{"id":675201,"date":"2024-09-10T18:16:01","date_gmt":"2024-09-10T17:16:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675201"},"modified":"2024-09-10T18:16:01","modified_gmt":"2024-09-10T17:16:01","slug":"cach-cap-nhiet-dien-tao-dien-ap-tu-nhiet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-cap-nhiet-dien-tao-dien-ap-tu-nhiet\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\"C\u00e1ch<\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

C\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Seebeck, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y d\u1eabn t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Seebeck<\/h3>\n

Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Seebeck \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Thomas Johann Seebeck v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1821. Khi hai kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1i hai \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra. S\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

<\/p>\n

  • M\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n bao g\u1ed3m hai d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u Th\u1ea1ch Anh (Type K, J, T, E,…).<\/li>\n
  • Hai d\u00e2y kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhau t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “\u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111o” (junction).<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u1ea7u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hai d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Seebeck<\/h3>\n

    Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf (V) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n

    \\( V = S * \u2206T \\)<\/p>\n

    trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \\(V\\) l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf do c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra.<\/li>\n
    • \\(S\\) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 Seebeck c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p kim lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 V\/\u00b0C (volt tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 C).<\/li>\n
    • \\(\u2206T\\) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 \u00b0C (\u0111\u1ed9 C).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

      <\/p>\n

    • \u0110o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9: C\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
    • Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh: Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n
    • Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc: C\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n

      <\/o1><\/p>\n

      L\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

      <\/p>\n

    • L\u1ee3i \u00edch:\n
        \n
      • Chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n
      • Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb -200\u00b0C \u0111\u1ebfn +1800\u00b0C t\u00f9y lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
      • \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cao v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
      • H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf:\n
          \n
        • \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec5u \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v\u00e0 sai s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111o l\u1ea1nh.<\/li>\n
        • \u0110\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng cao b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u1eb7p RTD.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n

          <\/u1><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

          C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nC\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-cap-nhiet-dien-tao-dien-ap-tu-nhiet\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u00e1ch c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec7t: T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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