{"id":675701,"date":"2024-11-19T05:55:02","date_gmt":"2024-11-19T04:55:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675701"},"modified":"2024-11-19T05:55:02","modified_gmt":"2024-11-19T04:55:02","slug":"anh-huong-cua-su-gian-no-nhiet-den-dong-co-nhu-the-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/anh-huong-cua-su-gian-no-nhiet-den-dong-co-nhu-the-nao\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1: Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/anh_huong_cua_su_gian_no_nhiet_den_dong_co_nhu_the_nao.png\" alt=\"\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h2>\n<p>S\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng. Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2>S\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u03b1 (alpha), v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<p>\u0394L = L<sub>o<\/sub> * \u03b1 * \u0394T<\/p>\n<p>Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0394L l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li>L<sub>o<\/sub> l\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<li>\u03b1 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li>\u0394T l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h3>\n<p>Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ho\u1eb7c co l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn.<\/li>\n<li>Gia t\u0103ng ma s\u00e1t.<\/li>\n<li>G\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t<\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c khi v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. Khi c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0103n kh\u1edbp m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o do gi\u00e3n n\u1edf ho\u1eb7c co l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a chu tr\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h2>Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h2>\n<h3>1. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t<\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/h3>\n<p>K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7n t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kho\u1ea3ng h\u1edf (clearance) ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t v\u00e0 m\u00e0i m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<h3>3. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u00f4i tr\u01a1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n<p>B\u00f4i tr\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ma s\u00e1t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u nh\u1edbt ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1: Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - 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