{"id":48481,"date":"2019-11-10T21:02:55","date_gmt":"2019-11-10T20:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-exemplo-de-energia-potencial-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-29T13:19:50","modified_gmt":"2020-01-29T12:19:50","slug":"o-que-e-exemplo-de-energia-potencial-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-exemplo-de-energia-potencial-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 exemplo de energia potencial – defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A energia potencial gravitacional, a energia potencial el\u00e1stica e a energia potencial el\u00e9trica s\u00e3o exemplos t\u00edpicos de energia potencial.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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Exemplos de energia potencial<\/h2>\n

Energia potencial gravitacional:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Na mec\u00e2nica cl\u00e1ssica, a energia potencial gravitacional (U) \u00e9 a energia que um objeto possui devido \u00e0 sua posi\u00e7\u00e3o em um campo gravitacional.\u00a0O potencial gravitacional (V; a energia gravitacional por unidade de massa) em um local \u00e9 igual ao trabalho (energia transferida) por unidade de massa que seria necess\u00e1ria para mover o objeto de um local de refer\u00eancia fixo para o local do objeto.\u00a0O uso mais comum da energia potencial gravitacional \u00e9 para um objeto pr\u00f3ximo \u00e0 superf\u00edcie da Terra, onde se pode presumir que a acelera\u00e7\u00e3o gravitacional seja constante a cerca de 9,8 m \/ s\u00a02<\/sup>\u00a0.<\/p>\n

U = mgh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Energia potencial el\u00e1stica<\/strong>\u00a0:<\/p>\n

Energia potencial el\u00e1stica \u00e9 a energia potencial armazenada como resultado da deforma\u00e7\u00e3o de um objeto el\u00e1stico, como o alongamento de uma mola.\u00a0Depende da constante de mola k, bem como da dist\u00e2ncia esticada.<\/p>\n

U = 1\/2 kx\u00a02<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

Energia potencial el\u00e9trica<\/strong>\u00a0:<\/p>\n

A energia potencial el\u00e9trica \u00e9 uma energia potencial resultante de for\u00e7as conservadoras de Coulomb e est\u00e1 associada \u00e0 configura\u00e7\u00e3o de um conjunto espec\u00edfico de cargas pontuais dentro de um sistema definido.\u00a0Por exemplo, se uma carga positiva Q for fixada em algum ponto do espa\u00e7o, qualquer outra carga positiva que seja aproximada experimentar\u00e1 uma for\u00e7a repulsiva e, portanto, ter\u00e1 energia potencial.<\/p>\n

U = kQq\u00a0\/ r<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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Bloco deslizando por uma ladeira sem atrito<\/span><\/h2>\n

O bloco de 1 kg inicia uma altura H (digamos 1 m) acima do solo, com\u00a0<\/span>energia potencial\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>mgH<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span>energia cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0igual a 0.\u00a0Desliza<\/strong>\u00a0para o ch\u00e3o (sem atrito) e chega sem energia potencial e energia cin\u00e9tica\u00a0<\/span>K = \u00bd mv\u00a0<\/span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Calcule a velocidade do bloco no ch\u00e3o e sua energia cin\u00e9tica.<\/span><\/p>\n

E\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>mech<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= U + K = const<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

=> \u00bd mv\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= mgH<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

=> v = \u221a2gH = 4,43 m \/ s<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

=> K\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/span><\/sub><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= \u00bd x 1 kg x (4,43 m \/ s)\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= 19,62 kg.m\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0.s\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/strong>-2<\/span><\/sup><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0= 19,62 J<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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P\u00eandulo<\/span><\/h2>\n

\"conserva\u00e7\u00e3o-do-p\u00eandulo-de-energia-mec\u00e2nica\"<\/a>Suponha um\u00a0<\/span>p\u00eandulo<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(bola de massa m suspensa em uma corda de comprimento\u00a0<\/span>L<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0que t\u00eam puxado para cima de modo a que a bola \u00e9 uma altura\u00a0<\/span>H <G<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0acima do seu ponto mais baixo do arco do seu movimento corda esticada. O p\u00eandulo \u00e9 submetido ao\u00a0<\/span>conservador for\u00e7a gravitacional,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0onde for\u00e7as de atrito como o arrasto a\u00e9reo e o atrito no piv\u00f4 s\u00e3o desprez\u00edveis.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f3s o liberamos do descanso.\u00a0<\/span>Qu\u00e3o r\u00e1pido est\u00e1 indo no fundo?<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"conserva\u00e7\u00e3o-de-energia-mec\u00e2nica-p\u00eandulo2\"<\/a><\/p>\n

O p\u00eandulo atinge a\u00a0<\/span>maior energia cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span>menos energia potencial<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0quando na\u00a0<\/span>posi\u00e7\u00e3o vertical<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0, porque ter\u00e1 a maior velocidade e estar\u00e1 mais pr\u00f3ximo da Terra neste ponto.\u00a0Por outro lado, ter\u00e1 sua\u00a0<\/span>energia menos cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span>maior energia potencial<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0nas\u00a0<\/span>posi\u00e7\u00f5es extremas<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0de seu balan\u00e7o, porque possui velocidade zero e est\u00e1 mais distante da Terra nesses pontos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Se a amplitude \u00e9 limitada a pequenas oscila\u00e7\u00f5es, o per\u00edodo\u00a0<\/span>T<\/span><\/em>\u00a0de um p\u00eandulo simples, o tempo necess\u00e1rio para um ciclo completo, \u00e9:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"per\u00edodo-de-p\u00eandulo-conserva\u00e7\u00e3o-de-energia\"<\/a><\/p>\n

onde\u00a0<\/span>L<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 o comprimento do p\u00eandulo\u00a0<\/span>eg<\/span><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 a acelera\u00e7\u00e3o local da gravidade.\u00a0Para balan\u00e7os pequenos, o per\u00edodo de oscila\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 aproximadamente o mesmo para balan\u00e7os de tamanhos diferentes.\u00a0Ou seja,\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>o per\u00edodo \u00e9 independente da amplitude<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….<\/p>\n

Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A energia potencial gravitacional, a energia potencial el\u00e1stica e a energia potencial el\u00e9trica s\u00e3o exemplos t\u00edpicos de energia potencial.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Exemplos de energia potencial Energia potencial gravitacional: Na mec\u00e2nica cl\u00e1ssica, a energia potencial gravitacional (U) \u00e9 a energia que um objeto possui devido \u00e0 sua posi\u00e7\u00e3o em um campo gravitacional.\u00a0O potencial gravitacional (V; a energia … Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nO que \u00e9 exemplo de energia potencial - defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A energia potencial gravitacional, a energia potencial el\u00e1stica e a energia potencial el\u00e9trica s\u00e3o exemplos t\u00edpicos de energia potencial. 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