{"id":675900,"date":"2024-09-28T23:38:40","date_gmt":"2024-09-28T22:38:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675900"},"modified":"2024-09-28T23:38:40","modified_gmt":"2024-09-28T22:38:40","slug":"chuyen-doi-nang-luong-nhiet-thai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/chuyen-doi-nang-luong-nhiet-thai\/","title":{"rendered":"Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"sidekick\">Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i &#8211; t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/chuyen_doi_nang_luong_nhiet_thai.png\" alt=\"Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i\" style=\"display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;\"\/><\/p>\n<h2>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n<p>Trong ng\u00e0nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m. Nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ngu\u1ed3n nhi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2>C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i<\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 \u00edch, m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>M\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n (Thermoelectric Generator &#8211; TEG):<\/b><\/li>\n<p>TEG s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Seebeck \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng. Khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ch\u01b0a cao.<\/p>\n<li><b>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Rankine h\u1eefu c\u01a1 (Organic Rankine Cycle &#8211; ORC):<\/b><\/li>\n<p>ORC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u01a1. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<li><b>Chu tr\u00ecnh Kalina:<\/b><\/li>\n<p>Chu tr\u00ecnh Kalina t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p amoniac v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi chu tr\u00ecnh Rankine trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<li><b>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t:<\/b><\/li>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n gia nhi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c<\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO<sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>T\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<li>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u1edbi b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea3i &#8211; t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v15.4 - 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