{"id":49201,"date":"2019-11-14T23:24:02","date_gmt":"2019-11-14T22:24:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-a-lei-de-conservacao-da-materia-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-03-03T08:52:26","modified_gmt":"2020-03-03T07:52:26","slug":"o-que-e-a-lei-de-conservacao-da-materia-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-lei-de-conservacao-da-materia-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 a Lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa \/ massa.\u00a0A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa ou o princ\u00edpio da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o em massa afirma que a massa n\u00e3o pode ser criada nem destru\u00edda.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>A Lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa &#8211; Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Massa<\/h2>\n<p><strong>A lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0ou o princ\u00edpio da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa afirma que a massa de um objeto ou cole\u00e7\u00e3o de objetos nunca muda ao longo do tempo, n\u00e3o importa como as partes constituintes se reorganizem.<\/p>\n<p>A massa n\u00e3o pode ser criada nem destru\u00edda.<\/p>\n<p>A lei exige que, durante qualquer\u00a0<a title=\"Rea\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/nuclear-reactions\/\"><strong>rea\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0,\u00a0<strong><a title=\"Decaimento radioativo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/radioactive-decay\/\">decaimento radioativo<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0ou\u00a0<strong>rea\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica<\/strong>\u00a0em um sistema isolado, a\u00a0<strong>massa<\/strong>\u00a0total\u00a0<strong>dos reagentes<\/strong>\u00a0ou materiais de partida seja igual \u00e0\u00a0<strong>massa dos produtos<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">O conceito de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de massa \u00e9 amplamente utilizado em muitos campos, como\u00a0<strong>qu\u00edmica, mec\u00e2nica e din\u00e2mica de fluidos<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Em qu\u00edmica, a lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa pode ser explicada da seguinte maneira (veja a figura da combust\u00e3o do metano).\u00a0As massas de um\u00a0<strong>metano<\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>oxig\u00eanio\u00a0<\/strong><strong>juntas<\/strong>\u00a0devem ser iguais \u00e0s\u00a0<strong>massas de di\u00f3xido de carbono e \u00e1gua<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Em outras palavras, durante uma rea\u00e7\u00e3o qu\u00edmica,\u00a0<strong>tudo o que voc\u00ea come\u00e7a deve terminar<\/strong>\u00a0, mas pode parecer diferente.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-youtube su-responsive-media-yes\"><iframe class=\"lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2S6e11NBwiw?\" width=\"300\" height=\"175\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-lazy-type=\"iframe\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2S6e11NBwiw?\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Law-of-Conservation-of-Matter.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14132 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Law-of-Conservation-of-Matter.png\" alt=\"Lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa\" width=\"768\" height=\"245\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Law-of-Conservation-of-Matter.png\" \/><\/a>Historicamente, os gregos antigos j\u00e1 propunham a id\u00e9ia de que a\u00a0<strong>quantidade total de mat\u00e9ria<\/strong>\u00a0no universo \u00e9\u00a0<strong>constante<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O princ\u00edpio da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa foi esbo\u00e7ado pela primeira vez por\u00a0<strong>Mikhail Lomonosov<\/strong>\u00a0em 1748. No entanto, a lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa (ou o princ\u00edpio da\u00a0<strong>conserva\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>massa \/ mat\u00e9ria<\/strong>\u00a0) como princ\u00edpio fundamental da f\u00edsica foi descoberta por\u00a0<strong>Antoine Lavoisier<\/strong>\u00a0no final do s\u00e9culo XVIII. .\u00a0Foi de grande import\u00e2ncia no progresso\u00a0<strong>da alquimia para a qu\u00edmica moderna<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Antes dessa descoberta, havia perguntas como:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Por que um peda\u00e7o de madeira pesa menos ap\u00f3s a queima?<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Uma quest\u00e3o ou parte dela pode desaparecer?<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>No caso da madeira queimada, o problema era a medi\u00e7\u00e3o do peso dos\u00a0<strong>gases liberados<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0As medi\u00e7\u00f5es do peso dos gases liberados eram complicadas, devido ao\u00a0<strong>efeito<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>flutuabilidade<\/strong> da atmosfera da Terra no peso dos gases. Uma vez entendida, a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa era de import\u00e2ncia crucial no progresso da alquimia para a moderna ci\u00eancia natural da qu\u00edmica.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>A Lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa na Teoria da Relatividade Especial<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>No in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX, a no\u00e7\u00e3o de massa passou por uma revis\u00e3o radical.\u00a0A massa perdeu seu\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>car\u00e1ter absoluto<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Um dos resultados impressionantes\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>da teoria da relatividade de Einstein<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>massa e energia s\u00e3o equivalentes e convers\u00edveis<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0entre si.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A equival\u00eancia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0entre massa e energia \u00e9 descrita pela famosa f\u00f3rmula de Einstein\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"E = mc2 Significado\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/nuclear-energy\/emc2-meaning\/\"><span>E = mc\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Em palavras,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 igual a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>massa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0multiplicada pela\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>velocidade da luz ao quadrado<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0Como a velocidade da luz \u00e9 um n\u00famero muito grande, a f\u00f3rmula implica que qualquer pequena quantidade de mat\u00e9ria contenha uma quantidade muito grande de energia.\u00a0A massa de um objeto era considerada equivalente \u00e0 energia, interconvers\u00edvel com energia e aumentando significativamente a velocidades extremamente altas, pr\u00f3ximas \u00e0 da luz.\u00a0A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>energia total<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de um objeto foi entendida como compreendendo sua\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>massa em repouso<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, bem como seu\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumento de massa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0causado pelo\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumento na energia cin\u00e9tica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Na teoria especial da relatividade,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0certos tipos de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>mat\u00e9ria podem ser criados ou destru\u00eddos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, mas em todos esses processos, a massa e a energia associadas a essa mat\u00e9ria\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>permanecem inalteradas em quantidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Constatou-se que a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>massa restante de um n\u00facleo at\u00f4mico \u00e9 mensur\u00e1vel menor que a soma das massas restantes de seus pr\u00f3tons, n\u00eautrons e el\u00e9trons constituintes<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A massa n\u00e3o era mais considerada imut\u00e1vel no sistema fechado.\u00a0A diferen\u00e7a \u00e9 uma medida da\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Energia de liga\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/binding-energy\/nuclear-binding-energy\/\"><span>energia de liga\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0que mant\u00e9m o n\u00facleo unido.\u00a0De acordo com a rela\u00e7\u00e3o de Einstein (\u00a0<\/span><strong><a title=\"E = mc2 Significado\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/nuclear-energy\/emc2-meaning\/\"><span>E = mc\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>2<\/span><\/sup><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0), esta energia de liga\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 proporcional a essa diferen\u00e7a de massa e \u00e9 conhecida como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>defeito de massa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_237\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-237\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nuclear_binding_energy.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-237 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nuclear_binding_energy.gif\" alt=\"Curva de energia de liga\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear.\" width=\"300\" height=\"195\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/nuclear_binding_energy.gif\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-237\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Curva de energia de liga\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Fonte: hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Durante a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fic\u00e3o nuclear\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/fission\/\"><strong><span>divis\u00e3o nuclear<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0ou\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fus\u00e3o nuclear\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/nuclear-fusion\/\"><strong><span>a fus\u00e3o nuclear<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0, parte da massa do n\u00facleo \u00e9 convertida em enormes quantidades de energia e, portanto, essa massa \u00e9 removida da massa total das part\u00edculas originais e a massa est\u00e1 ausente no n\u00facleo resultante.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>As energias de liga\u00e7\u00e3o nuclear<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0s\u00e3o enormes, s\u00e3o da ordem de um milh\u00e3o de vezes maiores que as energias de liga\u00e7\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons dos \u00e1tomos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Geralmente, nas\u00a0<a title=\"Rea\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/nuclear-reactions\/\"><strong>rea\u00e7\u00f5es<\/strong><\/a><\/span><strong><span>\u00a0qu\u00edmicas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Rea\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/nuclear-reactions\/\"><strong><span>nucleares<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0, ocorre alguma convers\u00e3o entre massa e energia em repouso, de modo que os produtos geralmente t\u00eam massa menor ou maior que os reagentes.\u00a0Portanto, o novo princ\u00edpio de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de energia em massa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Vide tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Libera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia da fiss\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/fission\/energy-release-from-fission\/\"><span>Libera\u00e7\u00e3o de energia da fiss\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Mass-Defect-Uranium.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14133 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Mass-Defect-Uranium.png\" alt=\"Defeito em massa\" width=\"575\" height=\"103\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Mass-Defect-Uranium.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa na din\u00e2mica de fluidos<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\"><span>A massa n\u00e3o pode ser criada nem destru\u00edda.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14213\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14213\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Continuity-Equation-Definition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14213 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Continuity-Equation-Definition-300x148.png\" alt=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Continuidade - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"300\" height=\"148\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Continuity-Equation-Definition-300x148.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14213\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Continuidade &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Esse princ\u00edpio \u00e9 geralmente conhecido como o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>princ\u00edpio de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e afirma que a massa de um objeto ou cole\u00e7\u00e3o de objetos nunca muda com o tempo, n\u00e3o importa como as partes constituintes se reorganizem.\u00a0Este princ\u00edpio pode ser usado na an\u00e1lise de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fluidos fluidos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de massa na\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Din\u00e2mica de Fluidos\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/\"><strong><span>din\u00e2mica de fluidos<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0afirma que todas\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>as taxas de fluxo de massa em<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0um volume de controle s\u00e3o iguais a todas\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>as taxas de fluxo de massa fora<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do volume de controle mais a taxa de mudan\u00e7a de massa dentro do volume de controle.\u00a0Este princ\u00edpio \u00e9 expresso matematicamente pela seguinte equa\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u1e41\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>in<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= \u1e41\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>fora<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0+\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>\u2206m<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0\u2044\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>\u2206t<\/span><\/sub><\/p>\n<p><span>Entrada de massa por unidade de tempo = Partida de massa por unidade de tempo + Aumento de massa no volume de controle por unidade de tempo<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14206\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14206\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Continuity-Equation-Flow-Rate-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14206 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Continuity-Equation-Flow-Rate-min-300x300.png\" alt=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade - vaz\u00f5es atrav\u00e9s do reator\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Continuity-Equation-Flow-Rate-min-300x300.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14206\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Exemplo de vaz\u00f5es em um reator.\u00a0\u00c9 um exemplo ilustrativo, os dados n\u00e3o representam nenhum projeto de reator.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Esta equa\u00e7\u00e3o descreve o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fluxo no estado estacion\u00e1rio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0O fluxo no estado estacion\u00e1rio refere-se \u00e0 condi\u00e7\u00e3o em que as propriedades do fluido em qualquer ponto \u00fanico do sistema podem mudar com o tempo.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>O fluxo no estado estacion\u00e1rio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0refere-se \u00e0 condi\u00e7\u00e3o em que as propriedades do fluido (\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temperatura, press\u00e3o e velocidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) em qualquer ponto do sistema\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n\u00e3o mudam ao longo do tempo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Mas uma das propriedades mais significativas que \u00e9 constante em um sistema de fluxo em estado estacion\u00e1rio \u00e9 a taxa de fluxo de massa do sistema.\u00a0Isso significa que n\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>h\u00e1 ac\u00famulo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de massa em nenhum componente do sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Vide tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-equacao-de-continuidade-definicao\/\"><span>Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>A\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-equacao-de-continuidade-definicao\/\"><span>equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade<\/span><\/a><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 simplesmente uma express\u00e3o matem\u00e1tica do princ\u00edpio de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de massa.\u00a0Para um volume de controle que possui uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00fanica entrada<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>\u00fanica sa\u00edda<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, o princ\u00edpio de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de massa afirma que, para o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fluxo em estado estacion\u00e1rio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, a taxa de fluxo de massa no volume deve ser igual \u00e0 taxa de fluxo de massa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>\u1e41\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>dentro<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0= \u1e41\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>fora<\/span><\/sub><\/p>\n<p><span>Entrada de massa por unidade de tempo = Sa\u00edda de massa por unidade de tempo<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Essa equa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 chamada de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>equa\u00e7\u00e3o de continuidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para fluxo unidimensional constante.\u00a0Para um fluxo constante atrav\u00e9s de um volume de controle com muitas entradas e sa\u00eddas, o fluxo de massa l\u00edquido deve ser zero, onde as entradas s\u00e3o negativas e as sa\u00eddas s\u00e3o positivas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Este princ\u00edpio pode ser aplicado a um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>tubo de fluxo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0como o mostrado acima.\u00a0Nenhum fluido flui atrav\u00e9s do limite feito pelas\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>linhas de corrente, de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0modo que a massa s\u00f3 entra e sai pelas duas extremidades desta se\u00e7\u00e3o do tubo de corrente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Quando um fluido est\u00e1 em movimento, ele deve se mover de maneira que a massa seja conservada.\u00a0Para ver como a conserva\u00e7\u00e3o de massa imp\u00f5e restri\u00e7\u00f5es no campo de velocidade, considere o fluxo constante de fluido atrav\u00e9s de um duto (ou seja, os fluxos de entrada e sa\u00edda n\u00e3o variam com o tempo).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Forma Diferencial da Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Continuidade<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Uma equa\u00e7\u00e3o geral de continuidade tamb\u00e9m pode ser escrita de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>forma diferencial<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><sup><span>+<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0\u2044\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>\u2202t<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0+ \u2207.\u00a0(\u2374 \u035ev) = \u03c3<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Onde<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>\u2207\u00a0\u00e9 diverg\u00eancia,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>\u03c1 \u00e9 a densidade da quantidade q,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>\u035e \u035ev \u00e9 o fluxo da quantidade q,<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>\u03c3 \u00e9 a gera\u00e7\u00e3o de q por unidade de volume por unidade de tempo.\u00a0Os termos que geram (\u03c3&gt; 0) ou removem (\u03c3 &lt;0) q s\u00e3o referidos como &#8220;fontes&#8221; e &#8220;sumidouros&#8221;, respectivamente.\u00a0Se q \u00e9 uma quantidade conservada (como energia), \u03c3 \u00e9 igual a 0.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa \/ massa.\u00a0A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa ou o princ\u00edpio da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o em massa afirma que a massa n\u00e3o pode ser criada nem destru\u00edda.\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica A Lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa &#8211; Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Massa A lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa\u00a0\u00a0ou o princ\u00edpio da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa afirma que &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 a Lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-lei-de-conservacao-da-materia-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 a Lei de conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da massa &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 a Lei de Conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da Mat\u00e9ria - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A lei da conserva\u00e7\u00e3o da mat\u00e9ria \/ massa. 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