{"id":675489,"date":"2024-09-23T22:09:31","date_gmt":"2024-09-23T21:09:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675489"},"modified":"2024-09-23T22:09:31","modified_gmt":"2024-09-23T21:09:31","slug":"cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-he-thong-luu-tru-da","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-he-thong-luu-tru-da\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/cach_thuc_hoat_dong_cua_he_thong_luu_tru_da.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 trong ng\u00e0nh <b>k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t<\/b>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h2>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo hai giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh: giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t. Trong m\u1ed7i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m tan ch\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1. \u0110\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><b>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b> Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m. \u0110\u00e1 s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><b>B\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a:<\/b> \u0110\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m:<\/b> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e1.<\/li>\n<li><b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n:<\/b> Bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao:<\/b> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<li><b>\u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/b> \u0110\u00e1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><b>Linh ho\u1ea1t trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng:<\/b> H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb l\u00e0m m\u00e1t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p>N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n<p><code>Q = m * c * \u0394T<\/code><\/p>\n<p>trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>Q<\/code> l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (Joules, J)<\/li>\n<li><code>m<\/code> l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 (kg)<\/li>\n<li><code>c<\/code> l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 (J\/kg\u00b7\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li><code>\u0394T<\/code> l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1 (\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1 trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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