{"id":674295,"date":"2024-10-19T07:49:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T06:49:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=674295"},"modified":"2024-10-19T07:49:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-19T06:49:31","slug":"cach-bo-tan-nhiet-cai-thien-lam-mat-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-bo-tan-nhiet-cai-thien-lam-mat-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/h2>\n

B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 radiators) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 t\u00f4. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o n\u00f3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao nh\u01b0 nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u00f3 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 l\u00e1 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t) di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, trong khi c\u00e1c l\u00e1 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • \u1ed0ng d\u1eabn:<\/b> Ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t di chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n
  • L\u00e1 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> T\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean quy lu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u01b0u v\u00e0 b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> Nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00f3ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 CPU ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1) sang ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ed1i l\u01b0u:<\/b> Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t n\u00f3ng l\u00ean v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n qua \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t, n\u01a1i n\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ee9c x\u1ea1:<\/b> B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t ph\u00e1t x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian xung quanh<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t<\/h2>\n

    B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • T\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t:<\/b> V\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00e1 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
  • L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed:<\/b> B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u00fap nhi\u1ec7t tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
  • Ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1t:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 nh\u00f4m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00fap d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n qua b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

    Q = U * A * \u0394T<\/b><\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Q:<\/b> L\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n (Watt)<\/li>\n
  • U:<\/b> H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (W\/m\u00b2K)<\/li>\n
  • A:<\/b> Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t (m\u00b2)<\/li>\n
  • \u0394T:<\/b> Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (K)<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Trong \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p (U) ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

    K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

    B\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00e1ch b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m m\u00e1t: Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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