![\"S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n](\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/sivilarin_4_termodinamik_ozelligi_turu.png\")
<\/p>\nS\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n 4 Termodinamik \u00d6zelli\u011fi T\u00fcr\u00fc: S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n termodinamik \u00f6zellikleri bas\u0131n\u00e7, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, hacim ve i\u00e7 enerjiyi i\u00e7erir. Bu \u00f6zellikler nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenin.<\/p>\n
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Termodinamik, enerjinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve maddelerin termal \u00f6zelliklerini inceleyen bir bilim dal\u0131d\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131lar, bu disipline \u00f6zellikle ilgi \u00e7eken maddelerdir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitli termodinamik \u00f6zelliklere sahiptirler. Bu makalede, s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n d\u00f6rt temel termodinamik \u00f6zelli\u011fini inceleyece\u011fiz: yo\u011funluk, viskozite, \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131 kapasitesi ve buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131.<\/p>\n
Yo\u011funluk, birim hacim ba\u015f\u0131na k\u00fctle olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve genellikle kilogram\/metrek\u00fcp (kg\/m3<\/sup>) cinsinden ifade edilir. S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fu, s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131nca ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilir.<\/p>\n D = \\(\\frac{m}{V}\\), burada \\(m\\) k\u00fctle ve \\(V\\) hacimdir.<\/p>\n Viskozite, bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n akmaya kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi diren\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek viskoziteli s\u0131v\u0131lar daha “kal\u0131n” ya da ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olarak kabul edilirken, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck viskoziteli s\u0131v\u0131lar daha “ince” ya da ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcksek olarak kabul edilir. Viskozite, s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131nca duyarl\u0131 bir \u00f6zelliktir.<\/p>\n \u00d6zg\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131 kapasitesi, bir maddenin birim k\u00fctlesinin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bir derece y\u00fckseltmek i\u00e7in gerekli olan \u0131s\u0131 miktar\u0131d\u0131r. Birimi joule\/kilogram.Kelvin (J\/kg.K)\u2019dir. S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131 kapasitesi, s\u0131cakl\u0131k ve bas\u0131n\u00e7 ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilir.<\/p>\n Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131, bir s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buhar faz\u0131 ile dengede oldu\u011fu bas\u0131n\u00e7t\u0131r. Belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131kta, s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczeyinden buharla\u015fan molek\u00fcller bu durumu olu\u015fturur. K\u0131saca, buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buharla\u015fma ile buhar faz\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f e\u011filimini temsil eder.<\/p>\n Buhar bas\u0131nc\u0131, Clausius-Clapeyron denklemi ile hesaplanabilir: \\( \\frac{dP}{dT} = \\frac{L}{T(V_{g} – V_{l})} \\) burada \\(L\\) gizli \u0131s\u0131, \\( T \\) mutlak s\u0131cakl\u0131k, \\( V_{g} \\) buhar hacmi ve \\( V_{l} \\) s\u0131v\u0131 hacmidir.<\/p>\n Sonu\u00e7 olarak, s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n termodinamik \u00f6zellikleri enerji d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri ve faz de\u011fi\u015fim s\u00fcre\u00e7leri \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli etkiye sahiptir. Bu \u00f6zelliklerin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, m\u00fchendislik ve bilim alanlar\u0131nda geni\u015f uygulamalara sahiptir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n 4 Termodinamik \u00d6zelli\u011fi T\u00fcr\u00fc: S\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n termodinamik \u00f6zellikleri bas\u0131n\u00e7, s\u0131cakl\u0131k, hacim ve i\u00e7 enerjiyi i\u00e7erir. Bu \u00f6zellikler nas\u0131l i\u015fledi\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[131],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n\n
2. Viskozite (\\( \\eta \\))<\/h2>\n
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3. \u00d6zg\u00fcn Is\u0131 Kapasitesi (\\( c_{p} \\))<\/h2>\n
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4. Buhar Bas\u0131nc\u0131 (\\( P_{v} \\))<\/h2>\n
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