{"id":675742,"date":"2024-08-04T04:53:36","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T03:53:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675742"},"modified":"2024-08-04T04:53:36","modified_gmt":"2024-08-04T03:53:36","slug":"lam-the-nao-dong-ho-nhiet-do-luong-tieu-thu-nang-luong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-dong-ho-nhiet-do-luong-tieu-thu-nang-luong\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

\"L\u00e0m<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng trong nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh. Ch\u00fang \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi, l\u00e0m m\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh hai th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng: l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc) v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. L\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ea3y qua m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n
  2. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hai c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0394T) gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sau khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/p>\n

    Q = m * c * \u0394T<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Q: Nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Joule, J)<\/li>\n
    • m: Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (kg ho\u1eb7c m3<\/sup>)<\/li>\n
    • c: Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (J\/kg\u00b7K ho\u1eb7c J\/m3<\/sup>\u00b7K)<\/li>\n
    • \u0394T: Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ra (K ho\u1eb7c \u00b0C)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 Q t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (m), nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng (c) v\u00e0 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 (\u0394T).<\/p>\n

      \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t<\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

        \n
      • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u01b0\u1edfi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap \u0111o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n
      • Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p:<\/strong> Trong c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t gi\u00fap theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n
      • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 tuabin gi\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong ng\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nL\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t trong \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong 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