{"id":51859,"date":"2020-02-01T09:56:34","date_gmt":"2020-02-01T08:56:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/"},"modified":"2020-02-01T10:00:32","modified_gmt":"2020-02-01T09:00:32","slug":"o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 bomba centr\u00edfuga &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\">\n<div class=\"su-quote-inner su-clearfix\">Bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o dispositivos usados \u200b\u200bpara transportar fluidos pela convers\u00e3o de energia cin\u00e9tica rotacional em energia hidrodin\u00e2mica.\u00a0Bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><strong>As bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o dispositivos que s\u00e3o usados para fluidos de transporte pela\u00a0<strong>convers\u00e3o da energia cin\u00e9tica de rota\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0para a\u00a0<strong>energia hidrodinico<\/strong>\u00a0do fluxo de fluido.\u00a0A energia rotacional normalmente vem de um\u00a0<strong>motor el\u00e9trico<\/strong>\u00a0ou\u00a0<strong>turbina a vapor<\/strong>\u00a0(no caso de bombas de \u00e1gua de alimenta\u00e7\u00e3o acionadas por turbina).\u00a0As bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o usadas em mais aplica\u00e7\u00f5es industriais do que qualquer outro tipo de bomba.\u00a0A bomba centr\u00edfuga mais comum \u00e9 a bomba de voluta.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-youtube su-responsive-media-yes\"><iframe class=\"lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BaEHVpKc-1Q?\" width=\"225\" height=\"150\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-lazy-type=\"iframe\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/BaEHVpKc-1Q?\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-60 lgc-tablet-grid-60 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2>Como funciona?<\/h2>\n<p>Na voluta do fluido da bomba entra a bomba axialmente atrav\u00e9s do\u00a0<strong>olhal do impulsor<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<strong>\u00e1rea de baixa press\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0) que gira em alta velocidade.\u00a0\u00c0 medida que o impulsor e as p\u00e1s giram, eles transferem o impulso para o fluido que entra.\u00a0O\u00a0<strong>fluido acelera<\/strong>\u00a0radialmente para fora a partir da persegui\u00e7\u00e3o da bomba e um v\u00e1cuo \u00e9 criado no olho do impulsor, que atrai continuamente mais fluido para a bomba.\u00a0\u00c0 medida que a\u00a0<strong>velocidade do fluido aumenta,<\/strong>\u00a0sua\u00a0<strong>energia cin\u00e9tica aumenta<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0O fluido de alta energia cin\u00e9tica \u00e9 for\u00e7ado a sair da \u00e1rea do impulsor e\u00a0<strong>entra na voluta<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Na voluta, o fluido flui atrav\u00e9s de uma\u00a0<strong>\u00e1rea de se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal<\/strong>\u00a0continuamente\u00a0<strong>crescente<\/strong>\u00a0, onde<strong>a energia cin\u00e9tica \u00e9 convertida em press\u00e3o de fluido<\/strong>\u00a0(de acordo com o\u00a0<a title=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Bernoulli - Princ\u00edpio de Bernoulli\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-equacao-de-bernoulli-principio-de-bernoulli-definicao\/\">princ\u00edpio de Bernoulli<\/a>\u00a0).<\/p>\n<p>As p\u00e1s do impulsor geralmente s\u00e3o curvadas para tr\u00e1s, mas tamb\u00e9m existem projetos de p\u00e1s radiais e curvadas para a frente.\u00a0A press\u00e3o de sa\u00edda muda ligeiramente de acordo com o design usado.\u00a0As l\u00e2minas podem estar\u00a0<strong>abertas ou fechadas<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Al\u00e9m disso, o\u00a0<strong>difusor<\/strong>\u00a0pode ser equipado com palhetas fixas para ajudar a\u00a0<strong>guiar o fluxo em<\/strong>\u00a0dire\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 sa\u00edda.\u00a0A energia transferida para o l\u00edquido corresponde \u00e0 velocidade na borda do impulsor.\u00a0Quanto\u00a0<strong>mais r\u00e1pido o impulsor<\/strong>\u00a0gira ou quanto\u00a0<strong>maior o impulsor<\/strong>\u00a0,\u00a0<strong>maior ser\u00e1 a\u00a0<a title=\"Cabe\u00e7a de velocidade\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/bernoullis-equation-bernoullis-principle\/velocity-head\/\">velocidade<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-40 lgc-tablet-grid-40 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Principles-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14961 aligncenter lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Principles-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-min-293x300.png\" alt=\"Princ\u00edpios das bombas centr\u00edfugas-min\" width=\"293\" height=\"300\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Principles-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-min-293x300.png\" \/><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14953 aligncenter lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min-300x219.png\" alt=\"impulsor e difusor\" width=\"300\" height=\"219\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min-300x219.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Partes principais de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Centrifugal-Pump-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright  wp-image-14948 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Centrifugal-Pump-min.png\" alt=\"Bomba centr\u00edfuga-min\" width=\"370\" height=\"275\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Centrifugal-Pump-min.png\" \/><\/a><span>Cada bomba centr\u00edfuga \u00e9 composta por centenas de pe\u00e7as.\u00a0Existem alguns componentes que praticamente todas as bombas centr\u00edfugas t\u00eam em comum.\u00a0Esses componentes podem ser subdivididos na\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extremidade \u00famida<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e na\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extremidade mec\u00e2nica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extremidade \u00famida<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da bomba inclui as pe\u00e7as que determinam o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>desempenho hidr\u00e1ulico da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As duas extremidades \u00famidas prim\u00e1rias s\u00e3o o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>impulsor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>carca\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Em alguns casos, o primeiro rolamento radial pode ser lubrificado com \u00e1gua.\u00a0Neste caso, tamb\u00e9m a lata de rolamentos pertence a extremidades \u00famidas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extremidade mec\u00e2nica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0inclui as pe\u00e7as que\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>suportam o impulsor dentro da carca\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A extremidade mec\u00e2nica da bomba inclui o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eixo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>veda\u00e7\u00e3o, os rolamentos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>luva do eixo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Esses componentes foram projetados para executar tarefas espec\u00edficas:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-14953 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min-300x219.png\" alt=\"impulsor e difusor\" width=\"300\" height=\"219\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min-300x219.png\" \/><\/a><span>Impulsor.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>O impulsor \u00e9 um rotor usado para aumentar a energia cin\u00e9tica do fluxo.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Embalagem (Voluta).\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>O inv\u00f3lucro cont\u00e9m o l\u00edquido e atua como um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>recipiente de conten\u00e7\u00e3o de press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que direciona o fluxo de l\u00edquido para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dentro<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>para fora<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da bomba centr\u00edfuga.\u00a0A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>voluta<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 um funil curvo que aumenta de \u00e1rea \u00e0 medida que se aproxima da porta de descarga.\u00a0A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>voluta<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga \u00e9 o inv\u00f3lucro que recebe o fluido sendo bombeado pelo impulsor, diminuindo a taxa de fluxo do fluido.\u00a0Portanto, de acordo com\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Equa\u00e7\u00e3o de Bernoulli - Princ\u00edpio de Bernoulli\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-a-equacao-de-bernoulli-principio-de-bernoulli-definicao\/\"><span>o princ\u00edpio de Bernoulli<\/span><\/a><span>, a voluta converte energia cin\u00e9tica em press\u00e3o, reduzindo a velocidade e aumentando a press\u00e3o.\u00a0Algumas bombas centr\u00edfugas cont\u00eam difusores.\u00a0Um difusor \u00e9 um conjunto de p\u00e1s estacion\u00e1rias que circundam o impulsor.\u00a0O difusor direciona o fluxo, permite uma expans\u00e3o mais gradual e, portanto, aumenta a efici\u00eancia da bomba centr\u00edfuga.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Eixo (rotor).\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>O impulsor \u00e9 montado em um eixo.\u00a0O eixo \u00e9 um componente mec\u00e2nico para a transmiss\u00e3o de torque do motor para o impulsor.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Veda\u00e7\u00e3o do eixo.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>As bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o fornecidas com an\u00e9is de veda\u00e7\u00e3o ou veda\u00e7\u00e3o mec\u00e2nica, o que ajuda a evitar o vazamento do l\u00edquido bombeado.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Rolamentos.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Os rolamentos restringem o movimento relativo do eixo (rotor) e reduzem o atrito entre o eixo rotativo e o estator.\u00a0Existem pelo menos 5 tipos comuns de rolamentos, cada um dos quais opera com princ\u00edpios diferentes:<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Rolamento liso<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Rolamento do elemento rolante<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Rolamento de j\u00f3ias<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Rolamento de fluido<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Rolamento magn\u00e9tico<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Tipos de impulsores em bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/open-semi-open-closed-impeller-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright  wp-image-14955 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/open-semi-open-closed-impeller-min.png\" alt=\"impulsor aberto, semiaberto, fechado\" width=\"185\" height=\"642\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/open-semi-open-closed-impeller-min.png\" \/><\/a><span>O design do impulsor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fator mais significativo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para determinar o desempenho de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga.\u00a0Um impulsor adequadamente projetado\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>otimiza o fluxo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>minimizando a turbul\u00eancia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>maximizando a efici\u00eancia<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O impulsor de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga pode ser\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>de\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>tr\u00eas tipos b\u00e1sicos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Impulsor aberto.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Os impulsores abertos t\u00eam as palhetas livres dos dois lados.\u00a0Os impulsores abertos s\u00e3o estruturalmente fracos.\u00a0Eles s\u00e3o normalmente usados \u200b\u200bem bombas de baixo di\u00e2metro e de baixo custo e bombas que manuseiam s\u00f3lidos em suspens\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Impulsor semiaberto<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As palhetas s\u00e3o livres de um lado e fechadas do outro.\u00a0A cobertura acrescenta for\u00e7a mec\u00e2nica.\u00a0Eles tamb\u00e9m oferecem maior efici\u00eancia do que impulsores abertos.\u00a0Eles podem ser usados \u200b\u200bem bombas de di\u00e2metro m\u00e9dio e com l\u00edquidos contendo pequenas quantidades de s\u00f3lidos em suspens\u00e3o.\u00a0Devido \u00e0 minimiza\u00e7\u00e3o da recircula\u00e7\u00e3o e outras perdas, \u00e9 muito importante que exista uma pequena folga entre as palhetas do impulsor e a carca\u00e7a.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Impulsor fechado<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As palhetas est\u00e3o localizadas entre os dois discos, todos em uma \u00fanica pe\u00e7a fundida.\u00a0Eles s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bem bombas grandes, com alta efici\u00eancia e baixa\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a de suc\u00e7\u00e3o positiva l\u00edquida<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0necess\u00e1ria\u00a0.\u00a0As bombas centr\u00edfugas com impulsor fechado s\u00e3o as bombas mais usadas no manuseio de l\u00edquidos transparentes.\u00a0Eles contam com an\u00e9is de desgaste de folga estreita no impulsor e na carca\u00e7a da bomba.\u00a0O impulsor fechado \u00e9 um projeto mais complicado e caro, n\u00e3o apenas por causa do impulsor, mas tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o necess\u00e1rios an\u00e9is de desgaste adicionais.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>As p\u00e1s do impulsor podem ser:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>Design da l\u00e2mina com\u00a0<strong>curvatura para tr\u00e1s<\/strong>\u00a0(design preferido devido \u00e0 inclina\u00e7\u00e3o negativa da curva de desempenho)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Design\u00a0<strong>radial da<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e2mina<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>Projeto de l\u00e2mina com\u00a0<strong>curvatura para<\/strong>\u00a0a frente (devido \u00e0s condi\u00e7\u00f5es de inclina\u00e7\u00e3o positiva, esse projeto pode causar oscila\u00e7\u00e3o da bomba)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Os impulsores podem ser:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Suc\u00e7\u00e3o \u00fanica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Um impulsor de suc\u00e7\u00e3o \u00fanica permite que o l\u00edquido entre no centro das p\u00e1s apenas de uma dire\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Suc\u00e7\u00e3o dupla<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Um impulsor de suc\u00e7\u00e3o dupla permite que o l\u00edquido entre no centro das p\u00e1s do impulsor de ambos os lados simultaneamente.\u00a0Isso reduz as for\u00e7as exercidas no eixo.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Single-vs.-Double-suction-impeller-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14954 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Single-vs.-Double-suction-impeller-min.png\" alt=\"Impulsor de suc\u00e7\u00e3o simples vs. dupla-min\" width=\"329\" height=\"181\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Single-vs.-Double-suction-impeller-min.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-14953 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min-300x219.png\" alt=\"impulsor e difusor\" width=\"300\" height=\"219\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Impeller-and-diffuser-min-300x219.png\" \/><\/a><span>A press\u00e3o de sa\u00edda muda levemente de acordo com o design usado.\u00a0As l\u00e2minas podem estar abertas ou fechadas.\u00a0Al\u00e9m disso, o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>difusor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0pode ser equipado com palhetas fixas para ajudar a guiar o fluxo em dire\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 sa\u00edda.\u00a0A energia transferida para o l\u00edquido corresponde \u00e0 velocidade na borda do impulsor.\u00a0Quanto mais r\u00e1pido o impulsor gira ou quanto maior o impulsor, maior ser\u00e1 a velocidade.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Em geral, as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0podem ser classificadas com base na maneira pela qual o fluido flui atrav\u00e9s da bomba.\u00a0N\u00e3o \u00e9 uma classifica\u00e7\u00e3o baseada apenas no impulsor, mas sim no projeto da\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>carca\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da\u00a0<strong>bomba<\/strong>\u00a0e do\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>impulsor<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Os tr\u00eas tipos de fluxo atrav\u00e9s de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga s\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>fluxo radial<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>fluxo misto<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(parte radial, parte axial)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>fluxo axial<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(tipo h\u00e9lice)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Caracter\u00edsticas de desempenho de bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Embora a teoria das bombas centr\u00edfugas d\u00ea muitos resultados qualitativos, o indicador mais importante do desempenho de uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est\u00e1 em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extensos testes hidr\u00e1ulicos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Na ind\u00fastria, as caracter\u00edsticas de todas as bombas geralmente s\u00e3o lidas a partir de sua\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>curva QH<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0ou\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>curva de desempenho\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(vaz\u00e3o &#8211; altura).\u00a0Como pode ser visto, os gr\u00e1ficos de desempenho usam uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>descarga &#8211; Q<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(geralmente em m\u00a0<\/span><sup><span>3<\/span><\/sup><span>\u00a0\/ h) e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a da bomba &#8211; H<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(geralmente em m) como vari\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bb\u00e1sicas de desempenho.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Cabe\u00e7a do sistema<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/System-Head-without-static-head.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-14981 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/System-Head-without-static-head-300x200.png\" alt=\"Cabe\u00e7a do sistema - sem cabe\u00e7a est\u00e1tica\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/System-Head-without-static-head-300x200.png\" \/><\/a><span>No cap\u00edtulo sobre\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Perda de Cabe\u00e7a - Perda de Press\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/bernoullis-equation-bernoullis-principle\/head-loss\/\"><span>perda de carga<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, determinou-se que as\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Perda de Cabe\u00e7a Maior - Perda de Fric\u00e7\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/\"><strong><span>perdas maiores<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/a><span>e\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Menor Perda de Cabe\u00e7a - Perdas Locais\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/minor-head-loss-local-losses\/\"><span>as perdas menores<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0nos sistemas de tubula\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>proporcionais ao quadrado da velocidade do fluxo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0\u00c9 \u00f3bvio que a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perda de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0carga do\u00a0<strong>sistema<\/strong>\u00a0deve ser diretamente proporcional ao quadrado da vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica, porque a vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica \u00e9 diretamente proporcional \u00e0 velocidade do fluxo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Deve-se acrescentar que os\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>sistemas hidr\u00e1ulicos abertos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0cont\u00eam n\u00e3o apenas a cabe\u00e7a de atrito, mas tamb\u00e9m a\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Cabe\u00e7a de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/bernoullis-equation-bernoullis-principle\/elevation-head-2\/\"><span>cabe\u00e7a de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, que deve ser considerada.\u00a0A cabe\u00e7a de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o (cabe\u00e7a est\u00e1tica) representa a energia potencial de um fluido devido \u00e0 sua eleva\u00e7\u00e3o acima de um n\u00edvel de refer\u00eancia.<\/span><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Elevation-Head.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14308 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Elevation-Head.png\" alt=\"Cabe\u00e7a de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"296\" height=\"80\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Elevation-Head.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/System-Head-with-static-head.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-14988 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/System-Head-with-static-head-300x223.png\" alt=\"Cabe\u00e7a do sistema - com cabe\u00e7a est\u00e1tica\" width=\"300\" height=\"223\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/System-Head-with-static-head-300x223.png\" \/><\/a><strong><span>Em muitos casos,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0a cabe\u00e7a total de um sistema \u00e9 uma combina\u00e7\u00e3o de cabe\u00e7a de eleva\u00e7\u00e3o e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a de fric\u00e7\u00e3o,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0conforme mostrado na figura.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Na\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Engenharia nuclear\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/\"><span>engenharia nuclear, a<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0maioria dos sistemas hidr\u00e1ulicos s\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>la\u00e7os hidr\u00e1ulicos fechados<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e esses sistemas possuem apenas\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7ote de fric\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span> (sem cabe\u00e7ote est\u00e1tico).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Cabe\u00e7a da bomba &#8211; curva de desempenho<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a title=\"Din\u00e2mica de Fluidos\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/\"><strong><span>Na din\u00e2mica de fluidos,<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0o termo<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0cabe\u00e7a da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 usado para medir a energia cin\u00e9tica que uma bomba cria.\u00a0Cabe\u00e7a \u00e9 uma medida da<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0altura da coluna de fluido incompress\u00edvel que<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0a bomba poderia criar a partir da energia cin\u00e9tica que a bomba fornece ao l\u00edquido.\u00a0A<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0cabe\u00e7a e a taxa de fluxo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0determinam o<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0desempenho<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de uma bomba, que \u00e9 mostrado graficamente na figura como a<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0curva de desempenho<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ou<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0curva caracter\u00edstica da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0O principal<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0motivo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para usar a<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0cabe\u00e7a em vez da press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0para determinar o<\/span><strong><span>\u00a0desempenho de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 que o<\/span><strong><span>a altura da coluna de fluido n\u00e3o depende da gravidade espec\u00edfica (peso) do l\u00edquido<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, enquanto a press\u00e3o de uma bomba muda.\u00a0Em termos de press\u00e3o, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da\u00a0<strong>bomba<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<strong><sub>bomba<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><strong><span>\u00a0\u0394P<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0) \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a entre a contrapress\u00e3o do sistema e a press\u00e3o de entrada da bomba.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pump-head-performace-curve-chart.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-14990 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pump-head-performace-curve-chart.png\" alt=\"cabe\u00e7a da bomba - curva de desempenho - gr\u00e1fico\" width=\"340\" height=\"234\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/pump-head-performace-curve-chart.png\" \/><\/a><span>A\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a m\u00e1xima da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga \u00e9 determinada principalmente pelo\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>di\u00e2metro externo do impulsor da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e pela\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>velocidade angular<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>eixo<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0&#8211; velocidade do eixo rotativo.\u00a0A cabe\u00e7a tamb\u00e9m muda \u00e0 medida que a vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica atrav\u00e9s da bomba \u00e9 aumentada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Quando uma bomba centr\u00edfuga est\u00e1 operando a uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>velocidade angular constante<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, um aumento na\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0do\u00a0<strong>sistema<\/strong>\u00a0(contrapress\u00e3o) na corrente de fluxo causa uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>redu\u00e7\u00e3o na taxa de fluxo volum\u00e9trica<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que a bomba centr\u00edfuga pode manter.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cabe\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0da\u00a0<strong>bomba<\/strong>\u00a0e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica (Q)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, que uma bomba centr\u00edfuga pode manter, depende de v\u00e1rias caracter\u00edsticas f\u00edsicas da bomba como:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>a energia fornecida \u00e0 bomba<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>a velocidade angular do eixo<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>o tipo e di\u00e2metro do impulsor<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>e o fluido usado:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>densidade do fluido<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>viscosidade do fluido<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Essa rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 muito complicada e sua an\u00e1lise est\u00e1 em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>extensos testes hidr\u00e1ulicos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de certas bombas centr\u00edfugas.\u00a0Como pode ser visto na figura abaixo.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h2><span>Caracter\u00edsticas de opera\u00e7\u00e3o de um circuito hidr\u00e1ulico<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Quando reunimos as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>caracter\u00edsticas de atrito<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00a0(cabe\u00e7a do sistema) de um circuito hidr\u00e1ulico e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>curva de desempenho,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0o resultado descreve as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>caracter\u00edsticas de todo o sistema<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(por exemplo,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>um circuito do circuito prim\u00e1rio<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0).\u00a0A figura a seguir mostra a curva de desempenho t\u00edpica de uma bomba centr\u00edfuga relacionada \u00e0 cabe\u00e7a de atrito do sistema.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14299\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14299\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-14299 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H.png\" alt=\"Diagrama caracter\u00edstico de QH da bomba centr\u00edfuga e do gasoduto\" width=\"900\" height=\"622\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Hydraulic-Head-Q-H.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14299\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Diagrama caracter\u00edstico de QH da bomba centr\u00edfuga e do gasoduto<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span>A cabe\u00e7a da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, no eixo vertical, \u00e9 a\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diferen\u00e7a<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0entre a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>contrapress\u00e3o do sistema<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>entrada<\/strong>\u00a0da bomba (\u00a0<strong><sub>bomba<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><strong><span>\u00a0\u0394P<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0).\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica (Q)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, no eixo horizontal, \u00e9 a taxa na qual o fluido est\u00e1 fluindo atrav\u00e9s da bomba.\u00a0Como pode ser visto, a cabe\u00e7a \u00e9 aproximadamente constante em baixa descarga e depois cai para zero em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q\u00a0<\/span><sub><span>max<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Em baixa descarga, as caracter\u00edsticas podem ser inst\u00e1veis \u200b\u200b(com inclina\u00e7\u00e3o positiva da cabe\u00e7a da bomba).\u00a0Essas s\u00e3o caracter\u00edsticas indesej\u00e1veis, porque uma bomba inst\u00e1vel pode come\u00e7ar a oscilar entre as duas combina\u00e7\u00f5es poss\u00edveis de vaz\u00e3o e a tubula\u00e7\u00e3o pode vibrar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Na vaz\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Q1,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0a bomba ganha mais press\u00e3o do que consome as perdas por atrito; portanto, a vaz\u00e3o atrav\u00e9s do sistema\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumentar\u00e1<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A vaz\u00e3o se\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>estabilizar\u00e1<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0no ponto em que as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>perdas por atrito cruzam as caracter\u00edsticas da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Para caracterizar o desempenho de bombas centr\u00edfugas, s\u00e3o definidos os seguintes termos:<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-accordion\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\">\n<ul>\n<li class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span>Cabe\u00e7a de corte<\/span><\/li>\n<li class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Efici\u00eancia da bomba<\/li>\n<li class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Melhor Ponto de Efici\u00eancia<\/li>\n<li class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Pot\u00eancia de freio<\/li>\n<li class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\">Cabe\u00e7a de suc\u00e7\u00e3o positiva l\u00edquida<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus su-spoiler-closed\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Opera\u00e7\u00e3o em s\u00e9rie de bombas centr\u00edfugas (booster)<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Para aumentar a vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica em um sistema ou compensar grandes\u00a0<a title=\"Menor Perda de Cabe\u00e7a - Perdas Locais\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/minor-head-loss-local-losses\/\">perdas\u00a0<\/a><\/span><a title=\"Perda de Cabe\u00e7a Maior - Perda de Fric\u00e7\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/major-head-loss-friction-loss\/\"><span>maiores<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0ou\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Menor Perda de Cabe\u00e7a - Perdas Locais\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/minor-head-loss-local-losses\/\"><span>menores<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, as bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o frequentemente usadas em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>paralelo ou em s\u00e9rie<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>A opera\u00e7\u00e3o em s\u00e9rie<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de bombas centr\u00edfugas \u00e9 usada para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>superar uma grande perda de<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0carga do sistema\u00a0ou para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>obter um grande aumento de press\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0quando o l\u00edquido \u00e9 injetado em um sistema de press\u00e3o muito alta (por exemplo, Sistemas de Inje\u00e7\u00e3o de Seguran\u00e7a de Alta Press\u00e3o em\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"PWR - Reator de \u00e1gua pressurizada\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/pwr-pressurized-water-reactor\/\"><span>PWRs<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0, onde s\u00e3o usadas bombas de v\u00e1rios est\u00e1gios).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Quando uma bomba centr\u00edfuga \u00e9 operada em um circuito fechado, a press\u00e3o de descarga resultante ser\u00e1 simplesmente a soma da press\u00e3o de suc\u00e7\u00e3o e da press\u00e3o normalmente desenvolvida pela bomba ao operar na press\u00e3o de suc\u00e7\u00e3o zero.\u00a0Portanto, \u00e9 adequado para uso como uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bomba auxiliar<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0quando operada em s\u00e9rie.\u00a0A cabe\u00e7a produzida por duas ou mais bombas \u00e9 igual \u00e0\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>soma das cabe\u00e7as individuais<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0A vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica da entrada da primeira bomba at\u00e9 a sa\u00edda da segunda permanece a mesma.\u00a0Na aplica\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00e1tica, as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bombas de\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>v\u00e1rios\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span><strong>est\u00e1gios<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00a0<strong>bomba de m\u00faltiplos impulsores<\/strong>\u00a0) s\u00e3o constru\u00eddas para atingir uma cabe\u00e7a de bomba mais alta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Series-Operation-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-Chart-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14946 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Series-Operation-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-Chart-min.png\" alt=\"Opera\u00e7\u00e3o em s\u00e9rie de bombas centr\u00edfugas\" width=\"541\" height=\"594\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Series-Operation-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-Chart-min.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Opera\u00e7\u00e3o paralela de bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Para aumentar a vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica em um sistema ou compensar grandes perdas maiores ou menores, as bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o frequentemente usadas em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>paralelo ou em s\u00e9rie<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>A opera\u00e7\u00e3o paralela<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de bombas centr\u00edfugas \u00e9 usada para\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumentar a vaz\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0atrav\u00e9s do sistema.\u00a0As bombas que operam em paralelo tomam sua\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>suc\u00e7\u00e3o de um cabe\u00e7alho comum<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>descarregam em uma descarga comum<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Embora a cabe\u00e7a mude apenas um pouco, o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fluxo quase dobrou<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0em qualquer ponto.\u00a0Deve-se notar que a vaz\u00e3o volum\u00e9trica \u00e9 na verdade inferior a duas vezes a vaz\u00e3o alcan\u00e7ada usando uma \u00fanica bomba.\u00a0Isso \u00e9 causado por uma maior perda de carga do sistema resultante de maior vaz\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Parallel-Operation-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-Chart-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-14945 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Parallel-Operation-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-Chart-min.png\" alt=\"opera\u00e7\u00e3o paralela de bombas centr\u00edfugas\" width=\"598\" height=\"215\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Parallel-Operation-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-Chart-min.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Modos principais de falha de bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>Como as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0s\u00e3o um dos tipos de bombas mais utilizados no mundo, seus par\u00e2metros operacionais e tamb\u00e9m suas vulnerabilidades s\u00e3o bem conhecidos.\u00a0Este artigo analisa os\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>principais modos de falha<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0encontrados nas\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Em geral, as falhas da bomba resultam em altera\u00e7\u00f5es operacionais que reduzem a efici\u00eancia ou podem resultar em uma avaria da bomba.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A confiabilidade<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0dos sistemas hidr\u00e1ulicos e tamb\u00e9m das bombas centr\u00edfugas \u00e9 da maior import\u00e2ncia na\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Engenharia nuclear\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/\"><span>engenharia nuclear<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Os modos de falha das bombas centr\u00edfugas podem ser agrupados em tr\u00eas categorias:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Modos de falha hidr\u00e1ulica<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Cavita\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>A cavita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9, em muitos casos, uma ocorr\u00eancia indesej\u00e1vel.\u00a0Nas bombas centr\u00edfugas, a cavita\u00e7\u00e3o causa danos aos componentes (eros\u00e3o do material), vibra\u00e7\u00f5es, ru\u00eddos e perda de efici\u00eancia.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Pulsa\u00e7\u00e3o por press\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0Pulsa\u00e7\u00f5es de press\u00e3o s\u00e3o flutua\u00e7\u00f5es na press\u00e3o b\u00e1sica.\u00a0Para bombas de cabe\u00e7ote alto, as pulsa\u00e7\u00f5es de press\u00e3o de suc\u00e7\u00e3o e descarga podem causar instabilidade nos controles da bomba, vibra\u00e7\u00e3o da tubula\u00e7\u00e3o de suc\u00e7\u00e3o e descarga e altos n\u00edveis de ru\u00eddo da bomba.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Recircula\u00e7\u00e3o da bomba.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Uma bomba operando com capacidade inferior aos limites projetados pode sofrer recircula\u00e7\u00e3o que ocorre internamente nas bombas.\u00a0A recircula\u00e7\u00e3o da bomba pode causar surtos e cavita\u00e7\u00e3o, mesmo quando o\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Cabe\u00e7a de suc\u00e7\u00e3o positiva l\u00edquida\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/centrifugal-pumps\/net-positive-suction-head\/\"><span>NPSHa<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0dispon\u00edvel\u00a0excede o\u00a0<a title=\"Cabe\u00e7a de suc\u00e7\u00e3o positiva l\u00edquida\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/centrifugal-pumps\/net-positive-suction-head\/\">NPSHr<\/a>\u00a0do fornecedor por uma margem consider\u00e1vel.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Impulso radial e axial.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>Um alto impulso radial que resulta em deflex\u00f5es excessivas do eixo pode levar a problemas persistentes de veda\u00e7\u00e3o ou veda\u00e7\u00e3o mec\u00e2nica e, possivelmente, falha do eixo.\u00a0O impulso axial \u00e9 imposto ao longo do eixo do eixo.\u00a0Um impulso axial alto pode impor uma carga excessiva no rolamento.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Modos de falha mec\u00e2nica<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Apreens\u00e3o ou ruptura do eixo<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Falha no rolamento<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Falha no selo<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Vibra\u00e7\u00f5es<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Fadiga<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span>Outros modos de falha<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Eros\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Corros\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Cavita\u00e7\u00e3o em Bombas Centr\u00edfugas<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-damaged-impeller-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-15096 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-damaged-impeller-min-300x229.png\" alt=\"cavita\u00e7\u00e3o - impulsor danificado-min\" width=\"300\" height=\"229\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-damaged-impeller-min-300x229.png\" \/><\/a><span>Principais locais onde\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Cavita\u00e7\u00e3o em Bombas Centr\u00edfugas\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/centrifugal-pumps\/cavitation\/\"><strong><span>a cavita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0ocorre s\u00e3o em bombas,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>em\u00a0<\/span><a title=\"Impulsor - Tipos de impulsores\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/fluid-dynamics\/centrifugal-pumps\/impeller-types-of-impellers\/\"><span>turbinas<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0ou h\u00e9lices<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Nas bombas centr\u00edfugas, a cavita\u00e7\u00e3o resulta de uma\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>redu\u00e7\u00e3o na press\u00e3o de suc\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0, um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumento na temperatura de suc\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ou um\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumento na vaz\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0acima daquela para a qual a bomba foi projetada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Existem dois\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>tipos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0b\u00e1sicos\u00a0<strong>de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o da bomba<\/strong> :<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>N\u00famero de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>O\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>n\u00famero de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o (Ca)<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ou o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>par\u00e2metro de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 um n\u00famero sem dimens\u00e3o usado nos c\u00e1lculos de fluxo.\u00a0\u00c9 convencional caracterizar a proximidade da press\u00e3o no fluxo do l\u00edquido com a press\u00e3o do vapor (e, portanto, o potencial de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o) por meio do n\u00famero da cavita\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O n\u00famero da cavita\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser expresso como:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-number-equation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-15097 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-number-equation.png\" alt=\"n\u00famero de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o - equa\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"157\" height=\"86\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-number-equation.png\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>Onde<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span>CA = n\u00famero de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>p = press\u00e3o local (Pa)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>p\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub><\/em><em><span>\u00a0= press\u00e3o de vapor do fluido (Pa)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>\u03c1 = densidade do fluido (kg \/ m\u00a0<\/span><\/em><em><sup><span>3<\/span><\/sup><\/em><em><span>\u00a0)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><span>v = velocidade do fluido (m \/ s)<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights  lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<div class=\"su-spacer\"><\/div>\n<h2><span>Danos por cavita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>A cavita\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9, em muitos casos, uma ocorr\u00eancia indesej\u00e1vel.\u00a0Nas bombas centr\u00edfugas, a cavita\u00e7\u00e3o causa\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>danos aos componentes<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0(eros\u00e3o do material), vibra\u00e7\u00f5es, ru\u00eddos e perda de efici\u00eancia.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_15093\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-15093\"><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-damage-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-15093 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-damage-min-300x178.png\" alt=\"Fonte: Wikipedia, CC BY 2.5, https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Turbine_Francis_Worn.JPG\" width=\"300\" height=\"178\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-damage-min-300x178.png\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-15093\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span>Fonte: Wikipedia, CC BY 2.5,<\/span><br \/>\n<span>https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Turbine_Francis_Worn.JPG<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>Talvez o problema de engenharia mais importante causado pela cavita\u00e7\u00e3o seja o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>dano material<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0que as bolhas de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o podem causar quando\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>colapsam<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0nas proximidades de uma superf\u00edcie s\u00f3lida.\u00a0O colapso das bolhas de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 um processo violento que gera\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>ondas de choque<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>microjatos\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span><strong>altamente localizados<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Eles for\u00e7am o l\u00edquido energ\u00e9tico em volumes muito pequenos, criando pontos de alta temperatura e esses dist\u00farbios intensos geram tens\u00f5es superficiais transit\u00f3rias e altamente localizadas em uma superf\u00edcie s\u00f3lida.\u00a0Os sinais de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>eros\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0aparecer\u00e3o como\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>pontinhos<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0devido \u00e0 a\u00e7\u00e3o de golpe de \u00e1gua das bolhas de vapor em colapso.\u00a0Verificou-se que as taxas de danos por cavita\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>aumentam rapidamente<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0com o aumento da vaz\u00e3o do volume.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Materiais mais macios<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0podem ser danificados mesmo pela\u00a0ocorr\u00eancia de\u00a0<strong>cavita\u00e7\u00e3o a\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><strong><span>curto prazo<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Pontua\u00e7\u00f5es individuais podem ser observadas ap\u00f3s um \u00fanico colapso da bolha.\u00a0Portanto, materiais mais duros s\u00e3o usados \u200b\u200bpara\u00a0<strong>bombas centr\u00edfugas<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Por\u00e9m, com os materiais mais duros usados \u200b\u200bna maioria das aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, o\u00a0<strong>estresse c\u00edclico<\/strong>\u00a0devido a colapsos repetidos pode causar\u00a0<strong>falha na fadiga da superf\u00edcie local<\/strong>\u00a0.\u00a0Assim, os danos causados \u200b\u200bpela cavita\u00e7\u00e3o aos metais geralmente t\u00eam a apar\u00eancia de\u00a0<strong>falha por fadiga<\/strong>\u00a0.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-bubble-collapse-min.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-15092 lazy-loaded\" src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-bubble-collapse-min-300x154.png\" alt=\"cavita\u00e7\u00e3o - bolha em colapso-min\" width=\"300\" height=\"154\" data-lazy-type=\"image\" data-src=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/cavitation-bubble-collapse-min-300x154.png\" \/><\/a><span>Quando as bolhas de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o colapsam, elas for\u00e7am o l\u00edquido energ\u00e9tico a volumes muito pequenos, criando pontos de alta temperatura e emitindo ondas de choque, as quais s\u00e3o uma fonte de ru\u00eddo.\u00a0Embora o colapso de uma pequena cavidade seja um evento de energia relativamente baixa, colapsos altamente localizados podem corroer metais, como o a\u00e7o, ao longo do tempo.\u00a0A picada causada pelo colapso das cavidades produz um grande desgaste dos componentes e pode reduzir drasticamente a vida \u00fatil da h\u00e9lice ou da bomba.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A cavita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 geralmente acompanhada tamb\u00e9m por:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span>Ru\u00eddo.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span>O ru\u00eddo t\u00edpico \u00e9 causado por cavidades em colapso.\u00a0O n\u00edvel do ru\u00eddo resultante da cavita\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 uma medida da gravidade da cavita\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Vibra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0As vibra\u00e7\u00f5es da bomba devido \u00e0 cavita\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o caracteristicamente baixas vibra\u00e7\u00f5es de frequ\u00eancia, geralmente encontradas na faixa de 0 a 10 Hz.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong><span>Redu\u00e7\u00e3o na efici\u00eancia da bomba<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0.\u00a0Uma diminui\u00e7\u00e3o na efici\u00eancia da bomba \u00e9 um sinal mais confi\u00e1vel de cavita\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights lgc-first lgc-last\">\n<div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-clearfix\">\n<p>&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;&#8230;.<\/p>\n<p>Este artigo \u00e9 baseado na tradu\u00e7\u00e3o autom\u00e1tica do artigo original em ingl\u00eas. Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es, consulte o artigo em ingl\u00eas. Voc\u00ea pode nos ajudar. Se voc\u00ea deseja corrigir a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o, envie-a para: translations@nuclear-power.com ou preencha o formul\u00e1rio de tradu\u00e7\u00e3o on-line. Agradecemos sua ajuda, atualizaremos a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o o mais r\u00e1pido poss\u00edvel. Obrigado.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o dispositivos usados \u200b\u200bpara transportar fluidos pela convers\u00e3o de energia cin\u00e9tica rotacional em energia hidrodin\u00e2mica.\u00a0Bombas centr\u00edfugas Bombas centr\u00edfugas As bombas centr\u00edfugas\u00a0s\u00e3o dispositivos que s\u00e3o usados para fluidos de transporte pela\u00a0convers\u00e3o da energia cin\u00e9tica de rota\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0para a\u00a0energia hidrodinico\u00a0do fluxo de fluido.\u00a0A energia rotacional normalmente vem de um\u00a0motor el\u00e9trico\u00a0ou\u00a0turbina a vapor\u00a0(no caso de bombas de &#8230; <a title=\"O que \u00e9 bomba centr\u00edfuga &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/\" aria-label=\"More on O que \u00e9 bomba centr\u00edfuga &#8211; defini\u00e7\u00e3o\">Ler mais<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[14],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>O que \u00e9 bomba centr\u00edfuga - defini\u00e7\u00e3o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o dispositivos usados para transportar fluidos pela convers\u00e3o de energia cin\u00e9tica rotacional em energia hidrodin\u00e2mica. Bombas centr\u00edfugas\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O que \u00e9 bomba centr\u00edfuga - defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bombas centr\u00edfugas s\u00e3o dispositivos usados para transportar fluidos pela convers\u00e3o de energia cin\u00e9tica rotacional em energia hidrodin\u00e2mica. Bombas centr\u00edfugas\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Thermal Engineering\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-02-01T08:56:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-02-01T09:00:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Principles-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-min-293x300.png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Nick Connor\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 minutos\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Thermal Engineering\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Principles-of-Centrifugal-Pumps-min-293x300.png\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/\",\"name\":\"O que \\u00e9 bomba centr\\u00edfuga - defini\\u00e7\\u00e3o\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-02-01T08:56:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-02-01T09:00:32+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"Bombas centr\\u00edfugas s\\u00e3o dispositivos usados para transportar fluidos pela convers\\u00e3o de energia cin\\u00e9tica rotacional em energia hidrodin\\u00e2mica. Bombas centr\\u00edfugas\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/o-que-e-bomba-centrifuga-definicao\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\",\"name\":\"Nick Connor\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/84c0dec310b44b65da29dc9df6925239?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Nick Connor\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51859"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=51859"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/51859\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=51859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=51859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=51859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}