{"id":47447,"date":"2019-11-05T00:25:15","date_gmt":"2019-11-04T23:25:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-circulacao-atmosferica-correntes-de-conveccao-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-23T13:30:08","modified_gmt":"2020-01-23T12:30:08","slug":"o-que-e-circulacao-atmosferica-correntes-de-conveccao-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-circulacao-atmosferica-correntes-de-conveccao-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica &#8211; correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Um dos fen\u00f4menos de maior import\u00e2ncia para o clima da Terra \u00e9 a circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica, que \u00e9 o movimento do ar em larga escala.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Correntes de Convec\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; Circula\u00e7\u00e3o Atmosf\u00e9rica<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_20646\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-20646\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Earth_Global_Circulation-Convection-Currents-min.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-20646 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Earth_Global_Circulation-Convection-Currents-min-300x257.jpg\" alt=\"Earth_Global_Circulation - Correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"300\" height=\"257\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Earth_Global_Circulation-Convection-Currents-min-300x257.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-20646\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fonte: nasa.gov Licen\u00e7a: Public Domain<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Um dos fen\u00f4menos de maior import\u00e2ncia para o clima da Terra \u00e9 a\u00a0<strong>circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica<\/strong>\u00a0, que \u00e9 o movimento do ar em larga escala, e \u00e9 um meio pelo qual a energia t\u00e9rmica (juntamente com a circula\u00e7\u00e3o do oceano) \u00e9 distribu\u00edda na superf\u00edcie da Terra. .\u00a0A circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica da Terra varia de ano para ano, mas a estrutura em larga escala de sua circula\u00e7\u00e3o permanece bastante constante.<\/p>\n<p>A circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica \u00e9 uma conseq\u00fc\u00eancia da ilumina\u00e7\u00e3o da Terra pelo Sol e das\u00a0<a title=\"Leis da Termodin\u00e2mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/\">leis da termodin\u00e2mica<\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0A\u00a0<strong>circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica<\/strong>\u00a0pode ser vista como um\u00a0<a title=\"Motores t\u00e9rmicos\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-heat-engine-definicao\/\">motor de calor<\/a>\u00a0acionado pela energia do Sol, e cuja energia afunda, em \u00faltima an\u00e1lise, \u00e9 a escurid\u00e3o do espa\u00e7o.\u00a0Deste ponto de vista, tamb\u00e9m as turbinas e\u00f3licas s\u00e3o movidas pelo sol.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Cria\u00e7\u00e3o de correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o<\/h2>\n<p><strong>A cria\u00e7\u00e3o de correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00e9 baseada em tr\u00eas suposi\u00e7\u00f5es f\u00edsicas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Presen\u00e7a de fonte de calor<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0A fonte de calor \u00e9 necess\u00e1ria, porque\u00a0\u00a0<strong>as correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o geradas por diferen\u00e7as de densidade no fluido que ocorre devido a gradientes de temperatura.\u00a0Na convec\u00e7\u00e3o natural, o fluido em torno de uma fonte de calor recebe calor e, por expans\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica, torna-se menos denso e sobe.\u00a0A expans\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica do fluido desempenha um papel crucial.\u00a0Em outras palavras, os componentes mais pesados \u200b\u200b(mais densos) cair\u00e3o, enquanto os componentes mais leves (menos densos) subir\u00e3o, levando ao movimento de fluidos a granel.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Presen\u00e7a de acelera\u00e7\u00e3o adequada.\u00a0<\/strong>A convec\u00e7\u00e3o natural s\u00f3 pode ocorrer em um campo gravitacional ou na presen\u00e7a de outra acelera\u00e7\u00e3o adequada, como acelera\u00e7\u00e3o, for\u00e7a centr\u00edfuga e for\u00e7a de Coriolis.\u00a0A convec\u00e7\u00e3o natural essencialmente n\u00e3o opera na \u00f3rbita da Terra.\u00a0Por exemplo, na Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Espacial Internacional em \u00f3rbita, s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios outros mecanismos de transfer\u00eancia de calor para impedir o superaquecimento dos componentes eletr\u00f4nicos.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Geometria adequada<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0A presen\u00e7a e magnitude da convec\u00e7\u00e3o natural tamb\u00e9m dependem da geometria do problema.\u00a0A presen\u00e7a de um gradiente de densidade de fluido em um campo gravitacional n\u00e3o garante a exist\u00eancia de correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o naturais.\u00a0Esse problema \u00e9 ilustrado na figura a seguir, onde um fluido \u00e9 fechado por duas grandes placas horizontais de temperatura diferente (T\u00a0<sub>superior<\/sub>\u00a0\u00a0\u2260 T\u00a0<sub>inferior<\/sub>\u00a0).\n<ul>\n<li>No\u00a0\u00a0<strong>caso A,<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0a temperatura da placa inferior \u00e9 superior \u00e0 temperatura da placa superior.\u00a0Nesse caso, a densidade diminui na dire\u00e7\u00e3o da for\u00e7a gravitacional.\u00a0Essa geometria induz a circula\u00e7\u00e3o de fluidos e a transfer\u00eancia de calor ocorre por\u00a0\u00a0<strong>circula\u00e7\u00e3o natural<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O fluido mais pesado descer\u00e1, sendo aquecido no processo, enquanto o fluido mais leve subir\u00e1, esfriando \u00e0 medida que se move.<\/li>\n<li>No\u00a0\u00a0<strong>caso B,<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0a temperatura da placa inferior \u00e9 inferior \u00e0 temperatura da placa superior.\u00a0Nesse caso, a densidade aumenta na dire\u00e7\u00e3o da for\u00e7a gravitacional.\u00a0Essa geometria leva a condi\u00e7\u00f5es est\u00e1veis, gradiente de temperatura est\u00e1vel e n\u00e3o induz a circula\u00e7\u00e3o de fluidos.\u00a0A transfer\u00eancia de calor ocorre apenas por condu\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/natural-circulation-geometry.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20641 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/natural-circulation-geometry.png\" alt=\"circula\u00e7\u00e3o natural - geometria\" width=\"609\" height=\"342\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/natural-circulation-geometry.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um dos fen\u00f4menos de maior import\u00e2ncia para o clima da Terra \u00e9 a circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica, que \u00e9 o movimento do ar em larga escala.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Correntes de Convec\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; Circula\u00e7\u00e3o Atmosf\u00e9rica Fonte: nasa.gov Licen\u00e7a: Public Domain Um dos fen\u00f4menos de maior import\u00e2ncia para o clima da Terra \u00e9 a\u00a0circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica\u00a0, que \u00e9 o movimento do &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica &#8211; correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-circulacao-atmosferica-correntes-de-conveccao-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica &#8211; correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica - correntes de convec\u00e7\u00e3o - defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Um dos fen\u00f4menos de maior import\u00e2ncia para o clima da Terra \u00e9 a circula\u00e7\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica, que \u00e9 o movimento do ar em larga escala. 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