{"id":672855,"date":"2024-08-22T08:04:47","date_gmt":"2024-08-22T07:04:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=672855"},"modified":"2024-08-22T08:04:47","modified_gmt":"2024-08-22T07:04:47","slug":"tinh-dan-nhiet-cua-nano-chat-long","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tinh-dan-nhiet-cua-nano-chat-long\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tinh_dan_nhiet_cua_nano_chat_long.png\" alt=\"T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>Nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>nanofluids<\/em>, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c dung d\u1ecbch ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano (r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee1 nanomet) ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/h2>\n<p>Nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ea7u, ethylene glycol, v.v.)<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano (oxit kim lo\u1ea1i, cacbon, b\u1ea1c, v.v.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t nano trong ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/li>\n<li>Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khu\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n h\u1ea1t nano<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nano:<\/strong> H\u1ea1t nano th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t:<\/strong> T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t nano v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Brownian:<\/strong> H\u1ea1t nano di chuy\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Maxwell:<\/p>\n<p>\\[<br \/>\nk_{nf} = k_f \\left( \\frac{k_p + 2k_f &#8211; 2\\phi (k_f &#8211; k_p)}{k_p + 2k_f + \\phi (k_f &#8211; k_p)} \\right)<br \/>\n\\]\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \\(k_{nf}\\): h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/li>\n<li> \\(k_f\\): h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/li>\n<li> \\(k_p\\): h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nano<\/li>\n<li> \\(\\phi\\): ph\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t nano<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n<p>Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y t\u1ebf:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb y khoa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ednh d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nano ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng: Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nano c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh d\u1eabn 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