{"id":47819,"date":"2019-11-06T21:55:28","date_gmt":"2019-11-06T20:55:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-turbina-a-vapor-de-reaquecimento-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-25T09:33:27","modified_gmt":"2020-01-25T08:33:27","slug":"o-que-e-turbina-a-vapor-de-reaquecimento-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-turbina-a-vapor-de-reaquecimento-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 turbina a vapor de reaquecimento &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">As turbinas a vapor de reaquecimento tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o usadas quase exclusivamente em usinas termel\u00e9tricas.\u00a0Isso requer a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de outro tipo de trocador de calor chamado reaquecedor.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de turbinas &#8211; condi\u00e7\u00f5es de suprimento e exaust\u00e3o de vapor<\/h2>\n<p><strong>As turbinas a vapor<\/strong>\u00a0podem ser classificadas em diferentes categorias, dependendo da finalidade e\u00a0<strong>das press\u00f5es de trabalho<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O uso industrial de uma turbina influencia as condi\u00e7\u00f5es iniciais e finais do vapor.\u00a0Para qualquer turbina a vapor operar, deve existir uma diferen\u00e7a de press\u00e3o entre o suprimento de vapor e o escapamento.<\/p>\n<p>Esta classifica\u00e7\u00e3o inclui:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Turbina a vapor de condensa\u00e7\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/turbine-generator-power-conversion-system\/what-is-steam-turbine-description-and-characteristics\/condensing-steam-turbine\/\"><strong>Turbina a vapor de condensa\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0,<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Turbina a vapor de contrapress\u00e3o - vapor de processo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/turbine-generator-power-conversion-system\/what-is-steam-turbine-description-and-characteristics\/back-pressure-steam-turbine-process-steam\/\"><strong>Turbina a vapor de contrapress\u00e3o<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0,<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Reaquecer a turbina a vapor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/turbine-generator-power-conversion-system\/what-is-steam-turbine-description-and-characteristics\/reheat-steam-turbine\/\"><strong>Reaquecer a turbina a vapor<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0,<\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Turbina de Extra\u00e7\u00e3o - Turbina com Extra\u00e7\u00e3o a Vapor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power-plant\/turbine-generator-power-conversion-system\/what-is-steam-turbine-description-and-characteristics\/extraction-turbine-turbine-with-steam-extraction\/\"><strong><b>Turbina com Extra\u00e7\u00e3o a Vapor<\/b><\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Reaquecer a turbina a vapor<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17787\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17787\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Rankine-cycle-reheat-superheat.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-17787 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Rankine-cycle-reheat-superheat-300x280.png\" alt=\"Ciclo de Rankine - reaquecimento - superaquecimento\" width=\"300\" height=\"280\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Rankine-cycle-reheat-superheat-300x280.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17787\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ciclo Rankine com reaquecimento e superaquecimento no est\u00e1gio de baixa press\u00e3o<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>As turbinas de reaquecimento<\/strong>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o usadas quase exclusivamente em usinas termel\u00e9tricas.\u00a0Todas as turbinas que possuem turbina de alta press\u00e3o e turbinas de baixa press\u00e3o usam um reaquecimento a vapor entre esses est\u00e1gios.\u00a0<strong>O reaquecimento<\/strong>\u00a0permite fornecer mais calor a uma temperatura pr\u00f3xima ao pico do ciclo (ou seja, a efici\u00eancia t\u00e9rmica aumenta).\u00a0Isso requer a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de outro tipo de trocador de calor chamado\u00a0<strong>reaquecedor<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O uso do reaquecedor envolve a divis\u00e3o da turbina, ou seja, o uso de uma turbina de v\u00e1rios est\u00e1gios com um reaquecedor.\u00a0Observou-se que mais de duas etapas de reaquecimento s\u00e3o desnecess\u00e1rias, uma vez que a pr\u00f3xima etapa aumenta a efici\u00eancia do ciclo apenas pela metade da etapa anterior.<\/p>\n<p>Os est\u00e1gios de alta e baixa press\u00e3o da turbina geralmente est\u00e3o no mesmo eixo para acionar um gerador comum, mas eles t\u00eam casos separados.\u00a0Com um\u00a0<strong>reaquecedor (MSR)<\/strong>\u00a0, o fluxo \u00e9 extra\u00eddo ap\u00f3s uma\u00a0<strong>expans\u00e3o parcial<\/strong>\u00a0(ponto D), retorna ao trocador de calor para aquec\u00ea-lo at\u00e9 a temperatura de pico (ponto E) e depois passa para o turbina de baixa press\u00e3o.\u00a0A expans\u00e3o \u00e9 ent\u00e3o conclu\u00edda na turbina de baixa press\u00e3o do ponto E ao ponto F.<\/p>\n<p><span>O vapor deve ser\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>reaquecido ou superaquecido<\/span><\/strong><span>para evitar danos que podem ser causados \u200b\u200b\u00e0s p\u00e1s da turbina a vapor por vapor de baixa qualidade.\u00a0O alto teor de got\u00edculas de \u00e1gua pode causar o r\u00e1pido impacto e a eros\u00e3o das p\u00e1s, que ocorre quando a \u00e1gua condensada \u00e9 jateada sobre as p\u00e1s.\u00a0Para evitar isso, drenos de condensa\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o instalados na tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de vapor que leva \u00e0 turbina.\u00a0O reaquecedor aquece o vapor (ponto D) e, em seguida, o vapor \u00e9 direcionado para o est\u00e1gio de baixa press\u00e3o da turbina a vapor, onde se expande (pontos E a F).\u00a0O vapor esgotado est\u00e1 a uma press\u00e3o bem abaixo da atmosf\u00e9rica e, como pode ser visto na imagem, o vapor est\u00e1 em um estado parcialmente condensado (ponto F), tipicamente com uma qualidade pr\u00f3xima a 90%, mas \u00e9 uma qualidade de vapor muito maior, do que seria sem reaquecimento.\u00a0Consequentemente, o superaquecimento tamb\u00e9m tende a aliviar o problema da baixa qualidade do vapor no escapamento da turbina.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Wet-Steam-Turbine-Expansion-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-17844 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Wet-Steam-Turbine-Expansion-min-1024x388.png\" alt=\"Turbina a Vapor \u00damida - Expans\u00e3o\" width=\"669\" height=\"253\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Wet-Steam-Turbine-Expansion-min-1024x388.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As turbinas a vapor de reaquecimento tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o usadas quase exclusivamente em usinas termel\u00e9tricas.\u00a0Isso requer a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de outro tipo de trocador de calor chamado reaquecedor.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de turbinas &#8211; condi\u00e7\u00f5es de suprimento e exaust\u00e3o de vapor As turbinas a vapor\u00a0podem ser classificadas em diferentes categorias, dependendo da finalidade e\u00a0das press\u00f5es de trabalho\u00a0.\u00a0O uso &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 turbina a vapor de reaquecimento &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-turbina-a-vapor-de-reaquecimento-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 turbina a vapor de reaquecimento &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 turbina a vapor de reaquecimento - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As turbinas a vapor de reaquecimento tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o usadas quase exclusivamente em usinas termel\u00e9tricas. 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