{"id":51449,"date":"2020-01-27T13:19:27","date_gmt":"2020-01-27T12:19:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-equacao-ideal-de-gas-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-01-27T13:21:23","modified_gmt":"2020-01-27T12:21:23","slug":"o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-equacao-ideal-de-gas-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-equacao-ideal-de-gas-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 o Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s. O processo isob\u00e1rico pode ser expresso com a lei ideal dos gases como: V \/ T = constante. Engenharia T\u00e9rmica<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 o g\u00e1s ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>O que \u00e9 um g\u00e1s ideal<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17427\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17427\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17427 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work.png\" alt=\"processo isob\u00e1rico - trabalho - diagrama de pV\" width=\"296\" height=\"234\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17427\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Em um diagrama de pV, o processo ocorre ao longo de uma linha horizontal (chamada isobar) que possui a equa\u00e7\u00e3o p = constante.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Vamos assumir uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>adi\u00e7\u00e3o isob\u00e1rica de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0em um g\u00e1s ideal.\u00a0Num\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 o g\u00e1s ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/what-is-ideal-gas\/\"><span>g\u00e1s ideal<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, as mol\u00e9culas n\u00e3o t\u00eam volume e n\u00e3o interagem.\u00a0De acordo com a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Lei do g\u00e1s ideal\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/\"><span>lei ideal dos gases<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 press\u00e3o - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-pressure-physics\/\"><span>press\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0varia linearmente com a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 temperatura - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-temperatura-fisica-definicao\/\"><span>temperatura<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0e a quantidade e inversamente com o\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"O que \u00e9 volume - F\u00edsica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-volume-physics\/\"><span>volume<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>pV = nRT<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Onde:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span>p<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a press\u00e3o absoluta do g\u00e1s<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>n<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a quantidade de subst\u00e2ncia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>T<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a temperatura absoluta<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>V<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 o volume<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>R<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00e9 a constante de g\u00e1s ideal, ou universal, igual ao produto da constante de Boltzmann e da constante de Avogadro,<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Nesta equa\u00e7\u00e3o, o s\u00edmbolo R \u00e9 uma constante chamada constante\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>universal de g\u00e1s<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que tem o mesmo valor para todos os gases &#8211; ou seja, R = 8,31 J \/ mol K.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O processo isob\u00e1rico pode ser expresso com a lei do g\u00e1s ideal como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-2.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17430 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-2.png\" alt=\"processo isob\u00e1rico - equa\u00e7\u00e3o - 2\" width=\"134\" height=\"63\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-2.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>ou<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-3.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17431 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-3.png\" alt=\"processo isob\u00e1rico - equa\u00e7\u00e3o - 3\" width=\"77\" height=\"67\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-equation-3.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Em um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diagrama de pV<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, o processo ocorre ao longo de uma linha horizontal (chamada isobar) que possui a equa\u00e7\u00e3o p = constante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>O trabalho de volume de press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pelo sistema fechado \u00e9 definido como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17436 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png\" alt=\"trabalho pV - processo isob\u00e1rico\" width=\"157\" height=\"99\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pV-work-isobaric-process.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Assumindo que a quantidade de g\u00e1s ideal permane\u00e7a constante e aplicando a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>lei do g\u00e1s ideal<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, isso se torna<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-17428 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work-equation.png\" alt=\"processo isob\u00e1rico - equa\u00e7\u00e3o de trabalho\" width=\"313\" height=\"45\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/isobaric-process-work-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>De acordo com o modelo de g\u00e1s ideal, a\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-energia-interna-energia-termica-definicao\/\"><span>energia interna<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0pode ser calculada por:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>\u2206U = mc\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><em><span>\u00a0\u2206T<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>onde a propriedade\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>c\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0(J \/ mol K)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 referida como\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Capacidade t\u00e9rmica - Capacidade t\u00e9rmica espec\u00edfica\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/laws-of-thermodynamics\/first-law-of-thermodynamics\/heat-capacity\/\"><strong><span>calor espec\u00edfico<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0(ou\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>capacidade de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) a um volume constante porque, sob certas condi\u00e7\u00f5es especiais (volume constante), relaciona a mudan\u00e7a de temperatura de um sistema \u00e0 quantidade de energia adicionada por transfer\u00eancia de calor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Somando essas equa\u00e7\u00f5es, obtemos a equa\u00e7\u00e3o para o calor:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Q = \u00a0\u00a0<\/span><em><span>mc\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><em><span>\u00a0\u2206T + mR\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><span>\u2206T = m (c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><em><span>\u00a0+ R) \u2206T = m c\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/em><em><span>\u00a0\u2206T<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>onde a propriedade\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>c\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><strong><span>\u00a0(J \/ mol K)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 referido como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>calor espec\u00edfico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(ou\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>capacidade de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) a uma press\u00e3o constante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Calor espec\u00edfico a volume constante e press\u00e3o constante\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/specific-heat-constant-volume-pressure\/\"><span>Calor espec\u00edfico a volume constante e press\u00e3o constante<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Rela\u00e7\u00e3o de Mayer - f\u00f3rmula de Mayer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/thermodynamics\/ideal-gas-law\/mayers-relation-mayers-formula\/\"><span>F\u00f3rmula de Mayer<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-50 lgc-tablet-grid-50 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_17426\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17426\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17426 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\" alt=\"Processo isob\u00e1rico - principais caracter\u00edsticas\" width=\"381\" height=\"717\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Isobaric-process-main-characteristics.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17426\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Processo isob\u00e1rico &#8211; principais caracter\u00edsticas<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17320\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17320\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-17320 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" alt=\"A lei de Charles \u00e9 uma das leis de g\u00e1s.\" width=\"533\" height=\"403\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Charles-Law.gif\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17320\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Para uma massa fixa de g\u00e1s a press\u00e3o constante, o volume \u00e9 diretamente proporcional \u00e0 temperatura Kelvin.\u00a0Fonte: grc.nasa.gov A pol\u00edtica de direitos autorais da NASA afirma que \u201co material da NASA n\u00e3o \u00e9 protegido por direitos autorais, a menos que seja observado\u201d.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Lei de Charles<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>A lei de Charles<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 uma das leis de g\u00e1s.\u00a0No final do s\u00e9culo XVIII, o inventor e cientista franc\u00eas\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Jacques Alexandre C\u00e9sar Charles<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0estudou a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>volume<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>temperatura<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de um g\u00e1s\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>sob press\u00e3o constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Os resultados de certas experi\u00eancias com gases sob press\u00e3o relativamente baixa levaram Jacques Alexandre C\u00e9sar Charles a formular uma lei bem conhecida.\u00a0Afirma que:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>Para uma massa fixa de g\u00e1s a press\u00e3o constante, o volume \u00e9 diretamente proporcional \u00e0 temperatura Kelvin.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span>Isso significa que, por exemplo, se voc\u00ea dobrar a temperatura, dobrar\u00e1 o volume.\u00a0Se voc\u00ea reduzir pela metade a temperatura, reduzir\u00e1 pela metade o volume.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Voc\u00ea pode expressar isso matematicamente como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>V = constante.\u00a0T<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>Sim, parece ser id\u00eantico ao\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>processo isob\u00e1rico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do g\u00e1s ideal.\u00a0Esses resultados s\u00e3o totalmente consistentes com\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>a lei ideal dos gases<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, que determina que a constante \u00e9 igual a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>nR \/ p<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Se voc\u00ea reorganizar a equa\u00e7\u00e3o pV = nRT dividindo os dois lados por p, obter\u00e1:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span>V = nR \/ p.\u00a0T<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span>onde nR \/ p \u00e9 constante e:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><span>p<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a press\u00e3o absoluta do g\u00e1s<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>n<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a quantidade de subst\u00e2ncia<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>T<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a temperatura absoluta<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>V<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00e9 o volume<\/span><\/li>\n<li><em><span>R<\/span><\/em><span>\u00a0\u00a0\u00e9 a constante de g\u00e1s ideal, ou universal, igual ao produto da constante de Boltzmann e da constante de Avogadro,<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Nesta equa\u00e7\u00e3o, o s\u00edmbolo R \u00e9 uma constante chamada constante universal de g\u00e1s que tem o mesmo valor para todos os gases &#8211; ou seja, R = 8,31 J \/ mol K.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s. O processo isob\u00e1rico pode ser expresso com a lei ideal dos gases como: V \/ T = constante. Engenharia T\u00e9rmica Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0O que \u00e9 um g\u00e1s ideal Em um diagrama de pV, o processo ocorre ao longo de uma linha horizontal &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 o Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-o-processo-isobarico-equacao-ideal-de-gas-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 o Processo Isob\u00e1rico &#8211; Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s &#8211; Defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 o Processo Isob\u00e1rico - Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s - Defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Processo Isob\u00e1rico - Equa\u00e7\u00e3o Ideal de G\u00e1s. 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