{"id":49009,"date":"2019-11-14T03:28:07","date_gmt":"2019-11-14T02:28:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-perda-de-pressao-no-tubo-perda-de-friccao-no-tubo-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-02-01T16:00:33","modified_gmt":"2020-02-01T15:00:33","slug":"o-que-e-perda-de-pressao-no-tubo-perda-de-friccao-no-tubo-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-perda-de-pressao-no-tubo-perda-de-friccao-no-tubo-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 perda de press\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Perda de fric\u00e7\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">A perda de press\u00e3o no tubo ou a perda de atrito no tubo \u00e9 aproximadamente proporcional ao quadrado da taxa de fluxo na maioria dos fluxos de engenharia. Perda de press\u00e3o no tubo<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Perda de press\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Perda de fric\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>A perda de press\u00e3o no tubo, que est\u00e1 associada \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de energia de atrito<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0por comprimento do tubo, depende da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>velocidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>fluxo, comprimento do tubo, di\u00e2metro do tubo e um fator de atrito<\/strong>\u00a0baseado na rugosidade do tubo, e se o fluxo \u00e9\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fluxo Laminar - Fluxo Viscoso\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-fluxo-laminar-fluxo-viscoso-definicao\/\"><span>laminar<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0ou\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fluxo turbulento\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-fluxo-turbulento-definicao\/\"><span>turbulento<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(ou seja, o\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"N\u00famero de Reynolds\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/reynolds-number\/\"><span>n\u00famero<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<a title=\"N\u00famero de Reynolds\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/reynolds-number\/\">Reynolds<\/a>\u00a0do fluxo).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Embora a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de press\u00e3o represente uma perda de energia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, ela\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n\u00e3o representa uma perda de energia total<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do fluido.\u00a0A energia total do fluido conserva como conseq\u00fc\u00eancia da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de energia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Na realidade, a perda de carga devido ao atrito resulta em um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumento<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0equivalente\u00a0<strong>na energia interna<\/strong>\u00a0(aumento da temperatura) do fluido.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Pela observa\u00e7\u00e3o, a\u00a0<strong>\u00a0perda de\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>atrito\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>no tubo \u00e9 aproximadamente proporcional ao quadrado da taxa de fluxo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0na maioria dos fluxos de engenharia (fluxo de tubo turbulento e totalmente desenvolvido).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A equa\u00e7\u00e3o mais comum usada para calcular a perda de press\u00e3o em canos, tubos ou dutos \u00e9 a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy-Weisbach\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/darcy-weisbach-equation\/\"><strong><span>equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy-Weisbach<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy-Weisbach<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Na din\u00e2mica de fluidos,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>a equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy-Weisbach<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 uma equa\u00e7\u00e3o fenomenol\u00f3gica, que relaciona a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>principal perda de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0carga ou perda de press\u00e3o devido ao\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>atrito do fluido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ao longo de um determinado comprimento do tubo \u00e0 velocidade m\u00e9dia.\u00a0Esta equa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 v\u00e1lida para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fluxo monof\u00e1sico totalmente desenvolvido, est\u00e1vel e incompress\u00edvel<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy-Weisbach na\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>forma de perda de press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser escrita como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Major-Head-Loss-pressure-loss-form.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14582 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Major-Head-Loss-pressure-loss-form.png\" alt=\"Major Head Loss - formul\u00e1rio de perda de press\u00e3o\" width=\"171\" height=\"66\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Major-Head-Loss-pressure-loss-form.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Onde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>\u0394p = perda de press\u00e3o devido ao atrito (Pa)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>f\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>D<\/span><\/sub><\/em><span>\u00a0=\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fator de atrito de Darcy\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-fator-de-atrito-de-darcy-definicao\/\"><span>fator de atrito de Darcy<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0(sem unidade)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>L = comprimento do tubo (m)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>D =\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Di\u00e2metro hidr\u00e1ulico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/internal-flow\/hydraulic-diameter-2\/\"><span>di\u00e2metro hidr\u00e1ulico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0do tubo D (m)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>g = constante gravitacional (m \/ s\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>V = velocidade m\u00e9dia do fluxo V (m \/ s)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>___________<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Resumo:<\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><span>A perda de carga do sistema hidr\u00e1ulico \u00e9 dividida em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>duas categorias principais<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Perda de Cabe\u00e7a Maior<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; devido ao atrito em tubos retos<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Menor perda de carga<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8211; devido a componentes como v\u00e1lvulas, curvas\u2026<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong><span>A equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser usada para calcular\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>grandes perdas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>O\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fator de atrito<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para o fluxo de fluido pode ser determinado usando um\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Moody Diagram\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/moody-diagram\/\"><strong><span>gr\u00e1fico Moody<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-14429 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"Moody chart-min\" width=\"300\" height=\"188\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min-300x188.jpg\" \/><\/a><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>O fator de atrito<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0para o fluxo laminar \u00e9\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>independente da rugosidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da superf\u00edcie interna do tubo.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>f = 64 \/ Re<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>O fator de atrito<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0para escoamento turbulento depende fortemente da\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"Rugosidade relativa do tubo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/relative-roughness-of-pipe\/\"><span>rugosidade relativa<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00c9 determinado pela\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fator de atrito para escoamento turbulento - Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Colebrook\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/friction-factor-turbulent-flow-colebrook\/\"><span>equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Colebrook<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Deve-se notar que,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>em n\u00fameros muito grandes de Reynolds<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, o fator de atrito \u00e9 independente do n\u00famero de Reynolds.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span>Por que a perda de cabe\u00e7a \u00e9 muito importante?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Como pode ser visto na figura, a perda de carga \u00e9 a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>principal caracter\u00edstica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de qualquer sistema hidr\u00e1ulico.\u00a0Nos sistemas em que uma certa vaz\u00e3o deve ser mantida (por exemplo, para fornecer refrigera\u00e7\u00e3o ou transfer\u00eancia de calor suficiente a partir do\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"N\u00facleo do reator\" href=\"https:\/\/www.reactor-physics.com\/what-is-reactor-core-definition\/\"><span>n\u00facleo do reator<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0),\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>o equil\u00edbrio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de carga<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e da\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>carga adicionada<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0por uma bomba determina a vaz\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s do sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14299\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14299\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14299 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H-300x207.png\" alt=\"Diagrama caracter\u00edstico de QH da bomba centr\u00edfuga e do gasoduto\" width=\"300\" height=\"207\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H-300x207.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14299\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagrama caracter\u00edstico de QH da bomba centr\u00edfuga e do gasoduto<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<p><span>A avalia\u00e7\u00e3o da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Darcy-Weisbach<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0fornece informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os fatores que afetam a perda de carga em um oleoduto.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Considere que o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>comprimento do tubo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ou canal \u00e9\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dobrado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de carga de atrito<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0resultante\u00a0<strong>dobrar\u00e1<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Em vaz\u00e3o constante e comprimento do tubo, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de carga \u00e9 inversamente proporcional \u00e0 quarta pot\u00eancia de di\u00e2metro<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(para fluxo laminar) e, assim, reduzir o di\u00e2metro do tubo pela metade aumenta a perda de carga em um fator de 16. Isso \u00e9 um aumento muito significativo na perda de carga e mostra por que tubos de di\u00e2metro maior levam a requisitos de energia de bombeamento muito menores.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Como a perda de carga \u00e9 aproximadamente proporcional ao quadrado da vaz\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o se a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>vaz\u00e3o for duplicada<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de carga aumentar\u00e1 em um fator de quatro<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de carga \u00e9 reduzida pela metade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(para fluxo laminar) quando a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>viscosidade do fluido \u00e9 reduzida pela metade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14429\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14429\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-large wp-image-14429 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min-1024x642.jpg\" alt=\"Fonte: Donebythesecondlaw no idioma ingl\u00eas Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=4681366\" width=\"669\" height=\"419\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Moody-chart-min-1024x642.jpg\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14429\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Fonte: Donebythesecondlaw no idioma ingl\u00eas Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0,<\/span><br \/>\n<span>https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/w\/index.php?curid=4681366<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Com exce\u00e7\u00e3o do\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fator de atrito de Darcy<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, cada um desses termos (velocidade do fluxo,\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Di\u00e2metro hidr\u00e1ulico\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/internal-flow\/hydraulic-diameter-2\/\"><span>di\u00e2metro hidr\u00e1ulico<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, comprimento de um tubo) pode ser facilmente medido.\u00a0O fator de atrito de Darcy leva em considera\u00e7\u00e3o as propriedades de densidade e viscosidade do fluido, al\u00e9m da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>rugosidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>tubo<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Esse fator pode ser avaliado pelo uso de v\u00e1rias rela\u00e7\u00f5es emp\u00edricas ou pode ser lido em gr\u00e1ficos publicados (por exemplo,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>gr\u00e1fico Moody<\/span><\/strong><span> ).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first\">\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A perda de press\u00e3o no tubo ou a perda de atrito no tubo \u00e9 aproximadamente proporcional ao quadrado da taxa de fluxo na maioria dos fluxos de engenharia. Perda de press\u00e3o no tubo Perda de press\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Perda de fric\u00e7\u00e3o A perda de press\u00e3o no tubo, que est\u00e1 associada \u00e0\u00a0perda de energia de &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 perda de press\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Perda de fric\u00e7\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-perda-de-pressao-no-tubo-perda-de-friccao-no-tubo-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 perda de press\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Perda de fric\u00e7\u00e3o no tubo &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 perda de press\u00e3o no tubo - Perda de fric\u00e7\u00e3o no tubo - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A perda de press\u00e3o no tubo ou a perda de atrito no tubo \u00e9 aproximadamente proporcional ao quadrado da taxa de fluxo na maioria dos fluxos de engenharia. 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