{"id":674707,"date":"2024-10-24T16:37:51","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T15:37:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=674707"},"modified":"2024-10-24T16:37:51","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T15:37:51","slug":"tac-dong-cua-tro-nhiet-doi-voi-lam-mat-dien-tu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tac-dong-cua-tro-nhiet-doi-voi-lam-mat-dien-tu\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\"T\u00e1c<\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/h2>\n

Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t l\u00e0 tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t. Tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tho\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n

Tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf d\u00f2ng nhi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m trong m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qua s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u k\u00eanh W\/(m*K), trong \u0111\u00f3 W l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t (Watts), m l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch (metres), v\u00e0 K l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (Kelvin). \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 \u00b0C\/W.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

Tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n

\\[
\nR_\\text{th} = \\frac{\\Delta T}{P}
\n\\]\n

Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Rth<\/sub> l\u00e0 tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t (\u00b0C\/W)<\/li>\n
  • \\Delta T l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n
  • P l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 (W)<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/h2>\n

    Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u00e8n LED, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n b\u00e1n d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

    1. T\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h3>\n

    Khi tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t cao, nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng do thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

    2. Gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/h3>\n

    Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a linh ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

    3. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/h3>\n

    Khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t cao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

    Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/h2>\n

    \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • T\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng qu\u1ea1t:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, gi\u00fap \u0111em nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
  • L\u00e0m m\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng:<\/b> D\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t:<\/b> V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00f4m gi\u00fap gia t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nT\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tac-dong-cua-tro-nhiet-doi-voi-lam-mat-dien-tu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tac-dong-cua-tro-nhiet-doi-voi-lam-mat-dien-tu\/\" \/>\n<meta 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\\u0111\\u1ed9ng c\\u1ee7a tr\\u1edf nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed1i v\\u1edbi l\\u00e0m m\\u00e1t \\u0111i\\u1ec7n t\\u1eed\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/tac-dong-cua-tro-nhiet-doi-voi-lam-mat-dien-tu\/#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-24T15:37:51+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-10-24T15:37:51+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/e8c544db9afedaec8574d6464f9398bb\"},\"description\":\"T\\u00ecm hi\\u1ec3u t\\u00e1c \\u0111\\u1ed9ng c\\u1ee7a tr\\u1edf nhi\\u1ec7t \\u0111\\u1ed1i v\\u1edbi l\\u00e0m m\\u00e1t \\u0111i\\u1ec7n t\\u1eed, c\\u00f9ng c\\u00e1ch c\\u1ea3i thi\\u1ec7n hi\\u1ec7u su\\u1ea5t t\\u1ea3n nhi\\u1ec7t cho c\\u00e1c thi\\u1ebft b\\u1ecb \\u0111i\\u1ec7n t\\u1eed hi\\u1ec7n 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