{"id":48159,"date":"2019-11-08T08:40:52","date_gmt":"2019-11-08T07:40:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-processo-adiabatico-vs-isentropico-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-27T17:16:25","modified_gmt":"2020-01-27T16:16:25","slug":"o-que-e-processo-adiabatico-vs-isentropico-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-processo-adiabatico-vs-isentropico-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 processo adiab\u00e1tico vs isentr\u00f3pico – Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o processo isentr\u00f3pico no qual a entropia do fluido ou g\u00e1s permanece constante, no processo adiab\u00e1tico a entropia muda. Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Processo adiab\u00edtico vs. isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/h2>\n

Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o\u00a0<\/span>processo isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0no qual a\u00a0<\/span>entropia<\/span><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0do fluido ou g\u00e1s\u00a0<\/span>permanece constante<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, no\u00a0<\/span>processo adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0<\/span>entropia muda<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Portanto, o processo adiab\u00e1tico \u00e9 considerado\u00a0<\/span>um processo irrevers\u00edvel<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0O\u00a0<\/span>processo isentr\u00f3pico<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 um caso especial de um processo adiab\u00e1tico.\u00a0<\/span>O processo isentr\u00f3pico \u00e9 um processo adiab\u00e1tico revers\u00edvel<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Um processo isentr\u00f3pico tamb\u00e9m pode ser chamado de processo de entropia constante.\u00a0Na engenharia, esse processo idealizado \u00e9 muito \u00fatil para compara\u00e7\u00e3o com processos reais.<\/span><\/p>\n

Uma maneira de fazer com que processos reais se aproximem de processos revers\u00edveis \u00e9 executar o processo em uma s\u00e9rie de\u00a0etapas\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>pequenas<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ou infinitesimais\u00a0ou\u00a0infinitamente lenta<\/strong>\u00a0, para que o processo possa ser considerado como uma s\u00e9rie de estados de equil\u00edbrio.\u00a0Por exemplo, a transfer\u00eancia de calor pode ser considerada revers\u00edvel se ocorrer devido a uma pequena diferen\u00e7a de temperatura entre o sistema e seus arredores.\u00a0Mas processos reais n\u00e3o s\u00e3o feitos infinitamente devagar.\u00a0Processos revers\u00edveis<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0s\u00e3o uma fic\u00e7\u00e3o te\u00f3rica \u00fatil e conveniente, mas n\u00e3o ocorrem na natureza.\u00a0Por exemplo, pode haver turbul\u00eancia no g\u00e1s.\u00a0Portanto, os\u00a0motores t\u00e9rmicos<\/a>\u00a0devem ter\u00a0efici\u00eancias<\/a>\u00a0mais baixas<\/span>\u00a0do que limites \u00e0 sua efici\u00eancia devido \u00e0 irreversibilidade inerente ao ciclo do motor t\u00e9rmico utilizado.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Principais<\/a>
Principais caracter\u00edsticas do processo adiab\u00e1tico<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span>Primeira lei da termodin\u00e2mica<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span>Lei do g\u00e1s ideal<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span>O que \u00e9 entalpia<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Efici\u00eancia isentr\u00f3pica – turbina, compressor, bocal<\/span><\/h2>\n

Nos cap\u00edtulos anteriores assumiu-se que a expans\u00e3o do g\u00e1s \u00e9\u00a0<\/span>isentr\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e, portanto, utilizou-se\u00a0<\/span>o t\u00a0<\/span>4, \u00e9<\/span><\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0como a temperatura de sa\u00edda do g\u00e1s.\u00a0Essas premissas s\u00e3o aplic\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bapenas aos ciclos ideais.<\/span><\/p>\n

A maioria\u00a0<\/span>dos dispositivos de fluxo constante<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(turbinas, compressores, bicos) opera em\u00a0<\/span>condi\u00e7\u00f5es adiab\u00e1ticas<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, mas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o verdadeiramente isentr\u00f3picos, mas s\u00e3o idealizados como isentr\u00f3picos para fins de c\u00e1lculo.\u00a0Definimos os par\u00e2metros\u00a0<\/span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>C<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0, \u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>N<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0,<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0como uma\u00a0<\/span>raz\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0entre\u00a0<\/span>o trabalho real realizado<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0por dispositivo e o\u00a0<\/span>trabalho por dispositivo quando operado em condi\u00e7\u00f5es isentr\u00f3picas<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(no caso de turbinas).\u00a0Essa rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 conhecida como\u00a0<\/span>efici\u00eancia isentr\u00f3pica de turbina \/ compressor \/ bico<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n

Esses par\u00e2metros descrevem com que efici\u00eancia uma turbina, compressor ou bico se aproxima de um dispositivo isentr\u00f3pico correspondente.\u00a0Este par\u00e2metro reduz a efici\u00eancia geral e a produ\u00e7\u00e3o do trabalho.\u00a0Para turbinas, o valor de\u00a0<\/span>\u03b7\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>T<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 tipicamente de 0,7 a 0,9 (70-90%).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Efici\u00eancia<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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\"Compress\u00e3o<\/a><\/p>\n
\"Expans\u00e3o<\/a>
O processo isentr\u00f3pico \u00e9 um caso especial de processos adiab\u00e1ticos.\u00a0\u00c9 um processo adiab\u00e1tico revers\u00edvel.\u00a0Um processo isentr\u00f3pico tamb\u00e9m pode ser chamado de processo de entropia constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o processo isentr\u00f3pico no qual a entropia do fluido ou g\u00e1s permanece constante, no processo adiab\u00e1tico a entropia muda. Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Processo adiab\u00edtico vs. isentr\u00f3pico Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o\u00a0processo isentr\u00f3pico\u00a0no qual a\u00a0entropia\u00a0do fluido ou g\u00e1s\u00a0permanece constante\u00a0, no\u00a0processo adiab\u00e1tico\u00a0a\u00a0entropia muda\u00a0.\u00a0Portanto, o processo adiab\u00e1tico \u00e9 considerado\u00a0um processo irrevers\u00edvel\u00a0.\u00a0O\u00a0processo isentr\u00f3pico\u00a0\u00e9 um caso especial de um … Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nO que \u00e9 processo adiab\u00e1tico vs isentr\u00f3pico - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o processo isentr\u00f3pico no qual a entropia do fluido ou g\u00e1s permanece constante, no processo adiab\u00e1tico a entropia muda. 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