{"id":47543,"date":"2019-11-05T09:11:01","date_gmt":"2019-11-05T08:11:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-o-numero-schmidt-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-23T20:07:49","modified_gmt":"2020-01-23T19:07:49","slug":"o-que-e-o-numero-schmidt-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-numero-schmidt-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero Schmidt &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">O n\u00famero de Schmidt \u00e9 definido como a raz\u00e3o de difusividade do momento (viscosidade cinem\u00e1tica) e difusividade de massa.\u00a0O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero de Schmidt &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; F\u00f3rmula<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero Schmidt<\/h2>\n<p>O\u00a0<strong>n\u00famero de Schmidt<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 um n\u00famero sem dimens\u00e3o, nomeado em homenagem ao engenheiro alem\u00e3o Ernst Heinrich Wilhelm Schmidt (1892\u20131975).\u00a0O\u00a0<strong>n\u00famero de Schmidt<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 definido como a\u00a0<strong>raz\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>difusividade<\/strong>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>momento<\/strong>\u00a0(viscosidade cinem\u00e1tica) e\u00a0<strong>difusividade da massa<\/strong>\u00a0, e \u00e9 usado para caracterizar fluxos de fluidos nos quais existem processos simult\u00e2neos de convec\u00e7\u00e3o do momento e da difus\u00e3o da massa.\u00a0O\u00a0<strong>n\u00famero de Schmidt<\/strong>\u00a0descreve a transfer\u00eancia do momento da massa e as equa\u00e7\u00f5es podem ser vistas abaixo:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Schmidt-number-definition-formula.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20315 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Schmidt-number-definition-formula.png\" alt=\"N\u00famero de Schmidt - defini\u00e7\u00e3o - f\u00f3rmula\" width=\"577\" height=\"395\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Schmidt-number-definition-formula.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Onde:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u03bd \u00e9 a difusividade do momento (viscosidade cinem\u00e1tica) [m\u00a0<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0\/ s]<\/li>\n<li>\u03bc \u00e9 a viscosidade din\u00e2mica [Ns \/ m\u00a0<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0]<\/li>\n<li>D \u00e9 a difusividade da massa [m\u00a0<sup>2<\/sup>\u00a0\/ s]<\/li>\n<li>\u03c1 \u00e9 a densidade [kg \/ m\u00a0<sup>3<\/sup>\u00a0]<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Relaciona fisicamente a espessura relativa da camada hidrodin\u00e2mica e da camada limite de transfer\u00eancia de massa.\u00a0O\u00a0<strong>n\u00famero de Schmidt<\/strong>\u00a0corresponde ao n\u00famero de Prandtl na transfer\u00eancia de calor.\u00a0Um n\u00famero de unidade Schmidt indica que o momento e a transfer\u00eancia de massa por difus\u00e3o s\u00e3o compar\u00e1veis, e as camadas limite de velocidade e concentra\u00e7\u00e3o quase coincidem uma com a outra.\u00a0Difusividade de massa ou coeficiente de difus\u00e3o \u00e9 uma constante de proporcionalidade entre o fluxo molar devido \u00e0 difus\u00e3o molecular e o gradiente na concentra\u00e7\u00e3o das esp\u00e9cies (ou a for\u00e7a motriz da difus\u00e3o).\u00a0A difus\u00e3o em massa em l\u00edquidos cresce com a temperatura, varia\u00e7\u00e3o inversamente proporcional da viscosidade com a temperatura, de modo que o n\u00famero de Schmidt,\u00a0<strong>Sc = \u03bd \/ D<\/strong>, diminui rapidamente com a temperatura.\u00a0Por exemplo, o coeficiente de difus\u00e3o do etanol na \u00e1gua \u00e9 D\u00a0<sub>etanol, \u00e1gua<\/sub>\u00a0= 1,6 \u00b1\u00a0<sup>10\u00a0<\/sup><sup>&#8211;\u00a0<\/sup><sup>9<\/sup>\u00a0\u00a0e fornece o n\u00famero Schmidt Sc = 540, o que \u00e9 t\u00edpico para l\u00edquidos.<\/p>\n<p>A difusividade \u00e9 encontrada na lei de Fick, que declara:<\/p>\n<p><em>Se a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o de um soluto em uma regi\u00e3o for maior que em outra de uma solu\u00e7\u00e3o, o soluto difunde da regi\u00e3o de maior concentra\u00e7\u00e3o para a regi\u00e3o de menor concentra\u00e7\u00e3o, com uma magnitude proporcional ao gradiente de concentra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Em uma dimens\u00e3o (espacial), a lei \u00e9:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Ficks-Law-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15177 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Ficks-Law-equation.png\" alt=\"Lei de Ficks - equa\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"133\" height=\"66\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Ficks-Law-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><span>Onde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span>J<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 o fluxo de difus\u00e3o,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>D<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>coeficiente de difus\u00e3o,<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><em><span>\u03c6<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0(para misturas ideais) \u00e9 a concentra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>O uso desta lei na\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>teoria de reatores nucleares<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0leva \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Teoria da difus\u00e3o de n\u00eautrons\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/neutron-diffusion-theory\/\"><strong><span>aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o de difus\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>N\u00famero de Schmidt turbulento<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Da mesma forma que no n\u00famero de Prandtl, tamb\u00e9m o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n\u00famero de Schmidt<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0possui uma f\u00f3rmula especial para\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fluxo turbulento\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-fluxo-turbulento-definicao\/\"><strong><span>fluxo turbulento<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0O\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n\u00famero de Schmidt turbulento<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0descreve a raz\u00e3o entre as taxas de transporte turbulento de momento e o transporte turbulento de massa.\u00a0O n\u00famero de Schmidt turbulento \u00e9 comumente usado em pesquisas de turbul\u00eancia e \u00e9 definido como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Sc = \u03bd\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>t<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\/ K<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Onde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>\u03bd\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>t<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a viscosidade turbulenta [m2 \/ s]<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>K \u00e9 a difusividade do redemoinho [m2 \/ s]<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O n\u00famero de Schmidt \u00e9 definido como a raz\u00e3o de difusividade do momento (viscosidade cinem\u00e1tica) e difusividade de massa.\u00a0O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero de Schmidt &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; F\u00f3rmula O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero Schmidt O\u00a0n\u00famero de Schmidt\u00a0\u00e9 um n\u00famero sem dimens\u00e3o, nomeado em homenagem ao engenheiro alem\u00e3o Ernst Heinrich Wilhelm Schmidt (1892\u20131975).\u00a0O\u00a0n\u00famero de Schmidt\u00a0\u00e9 &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero Schmidt &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-numero-schmidt-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero Schmidt &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 o n\u00famero Schmidt - defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O n\u00famero de Schmidt \u00e9 definido como a raz\u00e3o de difusividade do momento (viscosidade cinem\u00e1tica) e difusividade de massa. 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