{"id":673662,"date":"2024-08-23T12:51:51","date_gmt":"2024-08-23T11:51:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=673662"},"modified":"2024-08-23T12:51:51","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T11:51:51","slug":"cach-buc-xa-vat-den-anh-huong-den-su-truyen-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-buc-xa-vat-den-anh-huong-den-su-truyen-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_buc_xa_vat_den_anh_huong_den_su_truyen_nhiet.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1eadt \u0111en l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 hay ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en l\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111en khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng. M\u1ecdi v\u1eadt c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 0 Kelvin \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt \u0111en l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t ra ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi Lu\u1eadt B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 Stefan-Boltzmann:<\/p>\n<p>\\( E = \\sigma T^4 \\)<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\\( E \\) l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 ph\u00e1t ra tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch (W\/m<sup>2<\/sup>)<\/li>\n<li>\\( \\sigma \\) l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Stefan-Boltzmann, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u1ea3ng \\( 5.67 \\times 10^{-8} W\/m^2K^4 \\)<\/li>\n<li>\\( T \\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt (K)<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>Quang ph\u1ed5 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Wien<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Wien gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng (\u03bb) m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n<p>\\( \\lambda_{max} = \\frac {b}{T} \\)<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<p><u1><\/p>\n<li>\\( \\lambda_{max} \\) l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (m)<\/li>\n<li>\\( b \\) l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Wien, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kho\u1ea3ng \\( 2.898 \\times 10^{-3} mK \\)<\/li>\n<li>\\{ T \\) l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i (K)<\/li>\n<p><\/u1><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 V\u1eadt \u0110en trong K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n:<\/p>\n<p><o1><\/p>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u00f2 nung:<\/strong> L\u00f2 nung th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf sao cho b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5:<\/strong> C\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n<p><\/o1><\/p>\n<h2>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1eeb l\u00f2 nung c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1ch b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 v\u1eadt \u0111en \u1ea3nh 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