{"id":48051,"date":"2019-11-07T23:19:32","date_gmt":"2019-11-07T22:19:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-calor-e-energia-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-27T13:17:40","modified_gmt":"2020-01-27T12:17:40","slug":"o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-calor-e-energia-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-calor-e-energia-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 o processo isob\u00e1rico – Calor e energia – Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Processo Isob\u00e1rico – Calor e Energia. Em um processo isob\u00e1rico e no g\u00e1s ideal, parte do calor adicionado ao sistema ser\u00e1 usada para realizar o trabalho e parte do calor adicionado aumentar\u00e1 a energia interna. Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Processo Isob\u00e1rico – Calor e Energia<\/span><\/h2>\n

Processo Isob\u00e1rico – Calor e Energia<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

A forma cl\u00e1ssica da\u00a0<\/span>primeira lei da termodin\u00e2mica<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u00e9 a seguinte equa\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n

dU = dQ – dW<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nesta equa\u00e7\u00e3o, dW \u00e9 igual a\u00a0<\/span>dW = pdV<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e \u00e9 conhecido como\u00a0<\/span>trabalho de fronteira<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Em um processo isob\u00e1rico e no g\u00e1s ideal,\u00a0<\/span>parte do calor adicionado<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ao sistema ser\u00e1 usada para\u00a0<\/span>realizar o trabalho<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span>parte do calor<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0adicionado aumentar\u00e1 a\u00a0<\/span>energia interna<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0(aumentar\u00e1 a temperatura).\u00a0Portanto, \u00e9 conveniente usar a\u00a0<\/span>entalpia em<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0vez da energia interna. Desde\u00a0<\/span>H = U + pV<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, portanto\u00a0<\/span>dH = dU + pdV + Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0e substitu\u00edmos\u00a0<\/span>dU = dH – pdV – Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0na forma cl\u00e1ssica da lei:<\/span><\/p>\n

dH – pdV – Vdp = dQ – pdV<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Obtemos a\u00a0<\/span>lei em termos de entalpia<\/span><\/a>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n

dH = dQ + Vdp<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

ou<\/span><\/p>\n

dH = TdS + Vdp<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Nesta equa\u00e7\u00e3o, o termo\u00a0<\/span>Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0\u00e9 um\u00a0<\/span>trabalho de processo de fluxo.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Este trabalho, \u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Vdp<\/span><\/strong><\/em>\u00a0, \u00e9 usado para\u00a0<\/span>sistemas de fluxo aberto<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0como uma\u00a0<\/span>turbina<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ou uma\u00a0<\/span>bomba<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0na qual existe um\u00a0<\/span>“dp”<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, ou seja, mudan\u00e7a de press\u00e3o.\u00a0N\u00e3o h\u00e1 altera\u00e7\u00f5es no\u00a0<\/span>volume de controle<\/span><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0Como pode ser visto, essa forma de lei\u00a0<\/span>simplifica a descri\u00e7\u00e3o da transfer\u00eancia de energia<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span>A press\u00e3o constante<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, a\u00a0<\/span>mudan\u00e7a de entalpia<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 igual \u00e0\u00a0<\/span>energia<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0transferida do ambiente atrav\u00e9s do aquecimento:<\/span><\/p>\n

Processo isob\u00e1rico (Vdp = 0):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

dH = dQ \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>\u2192<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Q = H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0– H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n

Na entropia constante<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, ou seja, no processo isentr\u00f3pico, a\u00a0<\/span>mudan\u00e7a de entalpia<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 igual ao\u00a0<\/span>trabalho do processo de fluxo<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0realizado no sistema ou pelo mesmo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Processo isentr\u00f3pico (dQ = 0):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

dH = Vdp \u2192 W = H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>2<\/span><\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0– H\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>1<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c9 \u00f3bvio que ser\u00e1 muito \u00fatil na an\u00e1lise de ambos os ciclos termodin\u00e2micos usados \u200b\u200bna engenharia de energia, ou seja, no ciclo de Brayton e no ciclo de Rankine.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Processo<\/a>
Processo isob\u00e1rico – principais caracter\u00edsticas<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"A<\/a>
Para uma massa fixa de g\u00e1s a press\u00e3o constante, o volume \u00e9 diretamente proporcional \u00e0 temperatura Kelvin.\u00a0Fonte: grc.nasa.gov A pol\u00edtica de direitos autorais da NASA afirma que \u201co material da NASA n\u00e3o \u00e9 protegido por direitos autorais, a menos que seja observado\u201d.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….<\/div>\n
\nEste artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Processo Isob\u00e1rico – Calor e Energia. Em um processo isob\u00e1rico e no g\u00e1s ideal, parte do calor adicionado ao sistema ser\u00e1 usada para realizar o trabalho e parte do calor adicionado aumentar\u00e1 a energia interna. Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Processo Isob\u00e1rico – Calor e Energia Processo Isob\u00e1rico – Calor e Energia A forma cl\u00e1ssica da\u00a0primeira lei da … Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nO que \u00e9 o processo isob\u00e1rico - Calor e energia - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Processo Isob\u00e1rico - Calor e Energia. Em um processo isob\u00e1rico e no g\u00e1s ideal, parte do calor adicionado ao sistema ser\u00e1 usada para realizar o trabalho e parte do calor adicionado aumentar\u00e1 a energia interna. 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