{"id":675919,"date":"2024-10-29T04:01:36","date_gmt":"2024-10-29T03:01:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/?p=675919"},"modified":"2024-10-29T04:01:36","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T03:01:36","slug":"lam-the-nao-xu-ly-dong-lanh-cai-thien-do-ben-cua-kim-loai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-xu-ly-dong-lanh-cai-thien-do-ben-cua-kim-loai\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

\"L\u00e0m<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong ng\u00e0nh c\u01a1 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nhi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kim lo\u1ea1i. C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh<\/h2>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

  • Gia nhi\u1ec7t ban \u0111\u1ea7u: Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nung n\u00f3ng l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n
  • \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh nhanh: Sau khi gia nhi\u1ec7t, kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh xu\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 -196\u00b0C (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nit\u01a1 l\u1ecfng).<\/li>\n
  • Duy tr\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p: Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n
  • Gia nhi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i: Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia nhi\u1ec7t l\u1ea1i t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh<\/h2>\n

    X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch quan tr\u1ecdng cho kim lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n:<\/b> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tinh th\u1ec3 trong kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, l\u00e0m cho kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
  • Gi\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0:<\/b> \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t d\u01b0 trong kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ee9t ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecfng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn. X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ho\u1eb7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n
  • C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e0i m\u00f2n:<\/b> Do \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u00edt b\u1ecb m\u00e0i m\u00f2n h\u01a1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n?<\/h2>\n

    Kim lo\u1ea1i sau khi qua x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac sau:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac Cryogenic:<\/b> \u1ede nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n
  • Ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y Martensite:<\/b> Th\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng g\u1ec9 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p kim th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a pha martensite, m\u1ed9t pha r\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 gi\u00f2n. Khi qua x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh, pha n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ecbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y ra \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
  • K\u1ebft tinh m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u:<\/b> Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t tinh th\u1ec3 m\u1ecbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 dai c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n

    <\/u1><\/p>\n

    \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n<\/h2>\n

    X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

    <\/p>\n

  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4 t\u00f4:<\/b> C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd.<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng:<\/b> Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c v\u00e0 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
  • S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5:<\/b> D\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt v\u00e0 m\u0169i khoan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u00e0i m\u00f2n.<\/li>\n

    <\/o1><\/p>\n

    Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kim lo\u1ea1i trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[132],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nL\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/vi\/lam-the-nao-xu-ly-dong-lanh-cai-thien-do-ben-cua-kim-loai\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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