{"id":673412,"date":"2024-09-05T12:27:20","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T11:27:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=673412"},"modified":"2024-09-05T12:27:20","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T11:27:20","slug":"anh-huong-cua-buc-xa-den-qua-trinh-truyen-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/anh-huong-cua-buc-xa-den-qua-trinh-truyen-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/anh_huong_cua_buc_xa_den_qua_trinh_truyen_nhiet.png\" alt=\"\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 <strong>b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u hay d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. M\u1ecdi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (0 K) \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Stefan-Boltzmann:<\/p>\n<p>\n<em>Q<\/em><sub>rad<\/sub> = \u03c3 * A * <em>T<\/em><sup>4<\/sup>\n<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li><strong><em>Q<\/em><sub>rad<\/sub><\/strong>: C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 (W)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u03c3<\/strong>: H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Stefan-Boltzmann (5.67 \u00d7 10<sup>-8<\/sup> W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>K<sup>4<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><strong>A<\/strong>: Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 (m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li><strong><em>T<\/em><\/strong>: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 (K)<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 <strong>\u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/strong> B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ebfp \u0111un, nhi\u1ec7t b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t b\u1ebfp m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o ra lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng xung quanh, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn gradient nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t qua v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m:<\/strong> M\u00e1y s\u01b0\u1edfi b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt xung quanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/strong> L\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00f9ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, gi\u00fap n\u1ea5u ch\u00edn nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, nung n\u00f3ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 \u00edch n\u00e0y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n 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