{"id":673681,"date":"2024-10-06T16:35:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-06T15:35:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=673681"},"modified":"2024-10-06T16:35:22","modified_gmt":"2024-10-06T15:35:22","slug":"lam-the-nao-de-nhiet-luong-ke-do-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-de-nhiet-luong-ke-do-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">C\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/lam_the_nao_de_nhiet_luong_ke_do_nhiet.png\" alt=\"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t?\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t?<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch n\u00f3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hai nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t. Khi hai v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb v\u1eadt n\u00f3ng h\u01a1n sang v\u1eadt l\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ecnh c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (c) c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhi\u1ec7t k\u1ebf:<\/strong> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Q) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ecfa ra, ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<p>Q = m * c * \u0394T<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Q:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: Joules, J)<\/li>\n<li><strong>m:<\/strong> Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: kilogam, kg)<\/li>\n<li><strong>c:<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: Joules tr\u00ean kilogam tr\u00ean Kelvin, J\/kg\u00b7K)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0394T:<\/strong> Bi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb: Kelvin, K ho\u1eb7c Celsius, \u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u (T<sub>i<\/sub>) c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7t v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o trong nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<li>Khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1eafp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (T<sub>f<\/sub>) sau khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Q = m * c * (T<sub>f<\/sub> &#8211; T<sub>i<\/sub>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ecfa ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t: t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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