{"id":48328,"date":"2019-11-10T03:33:34","date_gmt":"2019-11-10T02:33:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-entropia-e-a-segunda-lei-da-termodinamica-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-28T14:42:59","modified_gmt":"2020-01-28T13:42:59","slug":"o-que-e-entropia-e-a-segunda-lei-da-termodinamica-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-entropia-e-a-segunda-lei-da-termodinamica-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica.\u00a0A entropia refere-se \u00e0 segunda lei, uma vez que a segunda lei prev\u00ea que alguma rejei\u00e7\u00e3o de calor deve ocorrer em ciclo fechado.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>V\u00e1rias declara\u00e7\u00f5es da lei<\/h2>\n<p>A\u00a0<strong>segunda lei da termodin\u00e2mica<\/strong>\u00a0pode ser expressa de v\u00e1rias maneiras espec\u00edficas.\u00a0Cada declara\u00e7\u00e3o expressa a mesma lei.\u00a0Listados abaixo est\u00e3o tr\u00eas frequentemente encontrados.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a title=\"Clausius Declara\u00e7\u00e3o da Segunda Lei\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/second-law-of-thermodynamics\/clausius-statement-of-the-second-law\/\">Declara\u00e7\u00e3o Clausius<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Declara\u00e7\u00e3o da Segunda Lei de Kelvin-Planck\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/second-law-of-thermodynamics\/kelvin-planck-statement-of-the-second-law\/\">Declara\u00e7\u00e3o de Kelvin-Planck<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/second-law-of-thermodynamics\/entropy-and-the-second-law-of-thermodynamics\/\">Entropia e a Segunda Lei<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Antes dessas declara\u00e7\u00f5es, devemos lembrar o trabalho de\u00a0\u00a0um engenheiro e f\u00edsico franc\u00eas,\u00a0<strong><b>Nicolas L\u00e9onard Sadi Carnot<\/b><\/strong>, que\u00a0avan\u00e7ou o estudo da segunda lei, formando um princ\u00edpio (\u00a0tamb\u00e9m chamado\u00a0<strong><b>de regra de Carnot\u00a0<\/b><\/strong>) que especifica limites para a m\u00e1xima efici\u00eancia que qualquer motor t\u00e9rmico pode obter .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span>Entropia e a Segunda Lei<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16713\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16713\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Entropy-T-s-Diagram.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16713 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Entropy-T-s-Diagram-300x273.png\" alt=\"Diagrama de Ts de um ciclo termodin\u00e2mico\" width=\"300\" height=\"273\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Entropy-T-s-Diagram-300x273.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16713\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagrama Ts do ciclo de Rankine<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Uma conseq\u00fc\u00eancia da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>segunda lei da termodin\u00e2mica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 o desenvolvimento da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>propriedade f\u00edsica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da mat\u00e9ria, conhecida como\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 entropia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><strong><span>entropia (S)<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A altera\u00e7\u00e3o nesta propriedade \u00e9 usada para determinar a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dire\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0na qual um determinado processo continuar\u00e1.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A entropia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0quantifica a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de uma subst\u00e2ncia que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est\u00e1\u00a0<strong>mais dispon\u00edvel para realizar um trabalho \u00fatil<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Isso se refere \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>segunda lei,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0uma vez que a segunda lei prev\u00ea que nem todo o calor fornecido a um ciclo pode ser transformado em uma quantidade igual de trabalho; alguma rejei\u00e7\u00e3o de calor deve ocorrer.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 entropia\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/\"><span>Entropia<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Segundo Clausius, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>entropia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0foi definida atrav\u00e9s da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>mudan\u00e7a na entropia S<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de um sistema.\u00a0A mudan\u00e7a na entropia S, quando uma quantidade de calor Q \u00e9 adicionada a ela por um processo revers\u00edvel a temperatura constante, \u00e9 dada por:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Entropy-Equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-16710 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Entropy-Equation.png\" alt=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o da entropia\" width=\"102\" height=\"74\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Entropy-Equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Aqui\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a energia transferida como\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Calor na Termodin\u00e2mica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-calor-na-fisica-calor-definicao\/\"><strong><span>calor<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0para ou do sistema durante o processo, e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>T<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a\u00a0<strong><a title=\"O que \u00e9 temperatura - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-temperatura-fisica-definicao\/\">temperatura<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0do sistema em\u00a0<a title=\"Escala Kelvin - Temperatura Absoluta\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-temperature-physics\/kelvin-scale-absolute-temperature\/\">Kelvins<\/a>\u00a0durante o processo.\u00a0A unidade SI de entropia \u00e9\u00a0<strong>J \/ K<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>segunda lei da termodin\u00e2mica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m pode ser expressa como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u2206S\u22650<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para um ciclo fechado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Em palavras:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>A entropia de qualquer sistema isolado nunca diminui.\u00a0Em um processo termodin\u00e2mico natural, a soma das entropias dos sistemas termodin\u00e2micos em intera\u00e7\u00e3o aumenta.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>\u2206S\u22650<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Como a entropia diz muito sobre a utilidade de uma quantidade de calor transferida na execu\u00e7\u00e3o do trabalho, as\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Tabelas de Vapor - Propriedades Espec\u00edficas da \u00c1gua e Vapor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/steam-tables\/\"><span>tabelas de vapor<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0incluem valores de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Entropia espec\u00edfica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/what-is-energy-physics\/what-is-entropy\/specific-entropy\/\"><span>entropia espec\u00edfica<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(s = S \/ m) como parte das informa\u00e7\u00f5es tabuladas.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica.\u00a0A entropia refere-se \u00e0 segunda lei, uma vez que a segunda lei prev\u00ea que alguma rejei\u00e7\u00e3o de calor deve ocorrer em ciclo fechado.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica V\u00e1rias declara\u00e7\u00f5es da lei A\u00a0segunda lei da termodin\u00e2mica\u00a0pode ser expressa de v\u00e1rias maneiras espec\u00edficas.\u00a0Cada declara\u00e7\u00e3o expressa a mesma lei.\u00a0Listados abaixo est\u00e3o tr\u00eas frequentemente encontrados. Declara\u00e7\u00e3o &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-entropia-e-a-segunda-lei-da-termodinamica-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Entropia e a Segunda Lei da Termodin\u00e2mica. 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