{"id":46873,"date":"2019-11-02T10:47:47","date_gmt":"2019-11-02T09:47:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-isolamento-de-fachada-isolamento-de-parede-externa-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-22T09:18:50","modified_gmt":"2020-01-22T08:18:50","slug":"o-que-e-isolamento-de-fachada-isolamento-de-parede-externa-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-isolamento-de-fachada-isolamento-de-parede-externa-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 isolamento de fachada &#8211; Isolamento de parede externa &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">O isolamento de fachadas \u00e9 um procedimento de revestimento externo decorativo e protetor t\u00e9rmico, que envolve o uso de v\u00e1rios materiais de isolamento.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Isolamento de Fachadas &#8211; Isolamento Externo de Parede<\/h2>\n<p>Uma das principais fontes de\u00a0<strong>perda<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>calor<\/strong>\u00a0de uma casa \u00e9\u00a0<strong>atrav\u00e9s de paredes<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>fachadas<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0<strong>O isolamento de fachadas<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 um procedimento de revestimento externo decorativo e protetor t\u00e9rmico, isolado termicamente, que envolve o uso de isolamento de poliestireno expandido, l\u00e3 de vidro ou rocha, espuma de poliuretano ou espuma fen\u00f3lica, com acabamento com gesso e acabamento \u00e0 base de cimento refor\u00e7ado, mineral ou sint\u00e9tico.<\/p>\n<p>O objetivo do\u00a0<strong>isolamento<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>fachada<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 reduzir o\u00a0<a title=\"Coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor - fator U\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-coeficiente-geral-de-transferencia-de-calor-fator-u-definicao\/\">coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor<\/a>\u00a0adicionando materiais com baixa condutividade t\u00e9rmica. \u00a0<strong>O isolamento de paredes externas<\/strong>\u00a0em edif\u00edcios \u00e9 um fator importante para obter conforto t\u00e9rmico para seus ocupantes.\u00a0O isolamento externo da parede, assim como outros tipos de isolamento, reduz a perda de calor indesejada e tamb\u00e9m o ganho de calor indesejado.\u00a0Eles podem diminuir significativamente as demandas de energia dos sistemas de aquecimento e refrigera\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0Deve ser adicionado, n\u00e3o h\u00e1 material que possa impedir completamente as perdas de calor, as perdas de calor s\u00f3 podem ser minimizadas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Materiais de isolamento<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-Insulators-Parameters.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-21157 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-Insulators-Parameters-225x300.png\" alt=\"Isoladores t\u00e9rmicos - Par\u00e2metros\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-Insulators-Parameters-225x300.png\" \/><\/a>Como foi escrito, o\u00a0<strong>isolamento t\u00e9rmico<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 baseado no uso de subst\u00e2ncias com\u00a0<strong>condutividade t\u00e9rmica muito baixa<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Esses materiais s\u00e3o conhecidos como\u00a0<strong>materiais de isolamento<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Os materiais de isolamento comuns s\u00e3o l\u00e3, fibra de vidro, l\u00e3 de rocha, poliestireno, poliuretano e penas de ganso, etc. Esses materiais s\u00e3o condutores de calor muito fracos e, portanto, s\u00e3o bons isolantes t\u00e9rmicos.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9 preciso acrescentar que o isolamento t\u00e9rmico se baseia principalmente na condutividade t\u00e9rmica muito baixa dos gases.\u00a0Os gases possuem m\u00e1s propriedades de condu\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com l\u00edquidos e s\u00f3lidos e, portanto, s\u00e3o um bom material para isolamento se puderem ser presos (por exemplo, em uma\u00a0<strong>estrutura semelhante<\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<strong>espuma<\/strong>\u00a0).\u00a0Ar e outros gases geralmente s\u00e3o bons isolantes.\u00a0Mas o principal benef\u00edcio \u00e9 na\u00a0<strong>aus\u00eancia de convec\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Portanto, muitos materiais de isolamento (por exemplo, poliestireno) funcionam simplesmente com um grande n\u00famero de\u00a0<strong>bolsas cheias<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>g\u00e1s<\/strong>\u00a0que\u00a0<strong>impedem a convec\u00e7\u00e3o em grande escala<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Em todos os tipos de isolamento t\u00e9rmico, a evacua\u00e7\u00e3o do ar no espa\u00e7o vazio reduzir\u00e1 ainda mais a condutividade t\u00e9rmica geral do isolador.<\/p>\n<p>A altern\u00e2ncia de bolsa de g\u00e1s e material s\u00f3lido faz com que o calor seja transferido atrav\u00e9s de\u00a0<strong>muitas interfaces,<\/strong>\u00a0causando uma r\u00e1pida diminui\u00e7\u00e3o no coeficiente de transfer\u00eancia de calor.<\/p>\n<p>Para\u00a0<strong>materiais de isolamento<\/strong>\u00a0, tr\u00eas categorias gerais podem ser definidas.\u00a0Essas categorias s\u00e3o baseadas na composi\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica do material base a partir do qual o material isolante \u00e9 produzido.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Insulation-Materials-Types.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-21149 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Insulation-Materials-Types-1024x653.png\" alt=\"Materiais de isolamento - Tipos\" width=\"669\" height=\"427\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Insulation-Materials-Types-1024x653.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Em leituras adicionais, h\u00e1 uma breve descri\u00e7\u00e3o desses tipos de materiais de isolamento.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Materiais de isolamento inorg\u00e2nico<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Como pode ser visto na figura, os materiais inorg\u00e2nicos podem ser classificados de acordo:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Materiais fibrosos\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"L\u00e3 de vidro\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/heat-losses\/insulation-materials\/glass-wool\/\">L\u00e3 de vidro<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"L\u00e3 de Pedra - L\u00e3 de Rocha\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/heat-losses\/insulation-materials\/stone-wool-rock-wool\/\">L\u00e3 de rocha<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Materiais celulares\n<ul>\n<li>Silicato de c\u00e1lcio<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Vidro da espuma - vidro celular\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/heat-losses\/insulation-materials\/foam-glass-cellular-glass\/\">Vidro celular<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Materiais de isolamento org\u00e2nico<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Os materiais de isolamento org\u00e2nico tratados nesta se\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o todos derivados de uma mat\u00e9ria-prima petroqu\u00edmica ou renov\u00e1vel (de base biol\u00f3gica).\u00a0Quase todos os materiais de isolamento petroqu\u00edmico est\u00e3o na forma de pol\u00edmeros.\u00a0Como pode ser visto na figura, todos os materiais de isolamento petroqu\u00edmico s\u00e3o celulares.\u00a0Um material \u00e9 celular quando a estrutura do material consiste em poros ou c\u00e9lulas.\u00a0Por outro lado, muitas plantas cont\u00eam fibras por sua resist\u00eancia, portanto quase todos os materiais de isolamento de base biol\u00f3gica s\u00e3o fibrosos (exceto corti\u00e7a expandida, que \u00e9 celular).<\/p>\n<p>Os materiais de isolamento org\u00e2nico podem ser classificados em conformidade:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Materiais petroqu\u00edmicos (derivados de petr\u00f3leo \/ carv\u00e3o)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-poliestireno-expandido-eps-definicao\/\">Poliestireno expandido (EPS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-poliestireno-extrudado-xps-definicao\/\">Poliestireno extrudido (XPS)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-espuma-de-poliuretano-definicao\/\">Poliuretano (PUR)<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Espuma fen\u00f3lica<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-espuma-de-poliisocianurato-definicao\/\">Espuma de poliisocianurato (PIR)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Materiais renov\u00e1veis \u200b\u200b(derivados de plantas \/ animais)\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-isolamento-de-celulose-la-de-papel-definicao\/\">Celulose<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-isolamento-de-cortica-definicao\/\">Corti\u00e7a<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Fibra de madeira<\/li>\n<li>Fibra de c\u00e2nhamo<\/li>\n<li>L\u00e3 de linho<\/li>\n<li>L\u00e3 de ovelha<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-isolamento-de-algodao-definicao\/\">Isolamento de algod\u00e3o<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Outros materiais de isolamento<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-vidro-de-espuma-vidro-celular-definicao\/\">Vidro Celular<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-aerogel-definicao\/\">Aerogel<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-painel-de-isolamento-a-vacuo-definicao\/\">Pain\u00e9is de v\u00e1cuo<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Exemplo de isolamento &#8211; poliestireno<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Geralmente, o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>poliestireno<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 um pol\u00edmero arom\u00e1tico sint\u00e9tico produzido a partir do mon\u00f4mero estireno, que \u00e9 derivado do benzeno e etileno, ambos produtos derivados do petr\u00f3leo.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>O poliestireno<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser s\u00f3lido ou espumado.\u00a0O poliestireno \u00e9 um termopl\u00e1stico incolor e transparente, que \u00e9 comumente usado para isolar pain\u00e9is de espuma ou pain\u00e9is de p\u00e9rolas e um tipo de isolamento de preenchimento solto que consiste em pequenas esferas de poliestireno.\u00a0As espumas de poliestireno s\u00e3o de 95 a 98% de ar.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>As espumas de poliestireno<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0s\u00e3o bons isolantes t\u00e9rmicos e, portanto, s\u00e3o frequentemente usadas como materiais de isolamento de edif\u00edcios, como em formas de concreto isolante e sistemas estruturais de constru\u00e7\u00e3o de pain\u00e9is isolados.\u00a0<strong>Poliestireno\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>expandido (EPS)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extrudado (XPS)<\/span><\/strong><span>ambos s\u00e3o feitos de poliestireno, mas o EPS \u00e9 composto de pequenas esferas de pl\u00e1stico que s\u00e3o fundidas e o XPS come\u00e7a como um material fundido que \u00e9 pressionado para fora de um formul\u00e1rio em folhas.\u00a0O XPS \u00e9 mais comumente usado como isolamento de placas de espuma.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/expanded-polystyrene-thermal-insulation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-21154 alignright lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/expanded-polystyrene-thermal-insulation-300x180.png\" alt=\"poliestireno expandido - isolamento t\u00e9rmico\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/expanded-polystyrene-thermal-insulation-300x180.png\" \/><\/a><strong><span>O poliestireno expandido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(EPS) \u00e9 uma espuma r\u00edgida e resistente de c\u00e9lulas fechadas.\u00a0Os aplicativos de constru\u00e7\u00e3o civil representam cerca de dois ter\u00e7os da demanda por poliestireno expandido.\u00a0\u00c9 utilizado para o isolamento de paredes (cavidades), telhados e pisos de concreto.\u00a0Devido \u00e0s suas propriedades t\u00e9cnicas, como baixo peso, rigidez e formabilidade,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>o poliestireno expandido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser usado em uma ampla gama de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, como bandejas, pratos e caixas de peixes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Embora o poliestireno expandido e o extrudado tenham uma estrutura de c\u00e9lula fechada, eles s\u00e3o perme\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bpelas mol\u00e9culas de \u00e1gua e n\u00e3o podem ser considerados uma barreira ao vapor.\u00a0No poliestireno expandido existem lacunas intersticiais entre os gr\u00e2nulos expandidos de c\u00e9lulas fechadas que formam uma rede aberta de canais entre os gr\u00e2nulos ligados.\u00a0Se a \u00e1gua congelar em gelo, ela se expande e pode fazer com que os pellets de poliestireno se soltem da espuma.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Exemplo &#8211; Perda de calor atrav\u00e9s de uma parede<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/heat-loss-through-wall-example-calculation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-21148 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/heat-loss-through-wall-example-calculation-169x300.png\" alt=\"perda de calor atrav\u00e9s da parede - exemplo - c\u00e1lculo\" width=\"169\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/heat-loss-through-wall-example-calculation-169x300.png\" \/><\/a><span>Uma das principais fontes de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>calor<\/strong>\u00a0de uma casa \u00e9 atrav\u00e9s das paredes.\u00a0Calcule a taxa de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Densidade do fluxo de calor - Fluxo t\u00e9rmico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/introduction-to-heat-transfer\/heat-flux-density-thermal-flux\/\"><span>fluxo<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<a title=\"Densidade do fluxo de calor - Fluxo t\u00e9rmico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/introduction-to-heat-transfer\/heat-flux-density-thermal-flux\/\">calor<\/a>\u00a0atrav\u00e9s de uma parede com 3 mx 10 m de \u00e1rea (A = 30 m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0).\u00a0A parede tem 15 cm de espessura (L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0) e \u00e9 feita de tijolos com\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Condutividade t\u00e9rmica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-condutividade-termica-definicao\/\"><span>condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0de k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 1,0 W \/ mK (isolador t\u00e9rmico ruim).\u00a0Suponha que as\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 temperatura - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-temperatura-fisica-definicao\/\"><span>temperaturas<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0interna e externa\u00a0sejam 22 \u00b0 C e -8 \u00b0 C, e os\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Coeficiente de transfer\u00eancia de calor por convec\u00e7\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-coeficiente-de-transferencia-de-calor-por-conveccao-definicao\/\"><span>coeficientes de transfer\u00eancia de calor por convec\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0nos lados interno e externo sejam h\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>1<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 10 W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0K e h\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 30 W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>K, respectivamente.\u00a0Observe que esses coeficientes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o dependem muito das condi\u00e7\u00f5es ambientais e interiores (vento, umidade etc.).<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span>Calcule o fluxo de calor (\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Perdas de calor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/heat-losses\/\"><strong><span>perda de calor<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0) atrav\u00e9s desta parede n\u00e3o isolada.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Agora assuma o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>isolamento t\u00e9rmico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0no lado externo desta parede.\u00a0Use\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>isolamento de poliestireno<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0expandido com\u00a010 cm de espessura (L\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0) com a condutividade t\u00e9rmica de k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= 0,03 W \/ mK e calcule o fluxo de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Perdas de calor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/heat-losses\/\"><strong><span>calor<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0(\u00a0<a title=\"Perdas de calor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/heat-losses\/\"><strong>perda de calor<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0) atrav\u00e9s dessa parede composta.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><span>Solu\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Como foi escrito, muitos dos processos de transfer\u00eancia de calor envolvem sistemas compostos e at\u00e9 envolvem uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o de\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-conducao-termica-conducao-termica-definicao\/\"><span>condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-conveccao-transferencia-de-calor-por-conveccao-definicao\/\"><span>convec\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Com estes sistemas compostos, muitas vezes \u00e9 conveniente trabalhar com um\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"Coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor - fator U\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-coeficiente-geral-de-transferencia-de-calor-fator-u-definicao\/\"><span>coeficiente de transfer\u00eancia total de calor<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0conhecido como um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>factor-L<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0O fator U \u00e9 definido por uma express\u00e3o an\u00e1loga \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Lei de Newton de resfriamento\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-lei-do-resfriamento-de-newton-definicao\/\"><strong><span>lei do resfriamento de Newton<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/u-factor-overall-heat-transfer-coefficient.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20390 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/u-factor-overall-heat-transfer-coefficient.png\" alt=\"fator u - coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor\" width=\"314\" height=\"136\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/u-factor-overall-heat-transfer-coefficient.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>O\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est\u00e1 relacionado \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-resistencia-termica-resistividade-termica-definicao\/\"><span>resist\u00eancia t\u00e9rmica total<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0e depende da geometria do problema.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong><span>parede nua<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Assumindo a transfer\u00eancia de calor unidimensional atrav\u00e9s da parede plana e desconsiderando a radia\u00e7\u00e3o, o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser calculado como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/overall-heat-transfer-coefficient-heat-loss-calculation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-21160 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/overall-heat-transfer-coefficient-heat-loss-calculation.png\" alt=\"coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor - c\u00e1lculo da perda de calor\" width=\"343\" height=\"200\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/overall-heat-transfer-coefficient-heat-loss-calculation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>O\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 ent\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>U = 1 \/ (1\/10 + 0,15 \/ 1 + 1\/30) = 3,53 W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0K<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O fluxo de calor pode ser calculado simplesmente como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>q = 3,53 [W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0K] x 30 [K] = 105,9 W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span>A perda total de calor atrav\u00e9s desta parede ser\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>perda<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= q.\u00a0A = 105,9 [W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0] x 30 [m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0] = 3177W<\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong><span>parede comp\u00f3sita com isolamento t\u00e9rmico<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span>Assumindo a transfer\u00eancia de calor unidimensional atrav\u00e9s da parede composta plana, sem resist\u00eancia ao contato t\u00e9rmico e sem considerar a radia\u00e7\u00e3o, o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser calculado como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/overall-heat-transfer-coefficient-thermal-insulation-calculation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-21159 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/overall-heat-transfer-coefficient-thermal-insulation-calculation.png\" alt=\"coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor - c\u00e1lculo de isolamento t\u00e9rmico\" width=\"423\" height=\"211\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/overall-heat-transfer-coefficient-thermal-insulation-calculation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-insulation-expanded-polystyrene.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-21147 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-insulation-expanded-polystyrene-167x300.png\" alt=\"isolante t\u00e9rmico - poliestireno expandido\" width=\"167\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-insulation-expanded-polystyrene-167x300.png\" \/><\/a><span>O\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coeficiente geral de transfer\u00eancia de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 ent\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>U = 1 \/ (1\/10 + 0,15 \/ 1 + 0,1 \/ 0,03 + 1\/30) = 0,276 W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0K<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O fluxo de calor pode ser calculado simplesmente como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>q = 0,276 [W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0K] x 30 [K] = 8,28 W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/p>\n<p><span>A perda total de calor atrav\u00e9s desta parede ser\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>perda<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= q.\u00a0A = 8,28 [W \/ m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0] x 30 [m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0] = 248 W<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Como pode ser visto, uma adi\u00e7\u00e3o de isolador t\u00e9rmico causa uma diminui\u00e7\u00e3o significativa nas perdas de calor.\u00a0Deve ser adicionado, uma adi\u00e7\u00e3o da pr\u00f3xima camada de isolador t\u00e9rmico n\u00e3o causa economias t\u00e3o altas.\u00a0Isso pode ser visto melhor no m\u00e9todo de resist\u00eancia t\u00e9rmica, que pode ser usado para calcular a transfer\u00eancia de calor atrav\u00e9s de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>paredes compostas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A taxa de transfer\u00eancia constante de calor entre duas superf\u00edcies \u00e9 igual \u00e0 diferen\u00e7a de temperatura dividida pela\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Resist\u00eancia t\u00e9rmica - Resistividade t\u00e9rmica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-resistencia-termica-resistividade-termica-definicao\/\"><span>resist\u00eancia t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0total\u00a0entre essas duas superf\u00edcies.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-resistance-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20128 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-resistance-equation.png\" alt=\"resist\u00eancia t\u00e9rmica - equa\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"601\" height=\"73\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-resistance-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O isolamento de fachadas \u00e9 um procedimento de revestimento externo decorativo e protetor t\u00e9rmico, que envolve o uso de v\u00e1rios materiais de isolamento.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Isolamento de Fachadas &#8211; Isolamento Externo de Parede Uma das principais fontes de\u00a0perda\u00a0de\u00a0calor\u00a0de uma casa \u00e9\u00a0atrav\u00e9s de paredes\u00a0e\u00a0fachadas\u00a0.\u00a0O isolamento de fachadas\u00a0\u00e9 um procedimento de revestimento externo decorativo e protetor t\u00e9rmico, isolado &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 isolamento de fachada &#8211; Isolamento de parede externa &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-isolamento-de-fachada-isolamento-de-parede-externa-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 isolamento de fachada &#8211; Isolamento de parede externa &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 isolamento de fachada - Isolamento de parede externa - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O isolamento de fachada \u00e9 um procedimento de revestimento externo decorativo e protetor t\u00e9rmico, que envolve o uso de v\u00e1rios materiais de isolamento. 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