![\"C\u00e1ch](\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_su_soi_va_ngung_tu_anh_huong_den_chuyen_nhiet.png\")
<\/p>\nC\u00e1ch s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 hai qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 s\u00f4i (boiling) l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb pha l\u1ecfng sang pha h\u01a1i. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng b\u1eb1ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t xung quanh. Khi s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i x\u1ea3y ra, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua l\u1ef1c h\u00fat gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh pha h\u01a1i.<\/p>\n
<\/u1><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 s\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea5p thu nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00f4i m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a h\u01a1i (\\( Q_{hvap} \\)). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a h\u01a1i:<\/p>\n \\[ Q_{hvap} = m \\cdot L \\]\n Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n <\/u1><\/p>\n Ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 (condensation) l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i, khi h\u01a1i chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng. Khi h\u01a1i m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t xung quanh, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u01a1i gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ecfa nhi\u1ec7t. Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng khi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1i ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 (\\( Q_{cond} \\)). C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh nhi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t h\u00f3a h\u01a1i, nh\u01b0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/p>\n \\[ Q_{cond} = m \\cdot L \\]\n S\u1ef1 s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i, tua-bin h\u01a1i, t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Ch\u00fang gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n <\/u1><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u00e1ch s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nNg\u01b0ng t\u1ee5<\/h2>\n
\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n
K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n