\u0930\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0917\u0948\u0938) \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n
  • \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928 (Radiation):<\/b> \u0935\u0948\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942\u092e \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0938\u0902\u091a\u0930\u0923<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/h2>\n

    \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0924\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0923\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n

    \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092b\u0941\u0930\u093f\u092f\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e:<\/b><\/p>\n

    $$ q = -k \\frac{dT}{dx} $$<\/p>\n

    \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902, q<\/i> = \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e, k<\/i> = \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0915\u0902\u0921\u0915\u094d\u091f\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940, \\(\\frac{dT}{dx}\\) = \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f\u0964<\/p>\n

    \u0915\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0928\u094d\u092f\u0942\u091f\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u0940\u0924\u0932\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u092e:<\/b><\/p>\n

    $$ q = hA(T_s – T_\\infty) $$<\/p>\n

    \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902, q<\/i> = \u0915\u0928\u094d\u0935\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e, h<\/i> = \u0939\u0940\u091f \u091f\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0938\u092b\u0930 \u0915\u094b\u0907\u092b\u093f\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0902\u091f, A<\/i> = \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932, \\(T_s – T_\\infty\\) = \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u0964<\/p>\n

    \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u092b\u0928-\u092c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094d\u091c\u092e\u0948\u0928 \u0915\u093e\u0928\u0942\u0928:<\/b><\/p>\n

    $$ q = \\sigma \\cdot \\epsilon \\cdot A \\cdot (T^4 – T_{surr}^4) $$<\/p>\n

    \u092f\u0939\u093e\u0902, q<\/i> = \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u090f\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0909\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e, \\sigma<\/i> = \u0938\u094d\u091f\u0940\u092b\u0928-\u092c\u094b\u0932\u094d\u091f\u094d\u091c\u093c\u092e\u0948\u0928 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u0902\u091f, \\epsilon<\/i> = \u090f\u092e\u093f\u0938\u093f\u0935\u093f\u091f\u0940, A<\/i> = \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092b\u0932, \\(T\\) = \u0938\u0924\u0939 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928, \\(T_{surr}\\) = \u0938\u0930\u093e\u0909\u0902\u0921\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u0924\u093e\u092a\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0964<\/p>\n

    \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 HVAC \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0914\u0927\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u094d\u0935\u092f\u0928<\/h2>\n

    \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0928\u0924 HVAC \u0938\u093f\u0938\u094d\u091f\u092e \u0921\u093f\u091c\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0908 \u0918\u091f\u0915 \u0914\u0930 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u0947\u0902 \u0936\u093e\u092e\u093f\u0932 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • \u090a\u0937\u094d\u092e\u093e \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u0947\u0902\u091f\u093f\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 (HRV)<\/li>\n
  • \u091c\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0932 \u0939\u0940\u091f \u092a\u0902\u092a\u094d\u0938<\/li>\n
  • \u0935\u0948\u0930\u093f\u090f\u092c\u0932 \u0930\u0947\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093f\u091c\u0930\u0947\u0902\u091f \u092b\u094d\u0932\u094b (VRF)<\/li>\n
  • \u0907\u0902\u091f\u0947\u0932\u093f\u091c\u0947\u0902\u091f \u0925\u0930\u094d\u092e\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0947\u091f\u094d\u0938 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u0938\u0930<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

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