{"id":674555,"date":"2024-08-18T17:36:32","date_gmt":"2024-08-18T16:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=674555"},"modified":"2024-08-18T17:36:32","modified_gmt":"2024-08-18T16:36:32","slug":"cach-van-gian-no-nhiet-dieu-chinh-luong-chay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-van-gian-no-nhiet-dieu-chinh-luong-chay\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_van_gian_no_nhiet_dieu_chinh_luong_chay.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y<\/h2>\n<p>Van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (Thermal Expansion Valve, TEV) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i, duy tr\u00ec \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 sao cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n<p>Van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u00e2n van: N\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea3y qua.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec7t: \u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh sau khi qua d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i.<\/li>\n<li>Kim van v\u00e0 l\u00f2 xo: \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh \u0111i qua.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong van.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n<p>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>M\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng) t\u1eeb b\u00ecnh ng\u01b0ng ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ea7u d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh sau khi qua d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed n\u00e9n trong bu\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li>Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed n\u00e9n, l\u00e0m kim van \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean, m\u1edf ra l\u1ed7 van l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3m, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00ed n\u00e9n gi\u1ea3m, kim van s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y xu\u1ed1ng, thu nh\u1ecf l\u1ed7 van v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i.<\/li>\n<li>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t trong d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc li\u00ean quan. M\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1edfi:<\/p>\n<p>Q = m * h<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Q l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t (Joules, J).<\/li>\n<li>m l\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh (kg\/s).<\/li>\n<li>h l\u00e0 enthalpy c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh (J\/kg).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u00e1p su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t (Clapeyron Equation) d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<p>ln(P\\sub{2}\/P\\sub{1}) = -\\DeltaH\\sub{vap}\/R * (1\/T\\sub{2} &#8211; 1\/T\\sub{1})<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>P\\sub{1} v\u00e0 P\\sub{2} l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (Pascal, Pa).<\/li>\n<li>T\\sub{1} v\u00e0 T\\sub{2} l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng (Kelvin, K).<\/li>\n<li>\\DeltaH\\sub{vap} l\u00e0 enthalpy bay h\u01a1i (Joules per mole, J\/mol).<\/li>\n<li>R l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (8.314 J\/(mol*K)).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t qua c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kim van, l\u00f2 xo v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec7t, van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong d\u00e0n bay h\u01a1i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u00eam ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1ch van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Van gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh lu\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ed1i \u01b0u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng 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