{"id":675682,"date":"2024-08-28T02:41:23","date_gmt":"2024-08-28T01:41:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675682"},"modified":"2024-08-28T02:41:23","modified_gmt":"2024-08-28T01:41:23","slug":"ung-dung-cach-nhiet-trong-cong-nghe-hang-khong-vu-tru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/ung-dung-cach-nhiet-trong-cong-nghe-hang-khong-vu-tru\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/ung_dung_cach_nhiet_trong_cong_nghe_hang_khong_vu_tru.png\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng C\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7t Trong C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>T\u1ea1i Sao C\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7t L\u1ea1i Quan Tr\u1ecdng Trong H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5?<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan. Khi t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 bay v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng gian, n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb -150\u00b0C trong b\u00f3ng r\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 150\u00b0C khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a phi h\u00e0nh gia.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o V\u1ec7 Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec7n T\u1eed:<\/strong> C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ea3m B\u1ea3o An To\u00e0n Cho Phi H\u00e0nh Gia:<\/strong> M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a phi h\u00e0nh gia trong t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00f4ng Ngh\u1ec7 V\u00e0 V\u1eadt Li\u1ec7u C\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t (Thermal Protection Systems &#8211; TPS):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t cao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao khi t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng b\u1ecdt:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ecdt c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, gi\u00fap c\u00e1ch ly nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u00ean trong.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Multi-Layer Insulation (MLI):<\/strong> M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ecfng v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>C\u00e1c \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf<\/h3>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u1edbn. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>K\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng gian Hubble:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MLI \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e0i \u1edf kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 Crew Dragon c\u1ee7a SpaceX:<\/strong> \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5m ch\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7t PICA-X (Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 khi t\u00e1i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>K\u1ebft Lu\u1eadn<\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 phi h\u00e0nh gia kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t m\u1edbi s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00e0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t trong kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ 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