{"id":51161,"date":"2020-01-24T13:03:25","date_gmt":"2020-01-24T12:03:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-condutividade-termica-de-solidos-e-metais-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-24T13:04:34","modified_gmt":"2020-01-24T12:04:34","slug":"o-que-e-condutividade-termica-de-solidos-e-metais-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-condutividade-termica-de-solidos-e-metais-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">A condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais pode geralmente ser devida a dois efeitos: a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons livres e ondas vibracionais em treli\u00e7a (f\u00f4nons).\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos<\/h2>\n<p>O transporte de energia t\u00e9rmica em s\u00f3lidos geralmente pode ser devido a dois efeitos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons livres<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>ondas vibracionais em treli\u00e7a (f\u00f4nons)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Quando el\u00e9trons e f\u00f4nons transportam energia t\u00e9rmica, levando \u00e0 transfer\u00eancia de calor por condu\u00e7\u00e3o em um s\u00f3lido, a condutividade t\u00e9rmica pode ser expressa como:<\/p>\n<p>k = k\u00a0<sub>e<\/sub>\u00a0+ k\u00a0<sub>ph<\/sub><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica de metais<\/h2>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-metals-table.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-20066 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-metals-table.png\" alt=\"condutividade t\u00e9rmica - metais\" width=\"210\" height=\"388\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-metals-table.png\" \/><\/a>Os metais<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o s\u00f3lidos e, como tal, possuem estrutura cristalina onde os \u00edons (n\u00facleos com suas camadas circunvizinhas de el\u00e9trons do n\u00facleo) ocupam posi\u00e7\u00f5es equivalentes em termos de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o na rede cristalina.\u00a0<strong>Os metais<\/strong>\u00a0em geral t\u00eam\u00a0<strong>alta condutividade el\u00e9trica<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<strong>alta condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/strong>\u00a0e alta densidade.\u00a0Consequentemente, o transporte de energia t\u00e9rmica pode ser devido a dois efeitos:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de\u00a0<strong>el\u00e9trons livres<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>ondas vibracionais em treli\u00e7a (f\u00f4nons).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><span>Quando el\u00e9trons e f\u00f4nons transportam energia t\u00e9rmica, levando \u00e0 transfer\u00eancia de calor por condu\u00e7\u00e3o em um s\u00f3lido, a condutividade t\u00e9rmica pode ser expressa como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>k = k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>e<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0+ k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>ph<\/span><\/sub><\/p>\n<p><span>A caracter\u00edstica \u00fanica dos metais no que diz respeito \u00e0 sua estrutura \u00e9 a presen\u00e7a de portadores de carga, especificamente\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>el\u00e9trons<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As condutividades el\u00e9tricas e t\u00e9rmicas dos metais se\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>originam do<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0fato de seus\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>el\u00e9trons externos serem deslocalizados<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Sua contribui\u00e7\u00e3o para a condutividade t\u00e9rmica \u00e9 chamada de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>condutividade t\u00e9rmica eletr\u00f4nica, k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>e<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0De fato, em metais puros como ouro, prata, cobre e alum\u00ednio, a corrente de calor associada ao fluxo de el\u00e9trons excede em muito uma pequena contribui\u00e7\u00e3o devido ao fluxo de f\u00f4nons.\u00a0Por outro lado, para as ligas, a contribui\u00e7\u00e3o de k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>ph<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0para k n\u00e3o \u00e9 mais desprez\u00edvel.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica de n\u00e3o metais<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-building-materials-table.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-20065 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-building-materials-table.png\" alt=\"condutividade t\u00e9rmica - materiais de constru\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"182\" height=\"275\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-building-materials-table.png\" \/><\/a><span>Para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>s\u00f3lidos n\u00e3o met\u00e1licos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>k<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 determinado principalmente por\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>ph<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0, que aumenta \u00e0 medida que a frequ\u00eancia das intera\u00e7\u00f5es entre os \u00e1tomos e a rede diminui.\u00a0De fato, a condu\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica em rede \u00e9 o mecanismo dominante de condu\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica em n\u00e3o-metais, se n\u00e3o o \u00fanico.\u00a0Nos s\u00f3lidos, os \u00e1tomos vibram sobre suas posi\u00e7\u00f5es de equil\u00edbrio (estrutura cristalina).\u00a0As vibra\u00e7\u00f5es dos \u00e1tomos n\u00e3o s\u00e3o independentes uma da outra, mas s\u00e3o fortemente acopladas aos \u00e1tomos vizinhos.\u00a0A regularidade do arranjo de treli\u00e7a tem um efeito importante no\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>ph<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0, com materiais cristalinos (bem ordenados) como o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>quartzo<\/span><\/strong><span>tendo uma condutividade t\u00e9rmica mais alta que os materiais amorfos como o vidro.\u00a0A temperaturas suficientemente altas k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>ph<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0\u221d 1 \/ T.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-solids-and-other-table.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-20062 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-solids-and-other-table.png\" alt=\"condutividade t\u00e9rmica - s\u00f3lidos\" width=\"247\" height=\"317\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-solids-and-other-table.png\" \/><\/a><span>Os\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>quanta<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do campo vibrat\u00f3rio do cristal s\u00e3o chamados de &#8221;\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fonons<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0&#8221;\u00a0. Um fonon \u00e9 uma excita\u00e7\u00e3o coletiva em um arranjo el\u00e1stico peri\u00f3dico de \u00e1tomos ou mol\u00e9culas na mat\u00e9ria condensada, como s\u00f3lidos e alguns l\u00edquidos.\u00a0Os f\u00f4nons desempenham um papel importante em muitas das propriedades f\u00edsicas da mat\u00e9ria condensada, como condutividade t\u00e9rmica e condutividade el\u00e9trica.\u00a0De fato, para s\u00f3lidos cristalinos e n\u00e3o met\u00e1licos como diamante, o k\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>ph<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0pode ser bastante grande, excedendo os valores de k associados a bons condutores, como o alum\u00ednio.\u00a0Em particular, o diamante tem a mais alta dureza e condutividade t\u00e9rmica (k = 1000 W \/ mK) de qualquer material a granel.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica do di\u00f3xido de ur\u00e2nio<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-conduction-thermal-conductivity-uranium-dioxide.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-20048 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-conduction-thermal-conductivity-uranium-dioxide-300x288.png\" alt=\"Condu\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica - condutividade t\u00e9rmica - di\u00f3xido de ur\u00e2nio\" width=\"300\" height=\"288\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-conduction-thermal-conductivity-uranium-dioxide-300x288.png\" \/><\/a><span>A maioria dos\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"PWR - Reator de \u00e1gua pressurizada\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/pwr-pressurized-water-reactor\/\"><span>PWRs<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0usa o\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Ur\u00e2nio\" href=\"https:\/\/www.periodic-table.org\/uranium-periodic-table\/\"><strong><span>combust\u00edvel de ur\u00e2nio<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0, que est\u00e1 na forma de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>di\u00f3xido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>ur\u00e2nio<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O di\u00f3xido de ur\u00e2nio \u00e9 um s\u00f3lido semicondutor preto com\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>condutividade t\u00e9rmica muito baixa<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Por outro lado, o di\u00f3xido de ur\u00e2nio tem\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>um ponto de fus\u00e3o muito alto<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e um comportamento\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bem conhecido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0O UO2 \u00e9 prensado em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>pastilhas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, essas pastilhas s\u00e3o ent\u00e3o sinterizadas no s\u00f3lido.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Esses\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>pellets<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0s\u00e3o ent\u00e3o carregados e encapsulados dentro de uma barra de combust\u00edvel (ou pino de combust\u00edvel), feita de ligas de zirc\u00f4nio devido \u00e0 sua\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/neutron-cross-section\/\"><span>se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal de<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0absor\u00e7\u00e3o muito baixa\u00a0(ao contr\u00e1rio do a\u00e7o inoxid\u00e1vel).\u00a0A superf\u00edcie do tubo, que cobre os pellets, \u00e9 chamada de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>revestimento de combust\u00edvel<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As hastes de combust\u00edvel s\u00e3o o elemento base de um conjunto de combust\u00edvel.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>di\u00f3xido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>ur\u00e2nio<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 muito baixa quando comparada ao material de revestimento de ur\u00e2nio met\u00e1lico, nitreto de ur\u00e2nio, carboneto de ur\u00e2nio e zirc\u00f4nio.\u00a0A condutividade t\u00e9rmica \u00e9 um dos par\u00e2metros que determinam a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temperatura da linha central<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>combust\u00edvel<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Essa baixa condutividade t\u00e9rmica pode resultar em superaquecimento localizado na linha central do combust\u00edvel e, portanto, esse superaquecimento deve ser evitado.\u00a0O superaquecimento do combust\u00edvel \u00e9 evitado atrav\u00e9s da manuten\u00e7\u00e3o da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>taxa de calor linear de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pico no estado estacion\u00e1rio\u00a0(LHR) ou do\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Fator de canal quente de fluxo de calor - FQ (z)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/reactor-operation\/normal-operation-reactor-control\/heat-flux-hot-channel-factor-fqz\/\"><span>fator de canal quente do fluxo de calor &#8211; F\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>Q<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0(z)<\/span><\/a><span>abaixo do n\u00edvel em que ocorre a fus\u00e3o da linha central do combust\u00edvel.\u00a0A expans\u00e3o do granulado de combust\u00edvel ap\u00f3s a fus\u00e3o da linha central pode fazer com que o granulado estresse o revestimento ao ponto de falha.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>A condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da UO\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>2<\/span><\/sub><span>\u00a0s\u00f3lida\u00a0com uma densidade de 95% \u00e9 estimada seguindo a correla\u00e7\u00e3o [Klimenko;\u00a0Zorin]:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-of-uranium-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20053 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-of-uranium-equation.png\" alt=\"condutividade t\u00e9rmica do ur\u00e2nio - equa\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"504\" height=\"60\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-of-uranium-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>onde \u03c4 = T \/ 1000.\u00a0A incerteza dessa correla\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de + 10% na faixa de 298,15 a 2000 K e de 20% na faixa de 2000 a 3120 K.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-Conductivity-Uranium-Dioxide-chart.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20050 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-Conductivity-Uranium-Dioxide-chart.png\" alt=\"Condutividade t\u00e9rmica - Di\u00f3xido de ur\u00e2nio - gr\u00e1fico\" width=\"635\" height=\"428\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-Conductivity-Uranium-Dioxide-chart.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Refer\u00eancia especial: Usinas T\u00e9rmicas e Nucleares \/ Manual ed.\u00a0por AV Klimenko e VM Zorin.\u00a0MEI Press, 2003.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Refer\u00eancia especial: Propriedades termof\u00edsicas de materiais para engenharia nuclear: um tutorial e coleta de dados.\u00a0IAEA-THPH, IAEA, Viena, 2008. ISBN 978\u201392\u20130\u2013106508\u20137.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica de zirc\u00f4nio<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-conduction-thermal-conductivity-zirconium.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-20049 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-conduction-thermal-conductivity-zirconium.png\" alt=\"Condu\u00e7\u00e3o t\u00e9rmica - condutividade t\u00e9rmica - zirc\u00f4nio\" width=\"626\" height=\"606\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Thermal-conduction-thermal-conductivity-zirconium.png\" \/><\/a><span>O zirc\u00f4nio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 um metal de transi\u00e7\u00e3o brilhante, branco-acinzentado e forte que se assemelha ao h\u00e1fnio e, em menor grau, ao tit\u00e2nio.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>O zirc\u00f4nio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 usado principalmente como refrat\u00e1rio e opacificante, embora pequenas quantidades sejam usadas como agente de liga por sua forte resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o.\u00a0A liga de zirc\u00f4nio (por exemplo, Zr + 1% Nb) \u00e9 amplamente utilizada como revestimento para combust\u00edveis de reatores nucleares.\u00a0As propriedades desejadas dessas ligas s\u00e3o uma se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal de captura de n\u00eautrons baixa e resist\u00eancia \u00e0 corros\u00e3o em condi\u00e7\u00f5es normais de servi\u00e7o.\u00a0As ligas de zirc\u00f4nio t\u00eam menor condutividade t\u00e9rmica (cerca de 18 W \/ mK) do que o metal de zirc\u00f4nio puro (cerca de 22 W \/ mK).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Refer\u00eancia especial: Propriedades termof\u00edsicas de materiais para engenharia nuclear: um tutorial e coleta de dados.\u00a0IAEA-THPH, IAEA, Viena, 2008. ISBN 978\u201392\u20130\u2013106508\u20137.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais pode geralmente ser devida a dois efeitos: a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons livres e ondas vibracionais em treli\u00e7a (f\u00f4nons).\u00a0Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos O transporte de energia t\u00e9rmica em s\u00f3lidos geralmente pode ser devido a dois efeitos: a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons livres ondas vibracionais em treli\u00e7a (f\u00f4nons) Quando &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-condutividade-termica-de-solidos-e-metais-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A condutividade t\u00e9rmica de s\u00f3lidos e metais pode geralmente ser devida a dois efeitos: a migra\u00e7\u00e3o de el\u00e9trons livres e ondas vibracionais de treli\u00e7a (f\u00f4nons). 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