{"id":48332,"date":"2019-11-10T03:52:11","date_gmt":"2019-11-10T02:52:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-fonte-de-energia-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-28T14:44:14","modified_gmt":"2020-01-28T13:44:14","slug":"o-que-e-fonte-de-energia-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-fonte-de-energia-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 fonte de energia &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">As fontes de energia sempre desempenharam um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento da sociedade humana.\u00a0Temos que distinguir as fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria e secund\u00e1ria.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Fontes de energia<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16776\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16776\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Primary-energy-sources-share-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16776 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Primary-energy-sources-share-min-300x261.png\" alt=\"Fornecimento total de energia prim\u00e1ria\" width=\"300\" height=\"261\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Primary-energy-sources-share-min-300x261.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16776\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fornecimento total de energia prim\u00e1ria por recurso 1993, 2011 e previs\u00e3o para 2020.<br \/>\nFonte: World Energy Resources &#8211; Pesquisa de 2013<br \/>\nUsado com permiss\u00e3o do Conselho Mundial da Energia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>As fontes de energia<\/strong>\u00a0sempre desempenharam um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento da sociedade humana.\u00a0Desde a revolu\u00e7\u00e3o industrial, a energia tem sido uma for\u00e7a motriz para o desenvolvimento da civiliza\u00e7\u00e3o moderna.\u00a0O desenvolvimento tecnol\u00f3gico e o\u00a0<strong>consumo de energia prim\u00e1ria<\/strong>\u00a0, juntamente com o aumento da popula\u00e7\u00e3o mundial, s\u00e3o interdependentes.\u00a0Nos \u00faltimos 20 anos, o mundo ao nosso redor mudou significativamente.\u00a0A tecnologia tornou-se um dos principais motores do desenvolvimento econ\u00f4mico e social.\u00a0O r\u00e1pido avan\u00e7o da Tecnologia da Informa\u00e7\u00e3o (TI) em todo o mundo transformou n\u00e3o apenas a maneira como pensamos, mas tamb\u00e9m a maneira como agimos.\u00a0Deve-se notar que praticamente todas as tecnologias funcionam com\u00a0<strong>energia el\u00e9trica<\/strong>\u00a0e, portanto, a parcela de eletricidade est\u00e1 aumentando rapidamente, mais rapidamente do que<strong>Fornecimento total de energia prim\u00e1ria<\/strong>\u00a0(TPES &#8211; soma da produ\u00e7\u00e3o e importa\u00e7\u00f5es subtraindo as exporta\u00e7\u00f5es e as mudan\u00e7as de armazenamento).<\/p>\n<p>Atualmente, o combust\u00edvel f\u00f3ssil ainda \u00e9 a fonte de energia predominante no mundo e sua extra\u00e7\u00e3o, produ\u00e7\u00e3o e uso n\u00e3o s\u00e3o consideradas eficientes, independentemente das novas tecnologias dispon\u00edveis para melhorar seu uso e extra\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0Ao estudar os recursos energ\u00e9ticos, precisamos distinguir as\u00a0<strong>fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>secund\u00e1ria<\/strong> .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16775\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16775\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/primary-energy-sources-table-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-16775 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/primary-energy-sources-table-min.png\" alt=\"fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria - tabela\" width=\"437\" height=\"503\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/primary-energy-sources-table-min.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16775\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Principais indicadores para 1993, 2011 e previs\u00e3o para 2020.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Fonte: World Energy Resources &#8211; Pesquisa de 2013<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Utilizada com permiss\u00e3o do Conselho Mundial da Energia<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span>A energia prim\u00e1ria (PE)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 um recurso energ\u00e9tico encontrado na natureza que n\u00e3o foi submetido a nenhum processo de convers\u00e3o ou transforma\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0\u00c9 a energia contida nos\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>combust\u00edveis brutos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e outras formas de energia recebidas como insumo para um sistema.\u00a0As fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria assumem v\u00e1rias formas, incluindo energia nuclear, energia f\u00f3ssil &#8211; como petr\u00f3leo, carv\u00e3o e g\u00e1s natural &#8211; e fontes renov\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bcomo e\u00f3lica, solar, geot\u00e9rmica e hidrel\u00e9trica.\u00a0Essas fontes prim\u00e1rias\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>podem ser convertidas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0em fonte de energia secund\u00e1ria, os chamados\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>portadores de energia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria podem ser divididas em:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Fontes n\u00e3o renov\u00e1veis<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>\u00d3leo<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Carv\u00e3o<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>G\u00e1s natural<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span>Combust\u00edveis minerais<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Ur\u00e2nio natural<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>T\u00f3rio natural<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span>Fontes renov\u00e1veis<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Energia solar<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Energia e\u00f3lica<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Energia h\u00eddrica e das mar\u00e9s<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Energia geot\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Energia de biomassa (se explorada de forma sustent\u00e1vel)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Fontes de energia secund\u00e1rias &#8211; Transportadoras de energia<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>Fontes de energia secund\u00e1rias<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, tamb\u00e9m chamadas de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>portadoras de energia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, s\u00e3o derivadas da transforma\u00e7\u00e3o de fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria.\u00a0Eles s\u00e3o chamados portadores de energia, porque movem energia de uma forma utiliz\u00e1vel de um lugar para outro.\u00a0Os portadores de energia conhecidos s\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Eletricidade<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Gasolina<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Hidrog\u00eanio<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Eletricidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>hidrog\u00eanio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0produzidos a partir de fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria, como carv\u00e3o, g\u00e1s natural, energia nuclear, petr\u00f3leo e fontes de energia renov\u00e1veis.\u00a0A eletricidade \u00e9 particularmente \u00fatil, pois possui\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>baixa entropia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(\u00e9 altamente solicitada) e pode ser convertida em outras formas de energia com muita efici\u00eancia.\u00a0Simplesmente, n\u00e3o podemos dizer que o hidrog\u00eanio tenha potencial para compensar os combust\u00edveis f\u00f3sseis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Fontes de energia secund\u00e1rias s\u00e3o usadas, porque seu uso \u00e9 mais f\u00e1cil do que usar uma fonte de energia prim\u00e1ria.\u00a0Por exemplo, usar eletricidade para ilumina\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 mais seguro do que usar petr\u00f3leo em velas ou l\u00e2mpadas de querosene.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Por outro lado, qualquer convers\u00e3o de energia prim\u00e1ria em transportadora de energia est\u00e1 associada a alguma inefici\u00eancia.\u00a0Portanto, ao lidar com fonte de energia secund\u00e1ria, devemos sempre considerar o caminho, como a transportadora foi fabricada.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Exemplos de energia de 1 Joule<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>Um joule<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0na vida cotidiana e na ci\u00eancia corresponde aproximadamente a:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>A energia cin\u00e9tica de um objeto com massa\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>1 kg<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0movendo-se a \u221a2 \u2248\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>1,4 m \/ s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>A energia cin\u00e9tica de um\u00a0objeto de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>50 kg<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(por exemplo, humano) se move muito lentamente &#8211; aproximadamente\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>0,72 km \/ h<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>A energia necess\u00e1ria para levantar uma ma\u00e7\u00e3 de tamanho m\u00e9dio (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>100 g<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0)\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>1 metro verticalmente<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da superf\u00edcie da Terra.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>O calor necess\u00e1rio para aumentar a temperatura de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>um g de\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Propriedades da \u00c1gua\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-nuclear-engineering\/properties-of-water\/\"><span>\u00e1gua<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0de 0,24 \u00b0 C<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>O calor necess\u00e1rio para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>evaporar<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>0,00044 g de \u00e1gua no estado l\u00edquido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0a 100 \u00b0 C.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>A quantidade de eletricidade necess\u00e1ria para acender um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>LED de 1 watt<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0por\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>1 s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>\u00c9 liberado por aproximadamente\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>3,1\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>\u00d7\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>10\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sup><span>10<\/span><\/sup><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0fiss\u00f5es<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0em um reator nuclear.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As fontes de energia sempre desempenharam um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento da sociedade humana.\u00a0Temos que distinguir as fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria e secund\u00e1ria.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Fontes de energia Fornecimento total de energia prim\u00e1ria por recurso 1993, 2011 e previs\u00e3o para 2020. Fonte: World Energy Resources &#8211; Pesquisa de 2013 Usado com permiss\u00e3o do Conselho Mundial &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 fonte de energia &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-fonte-de-energia-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 fonte de energia &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 fonte de energia - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"As fontes de energia sempre desempenharam um papel muito importante no desenvolvimento da sociedade humana. Temos que distinguir as fontes de energia prim\u00e1ria e secund\u00e1ria. 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