{"id":48501,"date":"2019-11-10T22:37:30","date_gmt":"2019-11-10T21:37:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-29T13:27:53","modified_gmt":"2020-01-29T12:27:53","slug":"o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 energia interna espec\u00edfica – Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
A energia interna espec\u00edfica (u) de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa.\u00a0\u00c9 uma propriedade intensiva.\u00a0\u00c9 igual \u00e0 energia interna total (U) dividida pela massa total (m).\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n
\n
<\/div>\n

Energia interna espec\u00edfica<\/h2>\n

A\u00a0energia interna espec\u00edfica (u)<\/strong>\u00a0de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa.\u00a0\u00c9 uma\u00a0propriedade intensiva<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00c9 igual \u00e0 energia interna total (U) dividida pela massa total (m).<\/p>\n

u = U \/ m<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Onde:<\/p>\n

u = energia interna espec\u00edfica (J \/ kg)<\/p>\n

U = energia interna (J)<\/p>\n

m = massa (kg)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
<\/div>\n

Energia Interna – Energia T\u00e9rmica<\/h2>\n

Energia potencial<\/strong>\u00a0<\/a>e\u00a0energia\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>cin\u00e9tica<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0, discutidas nos cap\u00edtulos anteriores, s\u00e3o\u00a0formas macrosc\u00f3picas de energia<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Eles dependem de vari\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bmacrosc\u00f3picas, como a posi\u00e7\u00e3o e a velocidade dos objetos.<\/p>\n

Na termodin\u00e2mica,\u00a0energia interna<\/strong>\u00a0(tamb\u00e9m chamada\u00a0de energia t\u00e9rmica<\/strong>\u00a0) \u00e9 definida como a energia associada a\u00a0formas microsc\u00f3picas de energia<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00c9 uma\u00a0quantidade extensa<\/a>\u00a0, depende do tamanho do sistema ou da quantidade de subst\u00e2ncia que ele cont\u00e9m.\u00a0A unidade SI de\u00a0energia interna<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 o\u00a0joule (J)<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00c9 a energia contida no sistema, excluindo a energia cin\u00e9tica do movimento do sistema como um todo e a energia potencial do sistema.\u00a0As formas microsc\u00f3picas de energia<\/strong>\u00a0incluem aquelas devidas \u00e0\u00a0rota\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0vibra\u00e7\u00e3o, transla\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0intera\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong>entre as mol\u00e9culas de uma subst\u00e2ncia.\u00a0Nenhuma dessas formas de energia pode ser medida ou avaliada diretamente, mas t\u00e9cnicas foram desenvolvidas para avaliar a mudan\u00e7a na soma total de todas essas formas microsc\u00f3picas de energia.<\/p>\n

Al\u00e9m disso, a energia \u00e9 armazenada nas liga\u00e7\u00f5es qu\u00edmicas entre os \u00e1tomos que comp\u00f5em as mol\u00e9culas.\u00a0Esse armazenamento de energia no n\u00edvel at\u00f4mico inclui energia associada a estados orbitais de el\u00e9trons, rota\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear e for\u00e7as de liga\u00e7\u00e3o no n\u00facleo.<\/p>\n

A energia interna<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 representada pelo s\u00edmbolo\u00a0U<\/strong>\u00a0, e a mudan\u00e7a na energia interna em um processo \u00e9 U\u00a02<\/sub>\u00a0– U\u00a01<\/sub>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
<\/div>\n

Energia microsc\u00f3pica<\/span><\/h2>\n

A energia interna<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0envolve energia na\u00a0<\/span>escala microsc\u00f3pica<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Pode ser dividido em energia microsc\u00f3pica potencial,\u00a0pote\u00a0<\/sub><\/span>U<\/span><\/em>\u00a0e energia cin\u00e9tica microsc\u00f3pica,\u00a0U\u00a0<\/em>kin<\/sub>\u00a0, componentes:<\/span><\/p>\n

U = U\u00a0<\/span>pote<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0+ U\u00a0<\/span>parentes<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"Energia<\/a>onde a energia cin\u00e9tica microsc\u00f3pica, U\u00a0<\/span>kin<\/span><\/sub>\u00a0, envolve os\u00a0<\/span>movimentos<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0de todas as part\u00edculas do sistema em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 estrutura do centro de massa.\u00a0Para um\u00a0<\/span>g\u00e1s monat\u00f4mico<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0ideal\u00a0, essa \u00e9 apenas a\u00a0<\/span>energia cin\u00e9tica translacional<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0do movimento linear dos \u00e1tomos.\u00a0Part\u00edculas monoat\u00f4micas n\u00e3o giram ou vibram.\u00a0O comportamento do sistema \u00e9 bem descrito pela teoria cin\u00e9tica dos gases.\u00a0A teoria cin\u00e9tica baseia-se no fato de que durante uma\u00a0<\/span>colis\u00e3o el\u00e1stica<\/span><\/a>\u00a0entre uma mol\u00e9cula com alta energia cin\u00e9tica e outra com baixa energia cin\u00e9tica, parte da energia ser\u00e1 transferida para a mol\u00e9cula de energia cin\u00e9tica inferior.\u00a0No entanto, para\u00a0<\/span>gases poliat\u00f4micos,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0existem\u00a0<\/span>rota\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0e<\/span>energia cin\u00e9tica vibracional<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m.<\/span><\/p>\n

A energia potencial microsc\u00f3pica,\u00a0<\/span>U\u00a0<\/span>pot<\/span><\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0, envolve as\u00a0<\/span>liga\u00e7\u00f5es qu\u00edmicas<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0entre os \u00e1tomos que comp\u00f5em as mol\u00e9culas, as for\u00e7as de liga\u00e7\u00e3o no n\u00facleo e tamb\u00e9m os campos de for\u00e7a f\u00edsica no sistema (por exemplo, campos el\u00e9tricos ou magn\u00e9ticos).<\/span><\/p>\n

Em l\u00edquidos e s\u00f3lidos, h\u00e1 um componente significativo da energia potencial associada \u00e0s\u00a0<\/span>for\u00e7as de atra\u00e7\u00e3o intermoleculares<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….<\/p>\n

Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A energia interna espec\u00edfica (u) de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa.\u00a0\u00c9 uma propriedade intensiva.\u00a0\u00c9 igual \u00e0 energia interna total (U) dividida pela massa total (m).\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Energia interna espec\u00edfica A\u00a0energia interna espec\u00edfica (u)\u00a0de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa.\u00a0\u00c9 uma\u00a0propriedade intensiva\u00a0.\u00a0\u00c9 igual \u00e0 energia interna total … Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nO que \u00e9 energia interna espec\u00edfica - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A energia interna espec\u00edfica (u) de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa. \u00c9 uma propriedade intensiva. \u00c9 igual \u00e0 energia interna total (U) dividida pela massa total (m). Engenharia T\u00e9rmica\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O que \u00e9 energia interna espec\u00edfica - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A energia interna espec\u00edfica (u) de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa. \u00c9 uma propriedade intensiva. \u00c9 igual \u00e0 energia interna total (U) dividida pela massa total (m). Engenharia T\u00e9rmica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-11-10T21:37:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-29T12:27:53+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/microscopic-energy-internal-energy-300x196.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutos\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/microscopic-energy-internal-energy-300x196.png\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/\",\"name\":\"O que \\u00e9 energia interna espec\\u00edfica - Defini\\u00e7\\u00e3o\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-11-10T21:37:30+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-01-29T12:27:53+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"A energia interna espec\\u00edfica (u) de uma subst\\u00e2ncia \\u00e9 sua energia interna por unidade de massa. \\u00c9 uma propriedade intensiva. \\u00c9 igual \\u00e0 energia interna total (U) dividida pela massa total (m). Engenharia T\\u00e9rmica\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-especifica-definicao\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48501"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48501"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/48501\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48501"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=48501"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=48501"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}